Internal studies of man's inner world. What is the inner world of a person? The rich inner world of the individual. How limitless is your world? How to determine it

How do you understand the meaning of the word Teacher?

The profession of “teacher” is one of the most respected and responsible professions. Being a teacher is difficult. A good teacher most often becomes a friend and comrade for us, students. We often turn to him with our problems, share our joy or complain about failure, ask for help... And he responds to our requests, because he is a true friend. To confirm what has been said, I will turn to the literary work and the text offered to me by L. Zakharova.

As the first argument confirming my point of view, I will take V. Rasputin’s story “French Lessons”. The teacher Lidia Mikhailovna was a kind and fair person. Having learned that her student is playing for money, she decides to find out why he is doing this. Realizing that he is doing this so as not to die of hunger, she decides to help him... And he becomes a true friend.

As a second argument to prove my opinion, I will give an example from the text by L. Zakharova. Elena Mikhailovna, having heard about Vova’s conflict with the young teacher, first took the side of Serafima Kuzminichna (proposals 22-23). But, thinking that the young teacher could be overly strict and unfair to her students, she decided to talk to her. But she was late... Reading about the repentance of the class teacher, we understand that she is a good teacher, because she is not indifferent to the fate of her students (sentences 40-44).

Thus, after analyzing two arguments, I proved that teachers are second parents. They will help when help is needed, be happy for their students and worry when something doesn’t work out for them.

What is happiness?

Some people claim that they are unhappy. But I think they are wrong and simply do not notice that happiness is nearby. For example, spring has come, green leaves have blossomed - isn’t this a piece of happiness? Or after a thunderstorm we see a rainbow on the horizon - this is also happiness. And even the fact that we live, go to work or school every day, and make plans for the future is also happiness.

The heroine of the text by N. Aksenova considered herself unhappy. She hated children's matinees, to which her father, an ordinary mechanic, came. He came with a button accordion. Funny and ugly, he made children laugh. And none of the Christmas tree participants noticed that accordion player Valery Petrovich was happy while playing at the matinees. His beaming face said it all.

But one day Ksyusha will dramatically change her opinion about her father. When he fearlessly goes to the regional center during a storm to help a stuck car in which people were freezing, the girl will feel as if “as if a huge monster, clanging its jaws, swallowed” her father. That's how terrible that storm was! But Valery Petrovich, thinking about his sick daughter, wife and other people trapped in the blizzard, will reach the village, raise everyone to their feet and return with an all-terrain vehicle. Here he is, a courageous man! A man worthy of the happiness and love of his daughter!

Thus, happiness is a state of a person’s soul that is difficult to notice. Difficult, but necessary!

What is happiness? (TO TEXT No. 75 Ella Efremovna Fonyakova (born in 1934) is a St. Petersburg writer whose works are dedicated to the Leningrad blockade, which coincided with the author’s childhood)

I believe that each of us understands what happiness is in our own way. This is a complex and multifaceted feeling, although not even a feeling, but a state to which every person strives. It consists of many parts, and the lack of even one of them can reduce all happiness to nothing.

The text by E.E. Fonyakova talks about the simple, uncomplicated happiness of the little girl Lena. It includes a trip to the dacha, walks to the Petrograd side, excursions to the Zoo... And happiness is a caring and cheerful dad, a loving mother. But in an instant, parents change when they hear the word “war.” Lena does not yet understand what happened, but she already feels that the happiness in her life is over.

How it once ended in the life of little Vanyushka, the hero of M.A. Sholokhov’s story “The Fate of a Man.” His military father went to the front, the boy and his mother were traveling on a train to another city, which was far from the war. But a German pilot bombed the train, killed his mother... And the little boy was left alone in the middle of the steppe, no one needed. And only after the war will happiness return to his life again, when a former soldier, Andrei Sokolov, decides to adopt Vanyushka.

Thus, happiness is when there is no war, when shells do not explode near our houses, when our mothers and fathers are alive.

(according to the text of a modern young blogger)

The inner world is a reflection of a person’s constantly renewed spiritual life. It consists of emotions, feelings and worldview. Let's see this with examples.

Our life can be composed of contrasting things, like the hero-narrator of their text, Ostromir. He loved motorcycles, wore a leather jacket, but at the same time had his own, slightly childish weaknesses, such as playing the role of a mascot bear “on the fork of a motorcycle.” And everyone has such weaknesses. As a rule, these are things that are very dear to the heart, storing precious memories, emotions, and feelings.

I think that talent is part of our inner world. There are people with limitless imagination, a diversified inner world, like A.S. Pushkin. After all, this wonderful man is remembered so many years after his death! And how can you forget him? If you have ever read his works, you will reproduce at least a couple of lines, because the rhyme of this genius is so easy that it is memorable “in flight.” Pushkin’s fairy tales can be quoted - they fit so easily into our lives! It was the writer’s inner world that helped his works gain such lightness and durability.

Thus, I believe that a person's inner world should develop and grow with him. If a person’s inner world develops and grows into a beautiful tree, with leaves from emotions, branches from principles and roots from a worldview, then a person will become real - thinking, feeling, merciful - the way a Man should be.

“What is the inner world of a person?” (option based on Ostromir’s text about a biker and a bear cub)

The inner world of a person is his spiritual world, consisting of feelings, emotions, thoughts, experiences, ideas about the environment. Does a person’s external appearance always correspond to their inner world? No not always. Sometimes a vulnerable nature is hidden under a formidable appearance. And vice versa. I will prove my point with examples from fiction.

The hero of Ostromir’s text is a stern and fearless biker, “a guy with a big beard and tattoos.” In the perception of many people, bikers are crazy guys prone to risk, rage and aggression. But the story about the toy, told by the hero himself, convinces us that a sentimental nature can be hidden under the mask of a rebel. This is evidenced by the hero's attitude towards his favorite childhood toy - a bear cub. Unpleasant dreams forced the narrator not only to find the bear cub in an abandoned dacha, but also to put it in order and give it a new life. Moreover, from that moment on, the childhood toy also became a talisman for the biker. Would a hard-hearted person do this?
Now let's remember the heroine of A.S. Pushkin's story "The Captain's Daughter" Masha Mironova. Who would have thought that this outwardly fragile and weak girl has inner strength and determination? After all, not everyone would dare to go to the queen herself to save their beloved!
Thus, a person’s appearance is not always a reflection of his inner world. (199 words)

“What is the inner world of a person?” (another option based on the text by L. Volkova about children and toys)

The inner world of a person is his spiritual world, consisting of feelings, emotions, thoughts, ideas about the environment. A person’s inner world begins to form in childhood. Play, fantasy and belief in miracles are of great importance in the spiritual development of a child. This can be confirmed by two examples.

The characters in L. Volkova's text are children with a rich imagination who love to play. During the game they learn not only good and evil, but also themselves. The extraordinary dream that Mitya and Nika believed in made them change for the better and realize important life truths.

Let us remember the hero of another literary work - Sasha Cherny's story "Igor Robinson". Playing at being a sailor, the boy ended up on an island. A difficult situation enriched the hero’s inner world; it forced him to overcome his fear and show qualities such as endurance, courage and intelligence.

Thus, childhood is a very important period of a person’s life; it is at this time that the concepts of good and evil are laid down, character, a value system, and inner world are formed. (149 words)

What is the inner world of a person?(based on the text by Anatoly Georgievich Aleksin (born in 1924) - writer, playwright. His works, such as “My Brother Plays the Clarinet”, “Characters and Performers”, “The Third in the Fifth Row”, etc., narrate about the world of youth.)

The inner world of a person is the spiritual life in which our ideas and images are formed. His view of the real world depends on a person’s inner world. Our spiritual life is built on emotions, feelings and worldview. Let's look at some examples.

In A. Aleksin’s text, we see a girl whose beauty those around her considered “grace,” and who herself was considered a “figurine” (sentence 6). In her mind, the beauty she possessed was different. And she didn’t like all the comparisons between the girl and the doll. Her inner world was different from others. She saw more human traits in herself than doll traits.

Each of us has our own view of what is happening in life, because our attitude depends on our inner world. For example, I don't understand people who listen to hard rock. Or something like that. I respect their tastes, but I will never understand these “screaming songs.” Our tastes are different because our inner world is different. No one has the right to judge us for the way we see and feel the real world. After all, our point of view depends entirely on our spiritual life.

Thus, the inner world is our subconscious, what makes us special; these are our feelings and emotions, our vision of the world around us.

What is the inner world of a person?

The inner world of a person is very deep and mysterious... Each of us has our own character, our own thoughts, our own goals, which we try to bring to life. The desire to understand the world, the ability to experience various emotions and feelings, our worldview - all this is included in the concept of “human inner world”.

It seems to me that you cannot change the character of an adult, but you can change his inner world. Even a simple word can turn this fragile “world” upside down. A little warmth, happiness, laughter and love - and now a person is transformed from rude or domineering into a real one, capable of feeling, sensing, living... I will prove this by taking arguments from the text of Anatoly Aleksin and from personal experience.

First, it must be emphasized that appearances are often deceiving and may only be a rough, dense fabric hiding the meager contents. This was the case with the girl, who was short and quite fragile, so she was often compared to the doll Larisa (2-9). The doll, as it seemed to the girl, with all its appearance showed the little lady who was in charge (17-18, 20). And, despite their external similarity, they clearly differed in their “contents”: who knows, maybe the inner world of the doll was much richer than its owner.

Secondly, the inner world is put together piece by piece, like a mosaic, a puzzle. And the more beautiful a person’s life is, the brighter and more skillful his applique called “Life” will be. I want to say a few words about my grandmother: she is kind, able to support anyone in difficult times, and fair. Granny influences me, trying to fill my inner world with some new content: she instills a love for music, literature, cooking...

Having considered two arguments, I confirmed my point of view that the inner world is very important for a person, it is what makes us human.

“What is the inner world of a person?” (Variant based on A. Aleksin’s text about the doll Larisa)

The inner world of a person is his spiritual world, consisting of feelings, emotions, thoughts, ideas about the surrounding reality. To understand the inner world of another person, you need to take a closer look at his actions and listen to his words. This can be confirmed with specific examples.

Let us turn to the text by A. Aleksin, the narration in which is told on behalf of a six-year-old girl, so we can judge the inner world of the heroine by her actions, feelings and thoughts that she shares with readers. According to the girl herself, she really likes to feel her power over dumb dolls. And these are not empty words, since the heroine tells how she treats her own toys: she commands and disposes of them, punishes them. Such behavior is not an innocent child’s play, because the girl wants to do the same in real life with real people, not dolls. The mental state of the heroine of the text is disturbing, because her inner world is limited by the satisfaction of her own vanity, the need for self-affirmation.

Let's remember the hero of another literary work - A.S. Pushkin's story "The Captain's Daughter". Officer Alexey Ivanovich Shvabrin commits dishonorable acts throughout the story: during a duel he delivers a vile blow with a sword to the enemy’s back, during the capture of a fortress, without hesitation, he goes over to the side of the rebels, and by force tries to persuade Masha to an alliance. Shvabrin’s words also do not evoke admiration: he undeservedly slanderes the honest family of Commandant Mironov, speaks caustically about his rival’s love poems and gives him very dubious advice on how to win the girl’s favor and, finally, slanderes Pyotr Grinev, calling him a traitor. All this suggests Shvabrin’s spiritual dishonor. Before us is a man with a petty and selfish soul.

Thus, a person’s inner world is reflected in his actions and attitude towards others. (260 words)

“What is the inner world of a person?” (based on the text by V.T. Shalamov about a children’s notebook)

The inner world of a person is his spiritual world, consisting of feelings, emotions, thoughts, ideas about the surrounding reality. You can get to know the inner world of another person by his actions, hobbies, creations, preferences in fiction, music, cinema, etc. I can confirm my words with specific examples.

Let us turn to the text by V.T. Shalamov. We learn about the inner world of one of the characters - an unfamiliar boy - from his notebook with drawings. Instead of joyful pictures through the eyes of the narrator, we see painted fences, barbed wire, guard towers, sentries with rifles, soldiers, and shepherd dogs. These images are in no way associated with a happy childhood. Thanks to the drawings, we understand that this child was deprived of many joys, and these deprivations left an imprint of severity on his inner world.

A reflection of the poet’s inner world is, of course, his poems. For example, reading the poetic works of M.Yu. Lermontov, such as “Sail”, “Cliff”, “Both boring and sad...”, “In the wild north...”, we understand that the inner world of the author of these lines filled with loneliness, melancholy, despair, dissatisfaction with oneself.

Thus, the inner world of every person is a mystery; you need to take a closer look at what and how he does. (168 words)

“What is the inner world of a person?” (Variant based on the text by V.Yu. Dragunsky about a teddy bear)

The inner world of a person is his spiritual world, consisting of feelings, emotions, thoughts, ideas about the surrounding reality. The inner world of each person is unique, it is reflected in his actions and attitude towards others. I will prove my words with specific examples.

Let us turn to the text by V.Yu. Dragunsky. The main character - a six-year-old boy - has, in my opinion, a rich inner world. His actions testify to this. When the boy's mother suggested that the boy use a forgotten childhood toy - a teddy bear - as a punching bag, the hero was happy at first, but then he remembered how he loved this bear, how he spent his time with him, as if with a little brother or friend. The flood of memories forced the boy to give up not only training, but also the desire to become a boxer. The hero's behavior suggests that he is a true friend and will never offend someone who is weaker than him.

Masha Mironova, the heroine of A.S. Pushkin’s story “The Captain’s Daughter,” also has a rich inner world. When the girl found out that Pyotr Grinev was facing the death penalty, she fearlessly went to the queen herself in order to save her lover. Masha was able to overcome cowardice and indecision in herself for the sake of saving another person. And this testifies to the girl’s spiritual wealth.

Thus, in order to find out what a person’s inner world is like, you need to pay attention to his behavior in a given situation. (201 words)

What is CHOICE? (to the text by Evgeniy Valerievich Grishkovets (born in 1967) - modern Russian writer, playwright, director, actor, musician. He became famous after he was awarded the Golden Mask national theater award in 1999. He is the author of books “Shirt”, “Rivers”, “Traces on me”, “Asphalt)

A choice is one decision made by a person from several options that he has thought through or suggested by others: parents, friends, acquaintances.

We make decisions every day, important and not so important. Sometimes it is difficult for us to make a choice, sometimes it is easy. One of the important choices in life is the choice of profession.

For example, in the text by E.V. Grishkovets, the main character for a long time could not choose who he should be, where to go to study, what profession to choose. He went through several options: a university where one could get a profession as an engineer, a cultural institute, a medical one. However, for one reason or another, all this did not suit the narrator. And yet, he understood the main thing, what exactly his soul was for: he “wanted a fun, interesting, real life” (28-33)..

In addition, I will give an example from life. I love to read, and once read Colleen McCullough's novel The Thorn Birds. Ralph, the main character of the work, chose the path of serving the Lord in exchange for love and family happiness. This decision was not easy for him: on the one hand, he could be happy, having found a family, a loved one, on the other hand, he could not imagine his life without the service of God, because he believed that this was precisely why the Lord sent him to earth. Having made his choice, he regretted it more than once, but remained faithful to his duty.

Thus, we are convinced that choosing a profession is an important decision that every person makes himself, no one can help him in this.

(another option for the same text)

Choice is a conscious decision-making from a variety of options offered. A person is constantly faced with a situation of choice; it is a vital necessity. It is especially important to make the right decision when choosing a future profession, because a person’s future life depends on it. Sometimes making such a choice is very difficult, but some people already know from an early age what they will do when they grow up. I will prove the truth of my words with specific examples.

The hero of the text by E. Grishkovets talks about how he chose his future profession. The boy had three options: to become an engineer, like his mother, a doctor, like his uncle and brother, or a cultural worker. He saw pros and cons in every profession. At this stage of life, the hero has not been able to make up his mind, but we understand that sooner or later he cannot avoid making this important decision.

But A.V. Suvorov did not have to think long about choosing his future profession. Already in childhood, despite poor health and lack of support from his father, he decided to become a military man. Therefore, he devoted the rest of his life to achieving his goal. The correctness of the path he chose is proven by the fact that the name of A. Suvorov entered the history of our country as the name of a legendary commander.

Thus, making a choice is half the battle; the main thing is not to make a mistake with your choice. (184 words)

What is choice? (to the text according to Anton Ivanovich Denikin (1872–1947) - Russian military leader, political and public figure, writer, memoirist, publicist and military documentarian)

The life of each of us consists of choices, sometimes the most ordinary and everyday ones. Among them there is one on which our future life depends. This choice - the choice of profession - must be made thoughtfully and slowly.

Agree, any person sooner or later faces the choice of a future profession. He needs to correlate all the factors (“I can”, “I want” and “I need”) and choose the area of activity where both the soul and the “wallet” will be happy. I will prove this thesis by citing arguments from the text of A.I. Denikin and analyzing my life experience.

As the first argument confirming the thesis, I will take sentences 18-23. Since childhood, the main character liked to watch shooting ranges, sometimes he himself shot at the shooting range. He liked it, and he “took root in the military environment.” After graduating from real school, the young man, without a moment’s doubt, “chose a military career.” He made this choice because he loved military service and knew that he could reveal his potential in it.

As a second argument confirming my point of view, I will give an example from life experience. In the near future I will also need to choose a profession. This is a very important issue that I have discussed with my parents many times. However, I myself cannot accurately determine the area in which I want to work. I still have time, and I hope that I will make the right choice.

Thus, I proved that with every choice, especially the choice of profession, you need to think carefully about everything, and also rely on your strengths, abilities and the support of your family.

“What is moral choice?” (based on the text by E. Shima about Verochka and Gosha)

A moral choice is a decision consciously made by a person, it is the answer to the question “What to do?”: to obey or remain oneself, to deceive or to tell the truth, to help or to leave in trouble. When making a moral choice, a person is guided by his conscience and life values. By what a person chooses, one can judge his moral character. I will prove the truth of my words with specific examples.

Let us turn to the text by E.Yu. Shima. The hero of the text, Gosha, at first glance is a weak-willed, shy and fearful boy. But in a critical situation, without hesitation, he makes his choice and accomplishes a real feat: falling flat, on his stomach, onto a burning rocket to save the girl he likes. The boy’s heroic act shows that he is a real man, ready to save the life of another person at the cost of his own life.

The hero of Irina Kramshina’s story “The Jumping Dragonfly” also made his moral choice. When Max learns that his mother has a diseased kidney and urgently needs surgery, he makes a conscious decision to become a donor for her. This choice indicates that, despite all the disagreements and quarrels, the son loves his mother and wishes only the best for her.

Thus, by making a moral choice, a person shows his true face to others. (174 words)

What is good? (to the text according to Shim Eduard Yuryevich (1930–2006) - Russian Soviet writer, playwright. Author of several collections of stories for children and adults)

Good is actions that bring happiness and do not cause harm, damage, pain, or suffering to anyone. A person who commits a merciful act has spiritual sensitivity and warmth. A kind person is always ready to protect the weak and help the offended.

In the text by E.Yu. Shim, such a heroine is Vera, who understood Zheka’s condition and sympathized with him in her heart. And when her reckless friend Lisapeta began to gloat about the girl that Zheka liked, Vera tried to explain to her friend that Lisa Rakitina was not a bourgeois. And she collects portraits of actors because she has trouble seeing in films: “just spots,” and she also wants to remember the faces of famous film figures. Vera is a truly kind person!

My classmates understand the word “good” as an action that brings joy to others. So, during the Victory Day celebrations, they congratulated all war and labor veterans living in the school district. A bouquet of lilacs and a small card. It would seem, what is valuable?! And how the old people rejoiced! We rejoiced at our smiles, our kind eyes.

Thus, goodness is our deeds towards others, causing them joy and happiness.

The inner world of a person is unique and inimitable; thanks to this phenomenon, people create works of art: painting, music, masterpieces of literature and cinema. The deep inner world of people enriches the planet and gives many useful discoveries.

What is the inner world of a person?

The concept of the inner world is very multifaceted, it can mean biological processes occurring in the body, such as the speed of connection of synapses, the location of internal organs, thinking processes, but to the same extent this concept can be attributed to the mental organization of a person, the state in which he is: harmony or chaos. Every person has an inner world, but for some it is the whole Universe, while for others it is a barely lit “small closet”.

The inner world of a woman

Men will never come closer to understanding what the inner world of a woman is like, because the beautiful representatives of humanity are a mystery to themselves. The inner female world is a treasury of different states, the ability to visualize events and phenomena and influence the world. If a woman is closed inside herself and does not allow herself to bloom and be beautiful, she will never inspire her man to achieve accomplishments. What helps a woman enrich her inner world:

communication with the Divine (singing mantras, heart-to-heart conversations with God);
reading developmental, psychological and spiritual literature;
handicrafts (the ones you like);
listening to classical music;
communication with friends, older women;
communication with nature.

The inner world of a man

Popular psychology describes a man’s inner world as a space in which he can indulge in dreams, thoughts, and psychologists believe that a man’s spiritual organization is more subtle and vulnerable than a woman’s. In his inner world, a man who is often externally successful is a little boy looking for approval and recognition that he could not get from his parents. A wise woman senses this and gives him respect and the opportunity to grow. Men contribute to the development of their inner world:

trips;
moderate austerities;
sport;
overcoming obstacles;
responsibility for the family;
sincere conversations with your soulmate.

Inner world of personality

What the inner world of a person consists of is difficult to describe - it is an individual phenomenon. Everything a person encounters throughout life leaves an imprint on the inner universe. Having encountered traumatic and tragic events in childhood, a person carries this within himself in the form of disharmony, expressed in phobias and neuroses; people with a “crippled” inner world attract failures in adulthood. A happy childhood forms in a person an internal image of a reliable island from which one can draw strength and heal the soul in the event of a life storm.

What does the inner world look like?

The deep inner world does not have a clear image in the usual sense; it cannot be touched or imposed a specific form. Each time it can be a different image or form, the content can be the same for a long time, if a person “sticks” to certain stereotypes, a rich inner world is in the person who strives for change and knowledge. The structure of a person’s inner world can be described in the following categories:

emotions– bright events are always accompanied by emotions and leave an imprint on the inner world;
feelings– (love, hate, joy) are fueled by emotions and change the usual state of affairs;
worldview– is formed throughout life and has a great influence on the inner world; these are moral guidelines and principles.

How to know your inner world?

How to understand your inner world and not get lost? The ancient sages said: “Know yourself - you will know the world!” Man has differentiated phenomena and events into the categories of good and evil, while forgetting the truth that there is no absolute good and evil, therefore, getting to know themselves, people often pay attention to positive qualities, and shortcomings are ignored and not analyzed, but there is so much potential hidden there, without whose inner world is boring and insipid. To know yourself, you need to accept everything without reserve and decide to use it or transform what you don’t like about yourself into a new quality.

How to change your inner world?

Dissatisfaction with one's life, environment and events leads to the fact that a conscious person begins to wonder what is wrong with him, and how could things be different? Yes, a rich inner world is a true treasure, and if not, then it’s time to change. It is important to start with small steps - if you do everything at once, there is a risk of failure and no amount of motivation will help you further. Psychologists and esotericists give the following recommendations for changing the inner world:

work with the body (yogic practices, breathing techniques, basic daily exercises for the body - in a healthy body the spirit will perk up);
mental practices - working with thoughts, filtering negative ones and replacing them with positive ones;

In order to change the internal content, it is important to stop:

condemn people;
engage in self-flagellation;
feel sorry for yourself.

Development of the inner world of man

The soul and inner world of a person are not in a frozen position and need constant development. A rich inner spiritual world nourishes the soul and its potential grows. From childhood, parents should instill in a child a sense of beauty, virtue and teach him to express himself and his emotions. Inner peace develops from simple actions and rituals:

correct - food should be medicine for the soul and body, everything with which a person fills himself becomes it;
interaction with nature - forests, water sources, clean air fill the body with energies;
helping other people and the ability to ask for help yourself in necessary cases - all people on higher planes are a single organism, helping others who need help, a person helps himself;
gratitude - to be in this state means to have a harmonious inner world, there is always something to thank life and God for;
the ability to rejoice and act from the circumstances offered by life, whatever they may be.

The inner and outer world of man

“Have you ever felt like you are out of favor with the universe?” – the heroine of the film “Cloud Atlas”, journalist Luisa Rey, asks physicist Isaac Sachs. What is it about? A person comes into this world with a specific mission and for trials. Inner worlds, outer worlds - everything is interconnected, they attract each other. People whose inner world is based on the desire to know the truth, the truth and the struggle for this may encounter an external world that will give them the basis for this struggle. Everything the inner world needs, the outer world provides it.

Books that shape a person's inner world

Good literature is like a friend and can even become a spiritual teacher for a person who knows himself. A read book for the soul and mind is time well spent, a huge resource and a “brick” in building the inner Universe. Books that shape a person’s inner world:

« The Sage and the Art of Living» A. Meneghetti. Rise above everyday life, reason and answer useful questions proposed by the author: “Why did I come into this world?” "What is happiness?" "Who am I?".
« A chest of magical stories. Therapeutic tales» N. Bezus. Traveling with the heroes of fairy tales, both children and adults will find something that is close to their beautiful inner world, touch the strings of the soul and provide a resourceful state.
« Eat. Pray. Love» E. Gilbert. A book that became a worldwide bestseller and was brought to life on screen. The main character's struggles and search for support and love within herself. About how to find the light within yourself.
« How to organize your inner world» G. MacDonald. The inner world can be like a blooming garden, beautiful and harmonious, or it can be in chaos, as a result of which the world, like a mirror, brings down problems on a person.
« Life without limits» Nick Vujicic. A happy man with a rich inner world, who warms people with just a smile and a glance - he knows how to be happy - God did not give him arms and legs, but gave him a heart full of love.

It is difficult to define such a complex structure as the inner world of a person. In the past, these words were replaced by “soul,” although this word is not at all easy to define. Still, the soul and the inner world are not the same thing. The soul remains unchanged, but a person’s inner world can change very much.

We can say that the inner world is a kind of mental space in which the entire spiritual life of an individual is located, all of its energy is concentrated in it. In the inner world, the formation and preservation of human cultural values takes place, and then their transformation. This is a kind of virtual reality that serves as an intermediary between the neural networks of the brain and the surrounding immediate reality of a person.

The structure of the human inner world

If the inner world can be complexly organized, this means that this organization has signs of systematicity, and it can be decomposed into components. Psychologists and philosophers believe that the inner world has the following components.

Emotions are one of the most striking components of a person’s inner world. Many experiences leave a mark on the soul precisely because of the emotions experienced. Events that are not charged with emotions are quickly forgotten.

Feelings are also emotions, but with greater constancy. They last quite a long time and are much less dependent on external “recharging”. Usually feelings have a direction, that is, they are caused by a specific person, phenomenon or object. Feelings are capable of being signed by emotions. They, like gravity, change the state of things in a person’s inner world.

Worldview is one of the main laws of formation of the inner world. Outlook on life, moral guidelines and principles - all this is included in the worldview. If a person did not form his worldview, his inner world would develop chaotically, and in the end it could turn out that no development occurred at all. The more holistic and logically clear a person’s worldview is, the more significant and rapid the development and enrichment of his inner world occurs.

Despite the fact that a person’s worldview largely depends on a person’s past experience, it is quite possible to form it independently, focusing on one’s own ideals and aspirations. Various positive examples and impressive people that you meet along the path of life often provide invaluable assistance in shaping your worldview.

Each representative of the human race has his own unique way of thinking. It is precisely this that participates in the formation of the inner world. Sometimes it is quite difficult for people to understand someone because of different ideas about life. To unravel the inner world of a person, you first need to delve into the peculiarities of his character.

Instructions

Don't try to get into a person's soul. Even in the best case scenario, you won’t be able to do this without psychological skills. Direct questions on certain topics can cause indignation, embarrassment and even anger in the interlocutor. You need to learn about people's inner world more delicately, and even unnoticeably.

To look “inside” a person you are interested in, carefully monitor his behavior in different life situations. His desire to appear better everywhere does not indicate a high level of egoism. This behavior indicates a tendency towards idealization. It can be reinforced by demands from those close to them to meet the person’s expectations.

Another “talking” trait is touchiness. If a person often “puffs up”, it means that he is not ready to hear others and is too preoccupied with his own “I”. There is no need to delve into the reasons for this behavior. Most likely, it is due to upbringing. You just need to take note of this and try not to offend the vulnerable person.

Character largely determines a person’s inner world. People carry out all their actions based on their own ideas about life. Finding out a person’s character is quite difficult, since initially everyone tries to show only their best qualities. Therefore, in order to open the inner world of your partner, you need to spend a lot of time with him.

Hobbies are your first helpers in understanding a person’s inner world. With their help, you can draw certain conclusions about his character and preferences. For example, when a musician is near you, pay attention to the compositions he creates. If it is rock or other aggressive genres, then inside a person there is a mixture of bright emotions and acute experiences. If the compositions are measured and pleasant to the ear, then he is in harmony with himself.

The concept of “psyche”, “soul”

The psyche is the result of the interaction of the brain with the environment and is a special property of highly organized matter to subjectively reflect objective reality. This property is necessary in order to navigate and actively interact with the environment, and also for a person to control his behavior. Both humans and animals have a psyche; the highest form of the human psyche can be designated by the concept of “consciousness,” but it is narrower, because the psyche contains the sphere of the subconscious and superconscious (“Super-I”).

The term “psyche,” used in philosophy, psychology, and medicine, is quite complex, and a number of its definitions only indicate that it is quite difficult for scientists to say unambiguously what it is. What scientists are definitely talking about is that the psyche cannot simply be reduced to the nervous system, although the nervous system is indeed one of the organs of the psyche. When the activity of the nervous system is disrupted, the psyche is disrupted and suffers.

The psyche is not given ready-made from the moment of birth and does not develop on its own, just as the human soul does not appear by itself if the child is isolated from people. The human psyche is formed in the course of communication and interaction with other people, in the process of their assimilation of the culture created by previous generations.

All currently available definitions of the psyche are related to the inner world of a person, his relationship to his environment or the external environment. The most understandable, simple and successful definition of this complex term is as follows - the psyche is nothing more than the subjective inner world of a person, which is determined by his interaction with the outside world.

Definition

Thus, the psyche includes several components: the external world, nature, its reflection - full-fledged brain activity - interaction with people, active transmission of human culture and abilities to new generations.

The concept of “psyche” is now used instead of the concept of “soul”. Nevertheless, quite a lot of words and entire expressions have been preserved in the language, derived from the original root: animate, soulful, soulless, intimate conversation, etc. From the point of view of linguistics, “soul” and “psyche” are one and the same. But as culture and science developed, the meanings of these concepts diverged.

Each person is a purely individual phenomenon, therefore the soul of each person represents the unique characteristics of his personality. Despite the uniqueness of each person, it is still possible to speak generally about the human soul in general. In religion and idealistic philosophy, as well as in psychology, the concept of “soul” is considered as an immaterial substance independent of the body, and science defines the soul as a special inner world of a person. This is the world into which the content is embedded, the information “filling” of the personality, which has the short designation “I”. This personal pronoun includes a certain worldview, life values, a body of knowledge and ideas about the surrounding reality. All these ideas are acquired by a person in the process of growing up, learning and practical life and determine the individual’s attitude to the outside world.

When considering the soul, neither philosophy nor psychology can do without considering the connection between the spiritual world of a person and the activity of his brain, therefore a person is a mental-physical psychophysical being. The soul in the form of an individual subject is expressed in the characteristics of temperament, character, talent, and having many modifications, it distinguishes one person from another, therefore the originality of the mental makeup with unique features determines the uniqueness of the individual. Emotions, feelings, morality, moral laws belong to the sphere of the soul. For psychology, the concept of “soul” is of fundamental importance, this is understandable, because the name of the science itself is nothing more than “the science of the soul.”

For people, the concept of “soul” is far from ambiguous - some believe that it is a function of the brain, for others the soul is born along with the body and continues to exist after death. Thus, a person is a synthesis of soul, mind and body, whose inner world is associated with the concept of “spirit”.

The concept of “human inner world”

A. Men believed that the most important thing in a person is that which cannot be touched with hands, seen with eyes, cannot be weighed and measured. This is the mental reality of a person, the organized content of his psyche or inner world.

Socrates also said that a life that is not known is not worth living.

Psychologists are making attempts to establish general patterns of human psychological life, but this is only one of the ways to understand one’s own inner world. The best psychologist of this world is each individual person, because by becoming self-aware, a person receives at least four amazing opportunities:

Get to know yourself;
Evaluate yourself;
To change yourself;
Accept yourself.

In self-awareness, psychology and philosophy play a huge role, which tries to answer the main questions that concern a person:

What is a person?
The purpose and meaning of human existence;
The role and place of man in the world.

Psychology questions are a little simpler:

The structure of the human psyche;
Psychological properties of personality;
The similarities and differences between people;
How a person thinks, feels, acts.

The basis of the inner, spiritual world is the intellect. Thanks to intelligence, a person lives, determines his highest needs, understands the world that surrounds him and himself in this world, forms his own guidelines, sets goals and objectives.

The inner world of a person, therefore, has a complex structure and is represented by such elements as:

Emotions are the most striking component of a person’s inner world. In a person’s soul, many experiences leave a deep imprint due to the emotions experienced, and events that are not charged with emotions are quickly forgotten.
Feelings. They are also emotions, but only more permanent. As a rule, they last quite a long time and are less dependent on external “recharging”. Feelings can be associated with a specific person, object or some phenomenon.
Worldview. It is considered the main law of the formation of the inner world.

Worldview includes moral guidelines and principles, views on life. The development and enrichment of a person’s inner world occurs much faster if a person has a holistic and logically clear worldview. You can form a worldview yourself, focusing on your own ideals and aspirations.

The inner world of people is individual and unique and arises as a result of reflection of the outer world. The inner world of a person and the outer world are closely connected and depend on each other.

As a result of the research, experts have identified the most common states of the human psyche that characterize his inner world:

“Self-expressions of the Self” are a person’s thoughts about himself. This is a monologue (monological thinking) with a predominance of the pronoun I in internal speech;
"Thinking about something else." This state is a dialogue where the pronoun “you” predominates. The condition is characterized by self-approval with possible mental self-criticism;
“Non-objectivity of mental images.” The subject of this state is focused on himself, his own merits, while his own shortcomings are rejected. Other participants are imagined in an abstract form, as if kept in their heads;
"Planning for the future." In this state, a person comprehends his prospects, sets goals for himself, reflects on the problems of their implementation, and plans for the future;
"Fixation on an obstacle." In this state, a feeling of loneliness arises and the possibility of interaction in resolving the situation is rejected. This happens because a person focuses or fixes his attention on some obstacles and difficulties;
"Sensory perception of the world." Thoughts are voiced in the form of voices, and all images are presented very brightly and in contrast;
"Fantasies". The state is creative, obstacles seem insignificant, because a way out can definitely be found, and goals are quite achievable. The person feels active and full of energy.

It becomes quite clear that the inner world of a person is closely connected with the external world and is its reflection in an individualized form. The inner world of each person is formed and filled through life experience, in the process of cognition.

The inner world of a person, or subjective reality, is all that internal content of psychological activity that is characteristic only of this particular person. Therefore, the inner world is always individual and always unique. Each person, through knowledge of the external world, tries to penetrate his inner world, understand it, in order to use such understanding to build his life, his unique life path. It is very difficult to study the inner world with objective methods; we can only see its “glimpses” that appear in the external world. Nevertheless, attempts to objectively penetrate into the inner world will probably never stop - its nature is so interesting and attractive. In psychology, there are quite interesting experiments in describing and analyzing the inner world, its structure, its “work”. It has been established, for example, that the inner world does not arise on its own, it is a reflection in a specific form of the outer world and has its own spatio-temporal characteristics, its own content.

The inner world as a reflection in a specific form of the outer world. According to some religious and philosophical concepts, the inner world is given to a person initially, and in the course of life he only discovers and cognizes it. According to other ideas, which have a more materialistic basis, the inner world arises and develops as a person develops as a person who is active in reflecting and mastering the surrounding reality.

A person can become a person only thanks to the human brain, which is ready for a special reflection of the external world and in which consciousness arose and developed. There are experiments in psychology where a baby chimpanzee was raised in the same way as a child, but the chimpanzee never became a human due to the fact that his brain was not initially adapted to master speech, abstract thinking, and consciousness in general. Thus, the presence of a human brain is the most important prerequisite for appropriate development. But suppose for a moment a situation where a born child, having a human brain, from birth does not see, does not hear, does not touch, does not feel. For some time he may live as an organism, but he will never become a person, a person, much less a person with an inner world. In another case, when a person was born with all functioning senses, but was not raised among people (and such cases are known), he also will not become a person with his own unique inner world.

From here it becomes clear that the inner world of a person is not given initially, it arises as a result of the reflection of the external world. As a result of such reflection, the Image of the World appears (as the famous Russian psychologist A.N. Leontiev wrote). But such an image is not a simple cast of the external world, it is initially individual and subjective, since each person constructs the reflected reality in his own way, creates his own unique system of images, he has his own unique experiences, his own vision of reality and himself. All this is carried out thanks to one’s own activity in reflecting the external world, adapting to it and transforming it, and affirming one’s existence as an individual.

Thus, the external world and the internal world are interconnected, have points of intersection, and depend on each other.

Spatiotemporal structure of the inner world. If the inner world exists, then it is logical to assume that, like the outer world, it has its own. internal space and its internal subjective time. Special studies conducted by psychologists fully prove this fact. For example, let us turn to the results obtained by the domestic psychologist T. N. Berezina, who conducted a series of interesting experiments to study the inner world of a person.

In her opinion, internal space in a broad sense is a form of existence of the psychological in general, and in a narrower sense - a form of existence of internal images. It does not exist outside of these images, just as the images themselves cannot exist outside of space. Images are subjective forms of objects and are generated by the inner world, acquiring unique uniqueness as a result of the influence of the attitudes, needs and motives of the individual on them. They themselves play an informational, emotional, regulatory role in the human psyche. As a result of experiments, it was shown that these images can be located in the internal space and localized differently for different people: left, right, behind, above, below, panoramic, they can be taken out as if outside the person, they can be close, distant, vary in shape, color, located on the time axis: past, present and future.

Example. Conduct a little experiment on yourself: imagine going to school for the first time. What image emerged? What is its shape and color? Where was it located: top, bottom, left, right, etc? Where are you, inside the image or outside it? If you have done all this and answered the questions posed, then you will understand what an image is and where it is located in the internal space.

No less interesting data were obtained regarding subjective time. Firstly, it has been proven that such time really exists. Secondly, facts have been discovered about the acceleration or deceleration of internal time, its reversibility, the possibility of obtaining information from the future or past, the existence of parallel time, etc.

Example. Let's consider the facts of acceleration and deceleration of subjective time (each of us knows about this from personal experience). If we are busy with something interesting and exciting, then time passes very quickly and imperceptibly, but for us, subjectively, it seems to stop. On the contrary, if we are inactive for a long time, do nothing, wait, for example, for a train for several hours, then time flows very slowly - it also seems to stop, but the nature of such a stop is different than when we do not notice it. After several weeks or months, the period that passed very quickly seems to us longer, since it was full of interesting events, and the period where we did nothing is perceived as one moment.

Age-related changes in the flow of subjective time are also known. One person internally lives faster, due to this he feels older than he really is, the other - slower, so even in adulthood it seems to him that everything is still ahead, that he is just beginning to live and will have time to do a lot.

We may also encounter some paradoxes of time, when, for example, getting into a place or meeting certain people, it seems to us that it has already happened, or, conversely, getting into a well-known place, it seems to us that we see it We are starting to study it for the first time and with interest.

Contents of the inner world. So, the inner world has its own internal space, subjective internal time. Who “lives” in this space and time? And each of us lives there, our personality, our Self, which, thanks to reflection, has unity and plurality at the same time. Thus, the content of our world is the psyche as a whole, consciousness and the unconscious. It is extremely difficult to structure this content; each of us learns it independently: consciously and intuitively. At the same time, attempts are being made in psychology to identify some leading structural elements in this content. Let us again refer to the theoretical and experimental studies of T.N. Berezina. The author notes: on the one hand, the inner world is subjective and includes our thoughts, feelings, experiences, dreams, dreams and much more; on the other hand, it is social, since it includes images of other people, their actions and deeds. The inner world of a person, that is, his thoughts, fantasies, dreams, exists either in a sensory-figurative form, or in the form of a thought, clothed in the form of inner speech, or, most often, in a combination of both. A way of existence is a monologue or dialogue: with oneself, with others, telling another about the events that are happening to you, a complex dialogue - one’s own Self is presented through the eyes of another.

With the help of a special study, the seven most common states of ours, characterizing our inner life, were identified.

“Self-expressions of the Self” - a person’s thoughts about himself, attributed to the present time; features of the state are monological thinking (monologue) and the predominance of the pronoun “I” in internal speech.
“Thinking about something else” - characterized by dialogue, the predominance of the pronoun “You”. This state is characterized by self-approval, but mental self-criticism is possible.
“Non-objectivity of mental images” - the other or Others are imagined in an abstract form and exist, as it were, in the head. The subject is focused on himself, his strengths, shortcomings are rejected.
“Planning the future” is a state in which a person comprehends his prospects, plans for the future, sets certain goals, and reflects on the problems of their implementation.
“Fixation on an obstacle” - is characterized by the fact that a person, fixating on obstacles and difficulties, feels loneliness (“no one needs anyone”), and rejects the possibility of interaction in resolving a difficult situation.
“Sensory perception of the world” - all images are presented very brightly, in contrast, thoughts are voiced (thoughts in the form of voices).
“Fantasy” is the most creative state, where any goals seem achievable, while obstacles are considered insignificant (“There is no such hopeless situation from which a way out cannot be found”). The person presents himself as strong and active, capable of reaching any heights.

So, we tried to show that the inner world of a person, or subjective reality, is closely connected with the external world and is its reflection in a specific individualized form, introducing one’s own “vision” and one’s “bias” through one’s own activity. It has a spatio-temporal structure and exists in sensory-imaginative and mental form, enlivened by monologue and dialogue that a person conducts with himself, real or imaginary people, plans his future, praises or scolds himself and others, fantasizes and much more.