For which the non-commissioned officer was immediately awarded all degrees of the St. George Cross.
The Order of St. George, or St. George's Cross, was highest award for privates and non-commissioned officers of the tsarist army. It could only be received for exceptional merit and valor. The award had several degrees, and a full Knight of St. George was rare.
In 1915, the telephone operator of the 148th Caspian Infantry Regiment, Alexei Danilovich Makukha, was awarded all degrees at once, and his name appeared on the pages of newspapers and magazines. For many soldiers, he became an example of perseverance and a true national hero.
On the fronts of the First World War
There was an exhausting positional war going on. Russian troops had already held the territories occupied during the Battle of Galicia for several months. The Austrians stormed the fortifications of the Caspian Regiment over and over again. Among the defenders was Private Alexey Makukha.
On March 21, 1915, during the fighting in Bukovina, the enemy carried out a massive artillery barrage and launched an offensive. The Austrians managed to capture one of the Russian fortifications. The wounded Alexei Makukha was captured and interrogated.
The Austrians hoped that the telephone operator, who heard the command's conversations, had important information about the location of the Russian troops. Threats failed to force the captured soldier to reveal military secrets, and the Austrian officers turned to physical torture.
“The officers knocked him to the ground prone and twisted his arms behind his back. Then one of them sat on him, and the other, turning his head back, opened his mouth with a dagger-bayonet and, stretching out his tongue with his hand, cut him twice with this dagger. Blood gushed from Makukha’s mouth and nose,” the weekly magazine Iskra described what happened in 1915.
Liberation and glory
The cut-up telephone operator could no longer tell his captors anything, and they lost interest in him. At this time, the counter-offensive of Russian troops began. The Austrians were driven out of the newly occupied fortification by a bayonet attack. Private Makukha was found lying in blood and handed over to the orderlies. In the infirmary they sewed on his tongue, which was dangling on a thin piece of skin, and then sent him to the hospital.
It was precisely such cases that the front-line press sought to inspire the soldiers. When newspapers wrote about Alexei Makukha’s feat, a wave of popular indignation arose. The people were indignant at the atrocities committed by representatives of a cultural nation. Fame came to the telephone operator.
Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich promoted him to junior non-commissioned officer and ordered to award him with all degrees of the St. George Cross.
Besides, Grand Duke asked Emperor Nicholas II to grant the telephone operator a double pension as an exception. The Emperor supported the proposal, and after leaving service Makukha was entitled to a pension in the amount of 518 rubles and 40 kopecks per year.
The Petrograd clergy presented the hero with an icon of St. Alexis the Man of God, and photographers from popular publications asked him to pose with crosses on his chest and his tongue hanging out. Gradually the telephone operator recovered and after a few months he could speak in a whisper. How did it turn out further fate, history is silent.
However, Makukha was not the only hero who survived captivity and a terrible interrogation. Newspapers of that time reported on the corporal of the Kharkov convoy team Vasily Vodyan, whom the Germans captured in April 1915. During interrogation, his ears and tongue were cut off. Junior constable Ivan Pichuev had stripes cut out from his legs with a knife and his tongue was also cut out. The Germans tortured senior officer Ivan Zinoviev with electric current and hot iron.
THE COMMANDER WHO HAS NOT LOST A SINGLE BATTLE
Russia has always been famous for its commanders. But the name of Ivan Paskevich stands apart. During his life, he won four military campaigns (Persian, Turkish, Polish and Hungarian) without losing a single battle.
Darling of fate
In 1827, a commemorative medal “For the Capture of Tabriz” was cast. On it, a group of Persian elders bows with respect before a Russian warrior holding a spear in his right hand and a shield in his left. This is how the sculptor Fyodor Tolstoy depicted Ivan Fedorovich Paskevich, who in the 19th century was a symbol of the valor and invincibility of Russian weapons.
Last but not least, Paskevich was helped to achieve recognition by his character traits: on the one hand, slowness and prudence, on the other, determination and ruthlessness. They seemed to balance each other, creating the image of an ideal commander.
Fortune smiled on the young officer from the first days of his service. Ranks and orders stuck to him, and bullets and cannonballs flew past. During Patriotic War In 1812, luck and talents helped the 30-year-old major general distinguish himself in the most important battles of Borodino, Saltanovka, Maloyaroslavets and Smolensk.
After the war, Paskevich was given command of the First Guards Division, where among his subordinates were the Grand Dukes Mikhail Pavlovich and Nikolai Pavlovich - later Emperor Nicholas I. This played a role in the further career of the military leader and his relationship with the Tsar.
Paskevich first met Nikolai Pavlovich back in defeated Paris. During a review of the troops, Alexander I unexpectedly introduced the commander to his younger brother: “Meet one of the best generals of my army, whom I have not yet had time to thank for his excellent service.” In correspondence until the end of his life, Nicholas I would respectfully call Paskevich “father commander.”
Count of Erivan
The year 1826 prepares new trials for Ivan Paskevich. Sending the loyal general to the Caucasus, Nicholas I officially asks him to assist Alexei Ermolov, but in fact plans to remove the wayward “proconsul”. The management of the Caucasus and the outbreak of war with Persia required a person with such characteristics as Paskevich.
On September 3, 1826, Valerian Madatov occupied Elizavetpol. It is to him that Paskevich hurries to help, since Abbas Mirza’s huge army has moved to liberate the city. The general battle began on September 14 with an artillery exchange.
Under the cover of artillery, Persian infantry battalions moved forward towards the grenadier regiments, while simultaneously pushing back the ranks of Cossack and Azerbaijani militias. They retreated, and the inspired Persians did not notice how they fell into a trap - a large ravine, where they were forced to stop.
The main forces of the Russians immediately attacked the Persians and by the evening they were completely defeated.
The brilliant victory of the 10,000-strong corps under the command of Paskevich over the 35,000-strong army of Abbas Mirza placed this battle among Suvorov’s legendary victories.
Later, Paskevich took a stronghold - the Erivan fortress, which did not submit to either Gudovich or Tsitsianov. “The destruction of hell would not have the same price for sinners as the capture of the Erivan fortress for the Armenians,” glorifies the feat of the Russian general Khachatur Abovyan.
Before the Russian-Persian battles had died down, the newly created Count Paskevich-Erivansky was preparing for a new challenge - a war with the Ottoman Porte. In June 1828, he was forced to besiege the Kars fortress, under whose walls he defeated the Turkish cavalry. Considered impregnable by the British, the fortress surrendered with big amount guns and gunpowder.
When Paskevich approached Erzurum, the city of 100,000 people in a panic chose to open the gates. And then the fortresses of Akhalkalaki, Poti, Khertvis, Akhaltsikhe fell. During the capture of Akhaltsikhe, even the 30,000-strong Turkish corps that came to defend its walls did not help.
The state did not remain in debt and awarded Paskevich with the Orders of St. Andrew the First-Called and St. George, 1st degree.
Rebellious Europe
In 1830 Poland rebelled. The Polish elite wanted to return to the borders of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and the people protested against foreign power. The constitution granted earlier by Alexander I allowed the Poles to have their own army, and now the tsar’s good intentions became an indirect reason for the ongoing Russian-Polish war.
General Diebitsch's attempt to suppress the uprising failed desired result. A harsh winter and Diebitsch's death from cholera allowed the uprising to grow. Predictably, Paskevich was sent to suppress the rebellion.
The field marshal, in the spirit of his best victories, flawlessly besieged Warsaw, and a day later, on August 26, 1831, the Polish capital capitulated - exactly on the day of the 19th anniversary of the Battle of Borodino.
The field marshal quickly restores order: “Warsaw is at your feet, Polish army on my orders, he goes to Polotsk,” he reports to the emperor. The war soon ended, but it took 8 months to restore the destroyed Polish cities.
“There is a law, there is a force, and even more so there is a constant, strong will,” he wrote to Nikolai another time. Paskevich, the new governor of the Kingdom of Poland, is guided by this rule in the arrangement of the post-war country. He is concerned not only with the army, but also with civil problems - education, the situation of peasants, improving roads.
A new wave of revolutions swept across Europe in the late 1840s. Now Paskevich is needed in Hungary - the Austrian government made this request to him.
Having made a difficult transition through the Carpathians, on June 5, 1849, Paskevich was preparing to put an end to the rebels with one maneuver. “Don’t be sorry for the waste!” Nicholas I admonished him.
The denouement came quickly, and the 30,000-strong Hungarian army surrendered to the mercy of the winner. Karl Nesselrode wrote: “Austria must forever remember the service rendered to it by Russia in 1849.” Paskevich then received the rank of Field Marshal of Prussia and Austria.
In a blaze of glory
In the Crimean War, which broke out in 1853, in which Russia was opposed by several states at once, Paskevich no longer took such an active part as before, but his balanced position and strategic foresight helped the empire preserve its eastern possessions.
“Everywhere is Russia, where Russian weapons rule,” said Paskevich. He not only declared, but also proved it with his military victories. The popularity of the commander was enormous - both among the people and among military and civilian officials.
“Well done, Erivan grip! Here is the Russian general! These are Suvorov's habits! Suvorov is resurrected! Give him an army, he would surely take Constantinople,” this is how Griboyedov conveyed the enthusiastic reaction of the masses.
Paskevich's influence on Russian military policy is difficult to overestimate. Any selection of candidates for positions from regiment commander to corps commander was coordinated with him. By the 1840s, Paskevich commanded four infantry corps - the core ground forces empires. At the behest of Nicholas I, the general received from the troops the same honors as himself.
He was held in high esteem not only in his homeland. As the historian V.A. Potto wrote, “the Persian Shah sent Paskevich diamond signs of the Order of the Lion and the Sun on a diamond chain worth sixty thousand rubles, so that this order would hereditarily pass into the Paskevich family.”
Paskevich became the fourth and last cavalier in the history of Russia to be awarded all four degrees of the Order of St. George, and his military path was so long that he managed to capture four emperors. Paskevich was in the rays of glory. Even the aging commander enjoyed the unlimited trust of the emperor. When at the beginning of 1856 Ivan Paskevich passed away throughout the army and a 9-day mourning was declared in the Kingdom of Poland.
This is how the “downtrodden” Russian soldiers fought, defending “rotten tsarism,” until the revolution disintegrated the exhausted and tired army. It was they who held back the terrible blow of the German military machine, preserving the very possibility of the country’s existence. And not only yours. “If France was not wiped off the face of Europe, then first of all we owe this to Russia,” the Supreme Commander later said allied forces Marshal Foch.
In Russia at that time, the names of the defenders of the Osovets fortress were known to almost everyone. This is whose feat to cultivate patriotism, isn’t it? But when Soviet power Only army engineers were supposed to know about the defense of Osovets, and even then, exclusively in utilitarian technical section. The name of the commandant of the fortress was erased from history: not only was Nikolai Brzhozovsky a “tsarist” general, but he also later fought in the ranks of the Whites. After the Second World War, the history of the defense of Osovets was completely transferred to the category of forbidden: comparisons with the events of 1941 were too unflattering.
Russian soldier on duty.
By the end of August 1915, due to changes in Western Front, the strategic need for the defense of the Osovets fortress lost all meaning. In connection with this, the high command of the Russian army decided to stop defensive battles and evacuate the fortress garrison. In 1918, the ruins of the heroic fortress became part of independent Poland. Beginning in the 1920s, the Polish leadership included Osowiec in its system of defense fortifications. Full-scale restoration and reconstruction of the fortress began. The barracks were restored, as well as the removal of rubble that interfered with the further progress of work.
While sorting out the rubble, near one of the forts, the soldiers came across a stone vault underground tunnel. The work began with excitement and quite quickly a wide hole was made. Encouraged by his comrades, the non-commissioned officer descended into the yawning darkness. A burning torch tore out damp old masonry and pieces of plaster underfoot from the pitch darkness.
And then something incredible happened.
Before the non-commissioned officer had time to take a few steps, a firm and menacing shout echoed from somewhere in the dark depths of the tunnel:
-Stop! Who goes?
The non-commissioned officer was dumbfounded. “Matka Boska,” the soldier crossed himself and rushed upstairs.
And as expected, at the top, he received a due beating from the officer for cowardice and stupid inventions. Having ordered the non-commissioned officer to follow him, the officer himself went down into the dungeon. And again, as soon as the Poles moved along the damp and dark tunnel, from somewhere in front, from the impenetrable black darkness, a shout sounded just as menacingly and demandingly:
-Stop! Who goes?
Following this, in the ensuing silence, the bolt of a rifle clearly clanged. Instinctively, the soldier hid behind the officer. Having thought and rightly judged that evil spirits would hardly have armed themselves with a rifle, the officer, who spoke Russian well, called out to the invisible soldier and explained who he was and why he had come. At the end, he asked who his mysterious interlocutor was and what he was doing underground.
The Pole expected everything, but not this answer:
- I, a sentry, am assigned here to guard the warehouse.
The officer's consciousness refused to accept such a simple answer. But, nevertheless, pulling himself together, he continued the negotiations.
“Can I come up,” the Pole asked excitedly.
- No! - came sternly from the darkness. - I cannot allow anyone into the dungeon until I am replaced at my post.
Then the stunned officer asked if the sentry knew how long he had been here underground.
“Yes, I know,” came the answer. - I took up my post nine years ago, in August of one thousand nine hundred and fifteen. It seemed like a dream, an absurd fantasy, but there, in the darkness of the tunnel, there was a living person, a Russian soldier who had stood guard on guard for nine years without a break. And what’s most incredible is that he did not rush to people, perhaps enemies, but still, people with whom he had been deprived of company for nine whole years, with a desperate plea to release him from his terrible imprisonment. No, he remained faithful to his oath and military duty and was ready to defend the post entrusted to him to the end. Carrying out his service in strict accordance with the military regulations, the sentry declared that he could only be removed from his post by the guard, and if he was not there, then by the “sovereign emperor.”
Long negotiations began. The sentry was explained what had happened on earth during these nine years, and was told that the tsarist army in which he served no longer existed. There is not even the king himself, not to mention the breeder. And the territory he protects now belongs to Poland. After a long silence, the soldier asked who was in charge in Poland, and, learning that it was the president, demanded his order. Only when Pilsudski's telegram was read to him did the sentry agree to leave his post.
Polish soldiers helped him climb up to the summer land, bathed in bright sunshine. But before they had time to look at this man, the sentry screamed loudly, covering his face with his hands. Only then did the Poles remember that he had spent nine years in complete darkness and that they had to blindfold him before taking him outside. Now it was too late - the soldier, unaccustomed to sunlight, went blind.
They somehow calmed him down, promising to show him to good doctors. Closely surrounding him, the Polish soldiers looked at this unusual sentry with respectful surprise.
Thick dark hair fell in long, dirty tufts over his shoulders and down his back, down below his waist. A wide black beard fell to his knees, and his already sightless eyes only stood out on his hair-overgrown face. But this underground Robinson was dressed in a good overcoat with shoulder straps, and he had almost new boots on his feet. One of the soldiers noticed the sentry’s rifle, and the officer took it from the Russian’s hands, although he clearly reluctantly parted with the weapon. Exchanging exclamations of surprise and shaking their heads, the Poles examined this rifle.
It was an ordinary Russian three-ruler model of 1891. The only thing surprising was her appearance. It seemed as if it had been taken just a few minutes ago from a pyramid in a model soldier's barracks: it was carefully cleaned, and the bolt and barrel were carefully oiled. The cartridge clips in the pouch on the sentry's belt were in the same order. The cartridges also shone with grease, and their number was exactly the same as the guard commander had given them to the soldier nine years ago, when he took up his post. Polish officer I was curious about what the soldier lubricated his weapon with.
“I ate canned food that is stored in the warehouse,” he answered, “and lubricated the rifle and cartridges with oil.”
The soldier was offered to stay in Poland, but he was impatiently eager to return to his homeland, although his homeland was no longer the same and had a different name. Soviet Union met the soldier of the tsarist army more than modestly. And his feat remained unsung, because, according to ideologists, there was no new country, places for exploits in the tsarist army. After all, only soviet man could perform a feat. A real feat real person turned into a legend. Into a legend that did not preserve the main thing - the name of the hero.
| Updated 05 Jan 2019. Created May 02, 2014 | |||||||||
Tamara, G.K. Zhukov are also from the common people, not from the oligarchs.
So you answered Andromeda that you have already divided the Ukrainian people. Who exactly divided it??? And what ideas did some have and what ideas did others share with these people??
Or do you think that WWII Veterans in Ukraine should obey new rules and new laws, where St. George Ribbon prohibited?! Those. silently watch as old nits from the Sonderkommando march through the streets of Kiev, who took part in mass executions and their descendants with swastikas should spit on the graves of our WWII soldiers, burn civilians in Odessa, and in your opinion we should watch this in silence???
About ideas in countries. In Denmark there are already municipal areas where banal Christmas trees in squares are prohibited, where people, indigenous residents of Denmark, are prohibited from decorating their windows with Christmas garlands, only because these municipal communities are headed by Muslims.
Tamara, do you want to live on your territory, on the land of your ancestors, obeying the rules of those who lived and grew up with their ideology in Arab countries, the countries of the Middle East and Asian countries???
Tamara, do you think that our weapons should be locked and we should calmly watch as Syrian Christians, who pray only for Russia, are killed?
You look at the video footage of the mass executions of these non-humans ISIS/Daesh, type one word in YouTube - ISIS
Just look and think about the fact that ordinary peaceful citizens lived their lives (with or without oligarchs), and nonhumans broke into them, men immediately began to be slaughtered, women were captured and abused, children began to be trained as suicide bombers, zombified with drugs, etc. .d. and so on.
Should Russians really look at all this calmly, while in Syria half of the citizens are Christians? Yulia (Moscow) is absolutely right when she wrote a historical note.
Tamara, think about whether it’s possible to calmly contemplate all this bacchanalia with the idea of a world caliphate and allow it on our territory, where people are already being blown up in the subway, train stations and squares.
The army should be professional and professionals should go there to serve; those who don’t want to, please work for the good of the country and yourself.
IN this moment our Army is not weak, thanks to guys like Roman and many other living guys who did not return from the battlefield and carry out the mission of a soldier-liberator.
Arguing that the oligarchs are to blame for everything and that there should be no wars is a sound thrown into the void.
If everyone is so smart, then send off the data of those very “MANAGERS” of world domination who hold everything in their hands and manipulate everyone. Send this data to OUR GUYS at the bases, then they will quickly stop all wars combined and put an end to all conflicts and terrorists...
Tamara, it's not that simple. Ask living WWII Veterans whether Russia is doing the right thing now. I have no doubt that they will answer - Everything is correct!
It's only the beginning?!
Pravoslavie.fm is an Orthodox, patriotic, family-oriented portal and therefore offers readers the top 10 amazing feats of the Russian army. The top does not include […]
Pravoslavie.fm is an Orthodox, patriotic, family-oriented portal and therefore offers readers the top 10 amazing feats of the Russian army.
The top does not include single exploits of Russian soldiers like captain Nikolai Gastello, sailor Pyotr Koshka, warrior Mercury Smolensky or staff captain Pyotr Nesterov, because with the level of mass heroism that has always distinguished the Russian army, it is absolutely impossible to determine the top ten best warriors. They are all equally great.
Places in the top are not distributed, since the feats described belong to different eras and it is not entirely correct to compare them with each other, but they all have one thing in common - shining example triumph of the spirit of the Russian army.
- The feat of the squad of Evpatiy Kolovrat (1238).
Evpatiy Kolovrat is a native of Ryazan; there is not much information about him, and it is contradictory. Some sources say that he was a local governor, others - a boyar.
News came from the steppe that the Tatars were marching against Rus'. First on their way lay Ryazan. Realizing that the Ryazan residents did not have enough of their own forces to successfully defend the city, the prince sent Evpatiy Kolovrat to seek help in neighboring principalities.
Kolovrat left for Chernigov, where he was overtaken by the news of the destruction of his native land by the Mongols. Without hesitating for a minute, Kolovrat and his small squad hurriedly moved towards Ryazan.
Unfortunately, he found the city already devastated and burned. Seeing the ruins, he gathered those who could fight and, with an army of about 1,700 people, rushed in pursuit of Batu’s entire horde (about 300,000 soldiers).
Having overtaken the Tatars in the vicinity of Suzdal, he gave battle to the enemy. Despite the small number of the detachment, the Russians managed to crush the Tatar rearguard with a surprise attack.
Batu was very stunned by this frantic attack. Khan had to throw his best parts into battle. Batu asked to bring Kolovrat to him alive, but Evpatiy did not give up and bravely fought with an enemy outnumbered.
Then Batu sent a parliamentarian to Evpatiy to ask what the Russian soldiers want? Evpatiy answered - “just die”! The fight continued. As a result, the Mongols, who were afraid to approach the Russians, had to use catapults and only in this way were they able to defeat Kolovrat’s squad.
Khan Batu, amazed by the courage and heroism of the Russian warrior, gave Evpatiy’s body to his squad. For their courage, Batu ordered the rest of the soldiers to be released without harming them.
The feat of Evpatiy Kolovrat is described in the ancient Russian “Tale of the Ruin of Ryazan by Batu.”
- Suvorov's crossing of the Alps (1799).
In 1799, Russian troops who participated in battles with the French in Northern Italy as part of the Second Anti-French Coalition were recalled home. However, on the way home, Russian troops were supposed to assist Rimsky-Korsakov's corps and defeat the French in Switzerland.
For this purpose, the army was led by Generalissimo Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov. together with the convoy, artillery and the wounded, she made an unprecedented transition through the Alpine passes.
During the campaign, Suvorov's army fought through St. Gotthard and the Devil's Bridge and made the transition from the Reuss Valley to the Muten Valley, where it was surrounded. However, in the battle in the Muten Valley, where she defeated the French army and broke out of encirclement, she then crossed the snow-covered, inaccessible Ringenkopf (Panix) pass and headed towards Russia through the city of Chur.
During the battle for the Devil's Bridge, the French managed to damage the span and bridge the gap. Russian soldiers, under fire, tied the boards of a barn nearby with scarves of officers and went into battle along them. And while overcoming one of the passes, in order to knock the French down from a height, several dozen volunteers, without any climbing equipment, climbed a steep cliff to the top of the pass and hit the French in the rear.
The son of Emperor Paul I, Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich, took part in this campaign under the command of Suvorov as an ordinary soldier.
- Defense Brest Fortress(1941).
The Brest Fortress was built by the Russian military in 1836-42 and consisted of a citadel and three fortifications that protected it. Later it was modernized several times, became the property of Poland and again returned to Russia.
By the beginning of June 1941, units of two Red Banner rifle divisions of the Red Banner and 42nd Rifle Divisions and several small units were located on the territory of the fortress. In total, by the morning of June 22, there were about 9,000 people in the fortress.
The Germans decided in advance that the Brest Fortress, located on the border with the USSR and therefore chosen as one of the targets of the first strike, would have to be taken only by infantry - without tanks. Their use was hampered by forests, swamps, river channels and canals surrounding the fortress. German strategists gave the 45th division (17,000 people) no more than eight hours to capture the fortress.
Despite the surprise attack, the garrison gave the Germans a tough rebuff. The report said: “The Russians are resisting fiercely, especially behind our attacking companies. In the Citadel, the enemy organized a defense with infantry units supported by 35-40 tanks and armored vehicles. The fire of Russian snipers led to heavy losses among officers and non-commissioned officers." For one day on June 22, 1941, the 45th infantry division Only 21 officers and 290 lower ranks were killed.
On June 23, at 5:00, the Germans began shelling the Citadel, while trying not to hit their soldiers blocked in the church. On the same day, tanks were used for the first time against the defenders of the Brest Fortress.
On June 26, on the North Island, German sappers blew up the wall of the political school building. 450 prisoners were taken there. The East Fort remained the main center of resistance on the North Island. On June 27, 20 commanders and 370 soldiers from the 393rd anti-aircraft battalion of the 42nd defended there. rifle division led by the commander of the 44th Infantry Regiment, Major Pyotr Gavrilov.
On June 28, two German tanks and several self-propelled guns returning from repairs to the front continued to fire at the East Fort on the North Island. However, this did not bring visible results, and the commander of the 45th division turned to the Luftwaffe for support.
On June 29 at 8:00 a.m., a German bomber dropped a 500-kilogram bomb on the Eastern Fort. Then another 500 kg bomb was dropped and finally an 1800 kg bomb. The fort was practically destroyed.
However, a small group of fighters led by Gavrilov continued to fight in the Eastern Fort. The major was captured only on July 23. Residents of Brest said that until the end of July or even until the first days of August, shooting was heard from the fortress and the Nazis brought their wounded officers and soldiers from there to the city where the German army hospital was located.
However, the official date for the end of the defense of the Brest Fortress is considered to be July 20, based on the inscription that was discovered in the barracks of the 132nd separate battalion NKVD escort troops: “I’m dying, but I’m not giving up. Goodbye, Motherland. 20/VII-41".
- Campaigns of Kotlyarevsky's troops during the Russian-Persian wars of 1799-1813.
All the exploits of the troops of General Pyotr Kotlyarevsky are so amazing that it is difficult to choose the best, so we will present them all:
In 1804, Kotlyarevsky with 600 soldiers and 2 guns fought off Abbas Mirza’s 20,000 soldiers for 2 days in an old cemetery. 257 soldiers and almost all of Kotlyarevsky’s officers died. There were many wounded.
Then Kotlyarevsky, wrapping the wheels of the cannons with rags, made his way through the besiegers’ camp at night, stormed the nearby Shah-Bulakh fortress, knocking out the Persian garrison of 400 people, and settled in it.
For 13 days he fought off the corps of 8,000 Persians besieging the fortress, and then at night he lowered his guns down the wall and left with a detachment to the Mukhrat fortress, which he also took by storm, knocking out the Persians from there too, and again prepared for defense.
To pull the cannons through the deep ditch during the second march, four soldiers volunteered to fill it with their bodies. Two were crushed to death, and two continued the hike.
In Mukhrat, the Russian army came to the rescue of Kotlyarevsky’s battalion. In this operation and during the capture of the Ganja fortress a little earlier, Kotlyarevsky was wounded four times, but remained in service.
In 1806, in the field battle of Khonashin, 1644 soldiers of Major Kotlyarevsky defeated the 20,000-strong army of Abbas Mirza. In 1810, Abbas Mirza again marched with troops against Russia. Kotlyarevsky took 400 rangers and 40 horsemen and set out to meet them.
“On the way,” he stormed the Migri fortress, defeating a 2,000-strong garrison, and captured 5 artillery batteries. Having waited for 2 companies of reinforcements, the colonel took battle with the Shah’s 10,000 Persians and forced him to retreat to the Araks River. Taking 460 infantry and 20 mounted Cossacks, the colonel destroyed Abbas Mirza's 10,000-strong detachment, losing 4 Russian soldiers killed.
In 1811, Kotlyarevsky became a major general, crossing the impregnable Gorny ridge with 2 battalions and a hundred Cossacks and storming the Akhalkalak fortress. The British sent the Persians money and weapons for 12,000 soldiers. Then Kotlyarevsky went on a campaign and stormed the Kara-Kakh fortress, where military warehouses were located.
In 1812, in the field battle of Aslanduz, 2,000 Kotlyarevsky soldiers with 6 guns defeated the entire army of Abbas Mirza of 30,000 people.
By 1813, the British rebuilt the Lankaran fortress for the Persians according to advanced European models. Kotlyarevsky took the fortress by storm, having only 1,759 people against a 4,000-strong garrison and during the attack almost completely destroyed the defenders. Thanks to this victory, Persia sued for peace.
- Capture of Izmail by Suvorov (1790).
The Turkish fortress of Izmail, which covered the Danube crossings, was built by French and English engineers for the Ottomans. Suvorov himself believed that this was “a fortress without weak points.”
However, having arrived near Izmail on December 13, Suvorov spent six days actively preparing for the assault, including training troops to storm models of the high fortress walls of Izmail.
Near Izmail, in the area of the current village of Safyany in as soon as possible earthen and wooden analogues of the moat and walls of Izmail were built - the soldiers trained to throw fascist weapons into the moat, quickly set up ladders, and after climbing the wall they quickly stabbed and chopped down the stuffed animals installed there, simulating defenders.
For two days, Suvorov conducted artillery preparation with field guns and cannons of the rowing flotilla ships; on December 22, at 5:30 a.m., the assault on the fortress began. Resistance on the city streets lasted until 16:00.
The attacking troops were divided into 3 detachments (wings) of 3 columns each. Major General de Ribas's detachment (9,000 people) attacked from the river side; the right wing under the command of Lieutenant General P. S. Potemkin (7,500 people) was supposed to strike from the western part of the fortress; the left wing of Lieutenant General A. N. Samoilov (12,000 people) - from the east. Brigadier Westphalen's cavalry reserves (2,500 men) were on the land side. In total, Suvorov's army numbered 31,000 people.
Turkish losses amounted to 29,000 killed. 9 thousand were captured. Of the entire garrison, only one person escaped. Slightly wounded, he fell into the water and swam across the Danube on a log.
The losses of the Russian army amounted to 4 thousand people killed and 6 thousand wounded. All 265 guns, 400 banners, huge reserves of provisions and jewelry worth 10 million piastres were captured. M. was appointed commandant of the fortress. I. Kutuzov, future famous commander, winner of Napoleon.
The conquest of Ishmael was of great political significance. It influenced the further course of the war and the conclusion of the Peace of Iasi between Russia and Turkey in 1792, which confirmed the annexation of Crimea to Russia and established the Russian-Turkish border along the Dniester River. Thus, the entire northern Black Sea region from the Dniester to the Kuban was assigned to Russia.
Andrey Szegeda
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On February 3, Romanov received the task of performing an introductory flight, - Colonel of the Russian Aerospace Forces, commander of the mixed aviation regiment Alexander Petrov told Andrei Malakhov in Syria. - Behind him, at a distance of 150 - 200 meters, his wingman flew. There was some cloudiness, which prevented inspection of the given area. The pilot decided to go beyond the clouds. And then the wingman observed the trail of the fired rocket. Novel in a calm voice said: “Yes, they hit me, and they hit me seriously.” Having assessed the condition of the plane, Roman realized that both engines had failed and decided to eject. Our plane was shot down by mercenary fighters armed with NATO MANPADS, trained and sponsored by the United States. Next they were going to persuade Roman to publicly betray Russia or, in order to intimidate the Russians, the Russian people, to tear our pilot to pieces in front of cameras. That's what they filmed for. By order of the US military. Pentagon military leaders love to shoot Russians in public and post them on the Internet...
The guests in the studio agreed that the video recorded by the mercenaries on the phone and last words hero, give special poignancy to the experiences. On the phrase “This is for the boys!” a new generation will grow up for which life values the main thing will not be glamor and money, but the Russian Fatherland.
From the program: “It seems we are fighting on the wrong side.” Why did footage from Syria make the British question London's policies? A school in Voronezh now bears the name of Roman Filipov. How did teachers and classmates remember him? The answers are on “Live”. These are the questions they ask.
But the questions are completely logical: Who and why filmed the last minutes of the surrounded Roman’s life on the phone? Who provided the terrorists with the MANPADS that shot down our pilot? What are US troops doing in Syria without an invitation? How to prevent the death of our guys in the future? Why doesn’t Russia set the task of liberating Syria from foreign interventionists? But there are no answers - in “Live” the real questions themselves are not asked on externally controlled Russian television. Moreover, the interrogation was carried out in live: “Should Roman have given up or not?!”
In loving memory of the pilot of the Su-25SM attack aircraft
Major Roman Filipov
The downed 25th is burning on the slope -
A fragment of the Motherland among the Syrian rocks...
Three magazines, APS, grenade -
And this is my entire formidable arsenal.
They hit in bursts - not aiming:
Apparently, they have nowhere to put the cartridges.
But the enemies are unaware that the OFFICER
They cannot take a living prisoner.
I snap back with a shot and obscenities -
This is the tactic... A minute's smoke break...
Already ready to blow up a grenade -
If only I had time to pull the pin...
It's a shame, yes... I won't hide my sin:
There is so much more I would like to do...
But here, now, behind the rocky pile,
I know for sure, brothers: WE WILL LIVE!!!
A pack of bearded men flashes closer,
Lost their sense of smell... Stumbled by accident...
Now it's my grenade's turn...
BACK TO THE SKY... MOTHERLAND FAREWELL!
