AGREEMENT FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF GLOBAL TECHNICAL REGULATIONS FOR WHEELED VEHICLES, EQUIPMENT AND PARTS WHICH MAY BE INSTALLED AND/OR USED ON WHEELED VEHICLES (Geneva, 25 June 1998) Preamble Contracting Parties, Having decided to adopt an Agreement to initiate a process to stimulate the development of global technical regulations ensuring high levels of performance of wheeled vehicles, equipment and parts that can be installed and/or used on wheeled vehicles in the areas of safety, environmental protection, energy efficiency and anti-theft protection; Having decided that such a process should also facilitate the harmonization of existing technical regulations, recognizing the right of supranational, national and regional authorities to adopt and update technical regulations in the areas of health, safety, environment, energy efficiency and anti-theft that are more stringent in nature than the rules imposed at the global level; authorized to enter into such an Agreement in accordance with paragraph 1(a) of the UNECE Terms of Reference and Rule 50 contained in Chapter XIII of the UNECE Rules of Procedure; Recognizing that this Agreement is without prejudice to the rights and obligations of a Contracting Party under existing international agreements in the field of health, safety and the environment; Recognizing that this Agreement is without prejudice to the rights and obligations of a Contracting Party under agreements under the World Trade Organization (WTO), including the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), and seeking to establish global technical rules under this Agreement as a basis its technical rules so that they are consistent with these agreements; Considering it desirable that the Contracting Parties to this Agreement use the global technical regulations established pursuant to this Agreement as the basis for their technical regulations; Recognizing the importance of continuous improvement efforts and commitment to ensuring high levels of performance of wheeled vehicles, equipment and parts that can be installed and/or used on wheeled vehicles in the areas of safety, environmental protection, energy efficiency and protection from hijacking to public health, safety and welfare and the potential implications of the increasing convergence of existing and future technical regulations and associated standards for international trade, consumer choice and product availability; Recognizing that Governments have the right to seek and implement improved levels of health, environmental and safety protection, and to determine whether global technical regulations established under this Agreement are appropriate to their needs; Recognizing the important harmonization work already undertaken under the 1958 Agreement; Recognizing the interest and experience that exists in various geographic regions in relation to security, environmental, energy and anti-theft issues and how to address these issues, and the relevance of this interest and experience for the development of global technical regulations to help achieve the objectives of such improvement, and minimizing discrepancies; Desiring to promote the adoption of established global technical regulations in developing countries, taking into account the special problems and conditions in those countries, in particular the least developed ones; Desiring that the technical regulations applied by Contracting Parties are subject to due consideration, through transparent procedures, in the development of global technical regulations and that the results of comparative analyzes of benefits and cost-effectiveness are taken into account; Recognizing that the introduction of global technical rules that provide high levels of protection will encourage individual countries to understand that these rules will provide the necessary protection and performance within their jurisdiction; Recognizing the impact of the quality of automotive fuels on the effectiveness of vehicle environmental control, human health and fuel efficiency; and recognizing that the use of transparent procedures is of particular importance for the development of global technical regulations under this Agreement and that this development process should be consistent with the rule development processes of the Contracting Parties to this Agreement; have agreed on the following: Article 1 Purpose 1.1. The purpose of this Agreement is to: 1.1.1. ensuring the global process, in
Ratify the Agreement establishing global technical regulations for wheeled vehicles, equipment and parts which may be fitted and/or used on wheeled vehicles, done in Geneva on 25 June 1998.
The president
Republic of Kazakhstan N. Nazarbayev
AGREEMENT
ON THE INTRODUCTION OF GLOBAL TECHNICAL RULES FOR WHEEL VEHICLES
VEHICLES, EQUIPMENT AND PARTS THAT
CAN BE INSTALLED AND/OR USED ON WHEELED VEHICLES
VEHICLES
PREAMBLE
CONTRACTING PARTIES,
HAVING DECIDED to adopt an Agreement to initiate a process to encourage the development of global technical regulations that ensure high levels of safety, environmental and efficiency performance of wheeled vehicles, equipment and parts that can be installed and/or used on wheeled vehicles energy and anti-theft protection;
HAVING DECIDED that such a process should also promote the harmonization of existing technical regulations, recognizing the right of supranational, national and regional authorities to adopt and update technical regulations in the areas of health, safety, environment, energy efficiency and anti-theft that are more stringent in nature than the rules imposed at the global level;
AUTHORIZED to enter into such Agreement in accordance with paragraph 1 (a) of the UNECE Terms of Reference and Rule 50 contained in Chapter XIII of the UNECE Rules of Procedure;
RECOGNIZING that this Agreement is without prejudice to the rights and obligations of a Contracting Party under existing international agreements in the field of health, safety and the environment;
RECOGNIZING that this Agreement is without prejudice to the rights and obligations of a Contracting Party under agreements under the World Trade Organization (WTO), including the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Agreement, and seeking to establish global technical rules under this Agreement as a basis its technical rules so that they are consistent with these agreements;
CONSIDERING THAT IT IS DESIRABLE that the Contracting Parties to this Agreement use the global technical regulations established pursuant to this Agreement as the basis for their technical regulations;
RECOGNIZING the importance of continuous improvement efforts and the pursuit of high levels of performance of wheeled vehicles, equipment and parts that can be installed and/or used on wheeled vehicles in the areas of safety, environmental protection, energy efficiency and protection from hijacking to public health, safety and welfare and the potential implications of the increasing convergence of existing and future technical regulations and associated standards for international trade, consumer choice and product availability;
RECOGNIZING that Governments have the right to seek and implement improved levels of health, environmental and safety protection, and to determine whether global technical regulations established under this Agreement are appropriate to their needs;
RECOGNIZING the important harmonization work already undertaken under the 1958 Agreement;
RECOGNIZING the existing interest and experience in various geographic regions in relation to security, environmental, energy and anti-theft issues and how to address these issues, and the relevance of this interest and experience for the development of global technical regulations to help achieve the objectives of such improvement, and minimizing discrepancies;
DESIROUS of promoting the adoption of established global technical regulations in developing countries, taking into account the special problems and conditions in those countries, in particular the least developed ones;
DESIRING that the technical regulations applied by Contracting Parties be subject to due consideration through transparent procedures in the development of global technical regulations and that the results of comparative analyzes of benefits and cost-effectiveness be taken into account;
RECOGNIZING that the introduction of global technical rules providing high levels of protection will encourage individual countries to understand that these rules will provide the necessary protection and performance within their jurisdiction;
RECOGNIZING the impact of the quality of automotive fuels on the effectiveness of vehicle environmental control, human health and fuel efficiency; And
RECOGNIZING that the use of transparent procedures is of particular importance for the development of global technical regulations under this Agreement and that this development process should be consistent with the rule development processes of the Contracting Parties to this Agreement;
HAVE AGREED as follows:
ARTICLE 1
TARGET
1.1. The purpose of this Agreement is to:
1.1.1. providing a global process in which Contracting Parties from all regions of the world could jointly develop global technical regulations concerning the safety performance of wheeled vehicles, equipment and parts that may be installed and/or used on wheeled vehicles, environmental protection, energy efficiency and anti-theft protection;
1.1.2. ensuring that when developing global technical regulations, due and objective consideration is given to existing technical regulations applied by Contracting Parties, as well as UNECE Regulations;
1.1.3. ensuring, as appropriate, that assessments of best available technology, comparative advantage and cost-effectiveness are objectively taken into account in the development of global technical regulations;
1.1.4. ensuring transparency of the procedures used in the development of global technical regulations;
1.1.5. achieving high levels of performance in the areas of safety, environmental protection, energy efficiency and anti-theft protection within the global community and ensuring that measures taken pursuant to this Agreement do not encourage or cause a reduction in these levels within jurisdiction of the Contracting Parties, including at the supranational level;
1.1.6. reducing technical barriers to international trade through the harmonization of existing technical regulations applied by Contracting Parties and UNECE Regulations and the development of new global technical regulations governing the performance characteristics of wheeled vehicles, equipment and parts that can be installed and/or used on wheeled vehicles means in the field of safety, environmental protection, efficient use of energy and protection against theft and meeting the goals of achieving high levels of safety and environmental protection, as well as other goals listed above; And
1.1.7. ensuring that, where alternative levels of mandatory requirements are needed to facilitate the regulatory activities of some countries, such needs are taken into account in the development and implementation of global technical regulations.
1.2. This Agreement shall operate in parallel with the 1958 Agreement without prejudice to the institutional autonomy of either of them.
ARTICLE 2
CONTRACTING PARTIES AND CONSULTATIVE STATUS
2.1. Contracting parties to this Agreement may be countries that are members of the Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), regional economic integration organizations established by EEC member countries, and countries admitted to participate in the work of the EEC with consultative status in accordance with paragraph 8 of the Regulations on the Circle management of the EEC.
2.2. Countries that are members of the United Nations and participate in certain types of EEC activities in accordance with paragraph 11 of the Regulations on the Terms of Reference of the EEC, and regional economic integration organizations established by such countries may become contracting parties to this Agreement.
2.3. Any specialized agency and any organization, including intergovernmental organizations and non-governmental organizations, to which the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations has granted consultative status, may participate in that capacity in the meetings of any working group when considering any matter of special interest to that agency or organization.
ARTICLE 3
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
3.1. The Executive Committee of this Agreement shall be composed of representatives of the Contracting Parties, who shall meet in this capacity at least once a year.
3.2. The rules of procedure of the Executive Committee are set forth in this Agreement.
3.3. Executive committee:
3.3.1. is responsible for the implementation of this Agreement, including determining priority areas of activity in accordance with this Agreement;
3.3.2. considers all recommendations and reports of working groups concerning the implementation of global technical regulations in accordance with this Agreement; And
3.3.3. performs any other functions that may be necessary under this Agreement.
3.4. The Executive Committee has the authority to make the final decision on the inclusion of rules in the Compendium of Potential Global Technical Rules and to establish global technical rules in accordance with this Agreement.
3.5. The Executive Committee, in carrying out its functions, shall, when it considers it necessary, use information from all relevant sources.
ARTICLE 4
CRITERIA FOR TECHNICAL RULES
4.1. Technical rules included in accordance with Article 5 or introduced on the basis of , must meet the following criteria:
4.1.1. contain a clear description of wheeled vehicles, items of equipment and/or parts that may be installed and/or used on wheeled vehicles to which these rules apply;
4.1.2. contain requirements that:
4.1.2.1. provide a high level of performance in the areas of safety, environmental protection, energy efficiency or anti-theft; And
4.1.2.2. where appropriate, stated in terms of performance characteristics rather than descriptive characteristics;
4.1.3. include:
4.1.3.1. the test method by which compliance with the rules is to be determined;
4.1.3.2. where applicable, for regulations inserted pursuant to Article 5, a clear description of the approval or certification markings and/or marks required for type approval and conformity of production or manufacturer self-certification requirements; And,
4.1.3.3. where applicable, a recommended minimum lead-in period, subject to considerations of reasonableness and practicability, that a Contracting Party should establish before the compliance requirement becomes effective.
4.2. Global technical regulations may specify alternative non-global levels of mandatory requirements or performance characteristics and associated test procedures when necessary to facilitate the regulatory activities of certain countries, in particular developing countries.
ARTICLE 5
COMPENDIUM OF POTENTIAL GLOBAL TECHNICAL RULES
5.1. A compendium of technical regulations of Contracting Parties other than UNECE Regulations that may be considered for harmonization or adoption as global technical regulations (hereinafter referred to as the Compendium of Potential Regulations) is established and updated.
5.2. Inclusion of technical rules in the Compendium of Potential Rules
Any Contracting Party may submit to the Executive Committee a request for inclusion in the Compendium of Candidate Regulations of any technical regulations that that Contracting Party has introduced, is applying or has adopted for future application.
5.2.1. the request specified in clause 5.2 must contain:
5.2.1.1. a copy of such rules;
5.2.1.2. any available technical documentation on such rules, including documentation regarding best available technology, comparative advantages and cost-effectiveness; And
5.2.1.3. An indication of any known existing or expected relevant international standards applied on a voluntary basis.
5.2.2. The Executive Committee considers all requests that meet the requirements of paragraph 5.2.1 of this article. Technical rules are included in the Compendium of Candidate Rules subject to an affirmative vote in accordance with Article 7 of Appendix B. Incorporated technical rules are accompanied by the documentation submitted with the request for inclusion of the rules.
5.2.3. The rules specified in the request are considered to be included by the Secretary General in the Compendium on the day the decision is made by voting “for” in accordance with paragraph 5.2.2 of this article.
5.3. Exclusion of technical rules from the Compendium of Potential Rules
The included technical rules are excluded from the Compendium of Potential Rules:
5.3.1. or following the entry into the Global Registry of global technical rules containing product requirements related to the same performance or design elements as those included in the Compendium of technical rules;
5.3.2. or upon the expiration of a five-year period following the inclusion of rules pursuant to this Article and at the end of each subsequent five-year period, unless the Executive Secretary confirms by an affirmative vote in accordance with Article 7 of Annex B the inclusion of the technical rules in the Compendium of Candidate Rules; or
5.3.3. in response to a written request from the Contracting Party at whose request the technical rules were originally included. This request serves as the basis for excluding rules.
5.4. Availability of documents
All documents reviewed by the Executive Committee pursuant to this article shall be publicly available.
ARTICLE 6
REGISTER OF GLOBAL TECHNICAL RULES
6.1. A register of global technical regulations developed and introduced on the basis of this article is created and updated. This register is called the Global Register.
6.2. Introduction of global technical rules into the Global Registry through harmonization of existing rules
Any Contracting Party may submit a proposal for the development of harmonized global technical regulations concerning performance elements or design characteristics affected by either technical regulations listed in the Compendium of Candidate Regulations, any UNECE Regulation, or both.
6.2.1. the offer specified in clause 6.2 must contain:
6.2.1.1. clarification of the purpose of the proposed global technical regulations;
6.2.1.2. a description or draft text of the proposed global technical regulation, if available;
6.2.1.3. available documentation that may assist in the analysis of the issues addressed in the report required by paragraph 6.2.4.2.1 of this article;
6.2.1.4. a list of all technical regulations contained in the Compendium of Candidate Regulations and any UNECE Regulations that address the same performance or design elements to be addressed in the proposed global technical regulation; And
6.2.1.5. an indication of any known applicable international standards that are applied voluntarily.
6.2.2. Each proposal specified in paragraph 6.2.1 of this article is presented to the Executive Committee.
6.2.3. The Executive Committee does not forward to any of the working groups any proposals that are found to not satisfy the requirements and paragraph 6.2.1 of this article. He may refer all other proposals to the appropriate working group.
6.2.4. When considering a proposal submitted to a working group for the development of global technical regulations based on harmonization, the working group will use transparent procedures to:
6.2.4.1. developing recommendations regarding global technical regulations through:
6.2.4.1.1. taking into account the purpose of the proposed global technical regulation and the need to establish alternative levels of mandatory requirements or performance characteristics,
6.2.4.1.2. studying all technical regulations included in the Compendium of Candidate Regulations and any UNECE Regulations related to the same performance elements,
6.2.4.1.3. studying any documentation attached to the rules specified in paragraph 6.2.4.1.2 of this article,
6.2.4.1.4. examining any available assessments of functional equivalence relevant to the review of the proposed global technical regulation, including assessments of relevant standards,
6.2.4.1.5. verifying that global technical regulations being developed meet the stated purpose of the regulations and the criteria set out in , and
6.2.4.1.6 giving due consideration to the possibility of introducing technical regulations in accordance with the 1958 Agreement;
6.2.4.2. submits to the Executive Committee:
6.2.4.2.1. a written report containing its recommendation for a global technical regulation, including all technical data and information that were considered in developing its recommendation, reflecting its consideration of the information specified in paragraph 6.2.4.1 of this article, and justifying the need for its recommendations, including an explanation of the reasons rejection of any alternative regulatory requirements and approaches considered, and
6.2.4.2.2. text of any recommended global technical regulations.
6.2.5. The Executive Committee, through the use of transparent procedures:
6.2.5.1. determines whether the recommendations regarding global technical regulations and the report are based on sufficiently effective and thorough implementation of the activities specified in paragraph 6.2.4.1 of this article. If the Executive Committee determines that the recommendations, report and/or the text of the recommended global technical regulations, if any, are not adequate, it shall return the regulations and report to the working group for revision or revision;
6.2.5.2. is considering the establishment of recommended global technical rules in accordance with the procedures set out in Article 7 of Annex B. Rules are entered into the Global Registry based on a decision of the Executive Committee adopted by consensus through an affirmative vote.
6.2.6. Global Technical Regulations shall be deemed to have been entered into the Global Registry on the day the decision is made by consensus of the Executive Committee by an affirmative vote.
6.2.7. Following the establishment of global technical regulations by the Executive Committee, the secretariat shall annex to those regulations copies of all relevant documentation, including the proposal submitted in accordance with . of this article, as well as the recommendations and report required under the provisions of paragraph 6.2.4.2.1 of this article.
6.3. Introduction of new global technical rules to the Global Registry
Any Contracting Party may submit a proposal for the development of new global technical regulations covering performance or design characteristics not covered by technical regulations included in the Compendium of Candidate Regulations or UNECE Regulations.
6.3.1. the offer specified in clause 6.3 must contain:
6.3.1.1. clarification of the purpose of the proposed new global technical regulation, based, to the extent possible, on objective evidence;
6.3.1.2. a description or draft text of the proposed new global technical regulation, if available;
6.3.1.3. any available documentation that may assist in the analysis of the issues addressed in the report required by paragraph of this article; And
6.3.1.4. an indication of any known applicable international standards that are applied voluntarily.
6.3.2. Each proposal specified in paragraph 6.3.1 of this article is submitted to the Executive Committee.
6.3.3. The Executive Committee does not forward to any of the working groups any proposals that are found not to satisfy the requirements and paragraph 6.3.1 of this article. He may refer all other proposals to the appropriate working group.
6.3.4. When considering a proposal submitted to a working group to develop new global technical regulations, the working group uses transparent procedures to:
6.3.4.1. developing recommendations regarding new global technical regulations by:
6.3.4.1.1. taking into account the purpose of proposed new global technical regulations and the need to establish alternative levels of mandatory requirements or performance characteristics,
6.3.4.1.2. taking into account technical feasibility,
6.3.4.1.3. taking into account the economic justification,
6.3.4.1.4. exploring the benefits, including the benefits of any alternative regulatory requirements and approaches considered,
6.3.4.1.5. comparing the potential of the recommended rules in terms of cost-effectiveness in comparison with the alternative regulatory requirements and approaches considered,
6.3.4.1.6. verifying that new global technical regulations being developed meet the stated purpose of the regulations and the criteria given in , and
6.3.4.1.7. taking due account of the possibility of introducing technical rules in accordance with the 1958 Agreement;
6.3.4.2. submits to the Executive Committee:
6.3.4.2.1. a written report containing its recommendation for a new global technical regulation, including all technical data and information that were considered in developing its recommendation, reflecting its progress in considering the information specified in paragraph 6.3.4.1 of this article, and justifying the need for its recommendations, including an explanation of the reasons rejection of any alternative regulatory requirements and approaches considered, and
6.3.4.2.2. text of any recommended new global technical regulations.
6.3.5. The Executive Committee, through the use of transparent procedures:
6.3.5.1. determines whether the recommendations regarding new global technical regulations and the report are based on sufficiently effective and thorough implementation of the activities specified in paragraph 6.3.4.1 of this article. If the Executive Committee determines that the recommendations, report and/or text of a recommended new global technical regulation, if any, is not adequate, it shall return the regulations and report to the working group for revision or revision;
6.3.5.2. considers the adoption of recommended new global technical regulations in accordance with the procedures set out in Article 7 of Annex B. Rules are entered into the Global Registry based on a decision of the Executive Committee adopted by consensus by an affirmative vote.
6.3.6 Global Technical Regulations are deemed to be entered into the Global Registry on the day the decision is made by consensus of the Executive Committee by voting in favour.
6.3.7. Following the promulgation of new global technical regulations by the Executive Committee, the Secretariat shall annex to those regulations copies of all relevant documentation, including the proposal submitted pursuant to this Article and the recommendations and report required pursuant to paragraph of this Article.
6.4. Amendments to global technical regulations
The procedures for amending any global technical rules introduced into the Global Registry pursuant to this Article are set forth in this Article in connection with the introduction of new global technical rules into the Global Registry.
6.5. Access to documents
All documents reviewed or collected by the working group in the process of making recommendations on global technical regulations pursuant to this article shall be publicly available.
ARTICLE 7
ACCEPTANCE AND NOTIFICATION OF APPLICATION OF THE INTRODUCED
GLOBAL TECHNICAL RULES
7.1. Any Contracting Party voting to introduce global technical rules under this Agreement shall submit the technical rules through the procedure used by that Contracting Party to incorporate such technical rules into its legislation or regulations and shall seek prompt adoption of a final decision.
7.2. Any Contracting Party which incorporates established global technical regulations into its legislation or regulations shall notify the Secretary-General in writing of the date on which it will begin to apply those regulations. This notice shall be given within 60 days of its decision to incorporate these rules. If an established global technical regulation contains more than one level of mandatory requirements or performance characteristics, the notification shall indicate which of those levels of mandatory requirements or performance characteristics have been selected by that Contracting Party.
7.3. A Contracting Party referred to in paragraph 7.1 of this article that decides not to incorporate established global technical regulations into its legislation or regulations shall notify the Secretary-General in writing of its decision and the reasons for its adoption. This notice shall be given within sixty (60) days of the decision.
7.4. Any Contracting Party referred to in paragraph 7.1 of this Article that, by the end of the one-year period following the date of implementation of the rules in the Global Registry, has either not adopted those technical rules or has decided not to incorporate the rules into its legislation or regulations shall submit a report on the status of those rules in its internal procedures. A status report is submitted for each subsequent annual period if no such action has been taken by the end of that period. Each report required pursuant to this paragraph:
7.4.1. includes a description of the steps taken during the past year to submit the rules, contains the final decision and indicates the expected date for such decision; And
7.4.2. submitted to the Secretary General no later than 60 days after the end of the annual period for which the report is submitted.
7.5. Any Contracting Party which accepts products that comply with the requirements of established global technical regulations without incorporating those regulations into its legislation or regulations shall notify the Secretary-General in writing of the date on which it began to accept such products for use. That Contracting Party shall provide notification within sixty (60) days of the commencement of their authorization for use. If an established global technical regulation contains more than one level of mandatory requirements or performance characteristics, the notification shall indicate which of those levels of mandatory requirements or performance characteristics are selected by that Contracting Party.
7.6. Any Contracting Party that has incorporated global technical regulations into its legislation or regulations may decide to repeal or amend the adopted regulations. Before taking such a decision, that Contracting Party must notify the Secretary General in writing of its intention and the reason for taking such action. This notification provision also applies to a Contracting Party that has authorized products for use in accordance with paragraph 7.5 but intends to discontinue the authorization of such products for use. A Contracting Party shall notify the Secretary-General of its decision to adopt any such regulations within 60 days of such decision. Where appropriate, that Contracting Party shall promptly provide to the other Contracting Parties, upon their request, copies of the amended or new regulations.
ARTICLE 8
DISPUTE RESOLUTION
8.1. Questions concerning the provisions of the established global technical regulations are referred to the Executive Committee for resolution.
8.2. Disputes between two or more Contracting Parties concerning the interpretation or application of this Agreement shall be resolved whenever possible through consultations or negotiations between them. If disputes cannot be resolved in this manner, the Contracting Parties concerned may decide to request the Executive Committee to resolve the dispute in accordance with the procedure set out in Article 7 of Annex B.
ARTICLE 9
ACQUISITION OF CTATUCA OF THE CONTRACTING PARTY
9.1. Countries and regional economic integration organizations specified in may become Contracting Parties to this Agreement by:
9.1.1. signature without reservation as to ratification, acceptance or approval;
9.1.2. signature subject to ratification, acceptance or approval after ratification, acceptance or approval;
9.1.3. acceptance; or
9.1.4. accession.
9.2. The instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall be deposited with the Secretary General.
9.3. Upon acquiring Contracting Party status:
9.3.1. After the entry into force of this Agreement, each country or regional economic integration organization shall provide notification in accordance with which of the global technical rules established under the Agreement, if it intends to adopt them, and of any decision to adopt use of a product that complies with any of these global technical regulations without incorporating those regulations into your own laws or regulations. If an established global technical regulation contains more than one level of mandatory requirements or performance characteristics, the notification shall indicate which of these levels of mandatory requirements or performance characteristics is accepted or approved by the Contracting Party;
9.3.2. Each regional economic integration organization declares, in matters of its competence, that its member States have delegated powers in the areas covered by this Agreement, including the power to take decisions binding on its member States.
9.4. Regional economic integration organizations that are Contracting Parties shall lose their status as a Contracting Party upon the withdrawal of powers declared in accordance with paragraph 9.3.2 of this Article and shall inform the Secretary-General accordingly.
ARTICLE 10
SIGNING
10.1. This Agreement has been open for signature since June 25, 1998.
10.2. This Agreement remains open for signature until it enters into force.
ARTICLE 11
ENTRY INTO FORCE
11.1. This Agreement and its annexes, which are integral parts of the Agreement, shall enter into force on the thirtieth (30) day after the date on which at least five (5) countries and/or regional economic integration organizations become Contracting Parties in accordance with. This minimum number of five (5) Contracting Parties shall include the European Community, the United States of America and Japan.
11.2. However, if the provisions of paragraph 11.1 of this article are not implemented within fifteen (15) months after the date specified in paragraph 10.1, then this Agreement and its annexes, which are integral parts of the Agreement, shall enter into force on the thirtieth (30) day after that date when a minimum of eight (8) countries and/or regional economic integration organizations become Contracting Parties in accordance with . This must not occur earlier than sixteen (16) months after the date specified in clause 10.1. At least one (1) of these eight (8) Contracting Parties must be either the European Community, the United States of America, or Japan.
11.3. For any country or regional economic integration organization which becomes a Contracting Party to the Agreement after its entry into force, this Agreement shall enter into force sixty (60) days after the date on which such country or regional economic integration organization deposits its instrument of ratification, document of acceptance, approval or accession.
ARTICLE 12
WITHDRAWAL FROM THE AGREEMENT
12.1. Any Contracting Party may withdraw from this Agreement by written notification to the Secretary General.
12.2. A decision to withdraw any Contracting Party from this Agreement shall enter into force one year after the date of receipt by the Secretary General of the notification in accordance with paragraph 12.1 of this article.
ARTICLE 13
AMENDMENTS TO THE AGREEMENT
13.1. Any Contracting Party may propose amendments to this Agreement and the annexes to this Agreement. Proposed amendments are sent to the Secretary General, who communicates them to all Contracting Parties.
13.2. A proposed amendment transmitted in accordance with paragraph 13.1 of this Article shall be considered by the Executive Committee at its next scheduled meeting.
13.3. If the Contracting Parties present and voting decide by consensus to introduce an amendment, it shall be forwarded by the Executive Committee to the Secretary General, who shall then circulate the amendment to all Contracting Parties.
13.4. An amendment circulated in accordance with paragraph 13.3 of this Article shall be deemed to have been accepted by all Contracting Parties if no Contracting Party objects to it within six (6) months after the date of its circulation. If no such objection is expressed, the amendment shall enter into force for all Contracting Parties three (3) months after the expiration of the six (6) month period referred to in this paragraph.
;
15.1. This Agreement shall apply to the territory or territories of any Contracting Party for whose external relations such Contracting Party is responsible, unless the Contracting Party declares otherwise prior to the entry into force of the Agreement for that Contracting Party.
15.2. Any Contracting Party may denounce this Agreement separately for any such territory or territories in accordance with.
ARTICLE 16
SECRETARIAT
Appendix A
Definitions
admit
include
8. Term "
9. Term "
10. Term "
11. Term "
12. Term " Secretary General
13. Term " transparent procedures
14. Term " type approval
15. Term " UNECE Regulations
16. Term " working group
17. Term " 1958 Agreement
Appendix B
Article 1
Article 2
Article 3
Article 4
Article 5
Article 6
Article 7
Article 8
Article 9
Head of Department
International Legal Department
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Republic of Kazakhstan B. Piskorsky
ARTICLE 16
SECRETARIAT
The Secretariat of this Agreement is the Executive Secretary of the UNECE. The Executive Secretary performs the following secretariat functions:
16.1. prepares meetings of the Executive Committee and working groups;
16.2. transmit to the Contracting Parties reports and other information received in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement; And
16.3. performs functions determined by the Executive Committee.
Appendix A
Definitions
For the purposes of this Agreement, the following definitions apply:
1. With respect to global technical regulations developed in accordance with this Agreement, the term " admit" means a decision by a Contracting Party to allow products that comply with the requirements of global technical regulations into its market without incorporating these global technical regulations into its legislation and regulations.
2. With respect to global technical regulations developed in accordance with this Agreement, the term " include" means the introduction of global technical rules into the legislation and regulations of a Contracting Party.
3. With respect to global technical regulations developed in accordance with this Agreement, the term " apply " means items of equipment or parts whose characteristics are relevant to performance, safety, environmental protection, energy efficiency or anti-theft. Such equipment and parts include exhaust systems, tires, engines, acoustic protection devices, but are not limited to anti-theft alarm devices, warning alarm devices and child restraint systems.
8. Term " introduced global technical regulations" means the global technical regulations recorded in the Global Registry in accordance with this Agreement.
9. Term " included technical rules" means national or regional technical regulations that have been listed in the Compendium of Candidate Regulations in accordance with this Agreement.
10. Term " manufacturer self-certification" means the legal requirement under the legislation of a Contracting Party that the manufacturer of wheeled vehicles, equipment and/or parts that can be fitted and/or used on wheeled vehicles must certify that each vehicle, equipment or part , which this manufacturer puts on sale, meets specific technical requirements.
11. Term " regional economic integration organization" means an organization constituted by and composed of sovereign countries which has competence with respect to the matters covered by this Agreement, including the power to make decisions binding on all its member countries with respect to such matters.
12. Term " Secretary General" means the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
13. Term " transparent procedures" means the procedures designed to facilitate the public's knowledge of and participation in the rulemaking process under this Agreement. They include;
1) notifications about meetings of working groups and the Executive Committee; And
2) working and final documents.
They also include the opportunity to express your views and arguments on:
1) meetings of working groups through organizations granted consultative status; And
2) meetings of working groups and the Executive Committee through preliminary consultations before the meetings with representatives of the Contracting Parties.
14. Term " type approval" means a written confirmation by a Contracting Party (or a competent authority designated by a Contracting Party) that the vehicle and/or any item of equipment and/or part that may be installed and/or used on the vehicle meets the specified technical requirements and is used in as a precondition for the release of a given vehicle, piece of equipment or part for sale.
15. Term " UNECE Regulations" means the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Regulations adopted under the 1958 Agreement.
16. Term " working group" means the specialized technical subsidiary body of the ECE whose function is to develop recommendations concerning the introduction of harmonized or new global technical regulations for inclusion in the global registry, and to consider amendments to global technical regulations entered into the global registry.
17. Term " 1958 Agreement" means the Agreement concerning the adoption of uniform technical requirements for wheeled vehicles, equipment and parts that can be fitted and/or used on wheeled vehicles, and on the conditions for the mutual recognition of approvals issued on the basis of these requirements.
Appendix B
COMPOSITION AND RULES OF PROCEDURE OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
Article 1
Only Contracting Parties can be members of the Executive Committee.
Article 2
All Contracting Parties are members of the Executive Committee.
Article 3
3.1. Except as provided in paragraph 3.2 of this article, each Contracting Party has one vote.
3.2. If the Contracting Parties to this Agreement are one regional economic integration organization and one or more of its member States, then the regional economic integration organization, in matters within its competence, shall exercise its voting rights with a number of votes equal to the number of its member States that are The contracting parties to this Agreement. Such an organization shall not exercise its voting rights if any of its member states exercises its right, and vice versa.
Article 4
To participate in voting, any Contracting Party must be represented. The contracting party voted for by its regional economic integration organization need not be represented in the vote.
Article 5
5.1. For voting to take place, a quorum of at least half of all Contracting Parties must be ensured.
5.2. For the purposes of determining a quorum in accordance with this Article and determining the number of Contracting Parties necessary to constitute one third of the Contracting Parties present and voting, in accordance with paragraph 7.1 of Article 7 of this Annex, the regional economic integration organization shall be considered one Contracting Party.
Article 6
6.1. The Executive Committee, at its first session each calendar year, elects a Chairman and a Vice-Chairman from among its members. The Chairman and Vice-Chairman are elected by a two-thirds vote in favor of all Contracting Parties present and voting.
6.2. Both the Chairman and the Vice-Chairman must not be representatives of the same Contracting Party for more than two consecutive years. In any year, both the Chair and the Vice-Chair shall not represent the same Contracting Party.
Article 7
7.1. National or regional regulations are included in the Compendium of Candidate Regulations either by a vote in favor of at least one third of all Contracting Parties present and voting (as defined in Article 5.2 of this Annex) or by one third of the total votes, depending on which of these indicators contributes more to the “yes” vote. In any case, the one-third vote shall include that of either the European Community, the United States of America or Japan, if any of them is a Contracting Party.
7.2. The entry of global technical rules into the Global Registry, amendments to established global technical rules, and amendments to this Agreement shall be effected by voting by consensus of the Contracting Parties present and voting. Any Contracting Party present and voting that objects to a question on which a vote by consensus is required shall provide a written explanation of the reason for its objection to the Secretary General within sixty (60) days of the date of the vote. If such Contracting Party does not provide such clarification within this period, it shall be deemed to have voted in favor on the matter on which the vote was taken. If all Contracting Parties expressing an objection on the matter do not provide such written explanations, then all persons present and voting shall be deemed to have voted in favor on the matter by consensus. In this case, the voting date is considered the first day after the expiration of this 60-day period.
7.3. All other matters requiring resolution may, at the discretion of the Executive Committee, be resolved through the voting procedure set forth in paragraph 7.2 of this article.
Article 8
Contracting parties that abstain from voting are considered as not voting.
Article 9
The Executive Secretary shall convene the Executive Committee whenever a vote is required under , or this Agreement, or whenever any action is required to be taken pursuant to this Agreement.
I hereby certify that this text is a certified copy of the Agreement establishing global technical regulations for wheeled vehicles, equipment and parts which may be fitted and/or used on wheeled vehicles, adopted at Geneva on 25 June 1998.
© 2008 - 2014 EML LLP
Created on November 18, 2004 in accordance with Article 6
AGREEMENTS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF GLOBAL TECHNICAL REGULATIONS FOR WHEELED VEHICLES, EQUIPMENT AND PARTS THAT MAY BE INSTALLED AND/OR USED ON WHEELED VEHICLES
(ECE/TRANS/132 and Corr.1)
Addition
Global Technical Regulation No. 11
TESTING PROCEDURE FOR COMPRESSION Ignition ENGINES TO BE INSTALLED IN AGRICULTURAL, FORESTRY TRACTORS AND OFF-ROAD MOBILE EQUIPMENT WITH RESPECT TO POLLUTANT EMISSIONS BY THESE ENGINES
(Entered into the Global Registry on November 12, 2009)
UNITED NATIONS
Page
I. SUMMARY OF TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND RATIONALE 5
A. TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY 5
B. EXPECTED BENEFITS 7
C. POTENTIAL PROFITABILITY 8
II. TEXT OF RULES 9
1. GOAL 9
2. AREA OF APPLICATION 9
3. DEFINITIONS, NOTATIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS 9
4. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 26
5. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 26
6. TEST CONDITIONS 33
7. TEST PROCEDURES 45
8. MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES 81
9. MEASURING EQUIPMENT 173
APPLICATIONS
Appendix A.1 TEST CYCLES 213
Appendix A.2 STATISTICS 224
Appendix A.3 INTERNATIONAL GRAVITY FORMULA
1980 230
Appendix A.4 CHECKING CARBON CONSUMPTION 231
CONTENT ( continuation)
Page
Appendix A.5 EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS
AND AUXILIARY DEVICES 234
Appendix A.6 REFERENCE DIESEL FUEL 236
Appendix A.7. MOLARITY-BASED EMISSION CALCULATIONS 238
Appendix A.7 Appendix 1 DILUTE FLOW CALIBRATION
EXHAUST GAS (CVS) 273
Appendix A.7 Appendix 2 DRIFT CORRECTION 285
Appendix A.8 MASS-BASED EMISSION CALCULATIONS 288
Appendix A.8 Appendix 1 DILUTE FLOW CALIBRATION
EXHAUST GAS (CVS) 321
Appendix A.8 Appendix 2 DRIFT CORRECTION 326
I. STATEMENT OF TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND RATIONALE
A. TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY
1. The purpose of this proposal is to adopt a global technical regulation (gtr) related to emissions from compression ignition (CI) engines installed in non-road mobile vehicles (CRMVs) in accordance with the 1998 Global Agreement based on a harmonized non-road test protocol, incorporating the test cycles developed by the GRPE informal group on VRMS, using the Off-Road Transitional Test Cycle (RTC) developed in 2000-2002 by the international task force.
2. Some countries have already introduced regulations to regulate exhaust emissions from engines of non-road mobile vehicles, but their testing procedures vary. In the interests of maximizing environmental benefits and efficient use of energy, it is advisable to ensure that as many countries as possible use the same test protocol for emissions control. The benefit to society will be to harmonize requirements based on overall global reductions in emissions levels. Off-road vehicle manufacturers have already entered the global market, and it is more economical for them to develop engine models that comply with internationally agreed emissions regulations. The harmonization achieved through this gtr allows manufacturers to develop new models in the most efficient manner possible. Finally, the consumer benefit will be the ability to choose, at lower cost, low-emission engines that are manufactured to internationally recognized standards.
3. New research into the actual operating conditions of RCMCs has contributed to the development of a transition test cycle initiated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEA) and continued in collaboration with the European Commission Cooperative Research Center (CRC) and an international task force. The data collected allowed the development of a transient test cycle along with cold and warm starting requirements. The basis for developing a steady state test cycle for warm engine starting was proposed by an expert committee of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Test cycles have been published in the ISO 8178 series of standards. This procedure involves the use of exhaust emission measurement technology to carefully determine the amount of pollutants emitted from future low-emission engines. The PVDC test cycle has already been introduced into the emission legislation of the European Union (EU), Canada and the United States of America and serves as the basis for the ongoing development of vehicle-specific legislation in Japan. The purpose of this gtr is to provide a high level of harmonization of additional testing conditions in the context of existing or developing legislation.
4. The test procedure reflects, to the greatest extent possible, the operating conditions of RCMC engines around the world and closely approximates actual test conditions for the purpose of measuring emissions from existing and future RCMC engines. In other words, the test procedure was designed so that it:
a) was representative of the actual operating conditions of off-road mobile equipment engines;
(b) is capable of achieving the highest possible level of efficiency in reducing emissions from non-road mobile machinery engines;
(c) allows the use of state-of-the-art testing, sampling and measurement techniques;
d) is practically applicable to existing and possible future technologies for reducing exhaust emissions; And
e) was capable of providing a reliable ranking of exhaust emission levels from different engine types.
5. At this stage, the gtr is presented without specifying the limit values and applicable power ranges of RCMC motors. In this way, the test procedure can be given legal status and Contracting Parties are encouraged to begin the process of incorporating the gtr into their national legislation. One option provided for in the gtr is at the discretion of the Contracting Parties. It is related to the permissible temperature range of the dilution air.
6. When implementing the test procedure provided for in this gtr, Contracting Parties, through their national regulations or legislation, are encouraged to use limit values that are at least equivalent to the severity level specified in their existing regulations, pending the development of harmonized limit values by the Executive Committee (AC). .3) 1998 Agreement relating to the World Forum for the Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29). Consequently, the performance levels (emission test results) to be provided for in the gtr will be negotiated taking into account the most recent harmonized provisions in force in the Contracting Parties, as required by the 1998 Agreement.
7. To facilitate the regulatory activities of some countries, in particular those in which legislation in this area has not yet been adopted or is not as stringent as indicated above, a corresponding methodological document has also been prepared. Its format is based on the format used in the EU for the new and global approach directives. It is important to note that only the text of the gtr is legally binding. The methodological document does not have any legal status and does not introduce any additional requirements, but is aimed at promoting the use of gtrs and facilitating their application. This guidance document is listed on the WP.29 website and placed next to the text of the gtr in accordance with the decision taken by AC.3.
B. EXPECTED BENEFITS
8. VRMS and related motors are designed and manufactured for the global market. It is not economically beneficial for manufacturers to develop and produce significantly different models to comply with different emission regulations and emission measurement methods that, in principle, achieve the same goal. To enable manufacturers to develop new models more efficiently and quickly, it is advisable to prepare an appropriate gtr. The savings resulting from the use of the gtr will benefit not only manufacturers, but also, and more importantly, consumers.
9. However, developing a test procedure to address economic issues alone is not entirely consistent with the mandate given at the outset of this gtr. The test procedure also contributes to the improvement of RCMC motor testing methods and to better reflect the current operating capabilities of RCMC motors today. As noted above, some Contracting Parties have already adopted legislation that includes the test cycles required in this gtr. For Contracting Parties to the 1998 Agreement that have not yet introduced legislation at the same level, the test methods specified in this gtr are significantly more representative of actual operating conditions of RCMCs worldwide compared to the measurement methods specified in current legislation.
10. Therefore, it can be expected that the widespread implementation of this gtr within the emission legislation of Contracting Parties to the 1998 Agreement will result in more stringent control of emissions from engines currently in service due to an improved correlation of test methods with the actual operating conditions of the RMSC.
C. POTENTIAL PROFITABILITY
11. Specific values have not been calculated to judge the cost-effectiveness of this gtr. The main reason this analysis was not carried out is that AC.3 decided to continue work on the emission gtr without limit values. However, this information will be available once the limit values are agreed upon at a later stage in the development of the gtr. Particular attention will be given to the ongoing process to develop such performance requirements for inclusion in the Worldwide Harmonized Motorcycle Emissions Test Cycle (WMTC) gtr No. 2. In addition, VRMS motor manufacturing facilities will gain experience in linking any costs and savings to this test procedure. In this case, information on costs and emission levels could be analyzed in the next phase of development of this gtr in order to determine the cost-effectiveness of the test procedure in the context of this gtr. Although no cost per tonne calculations have been made, experts believe that the benefits associated with the adoption of these gtrs are obvious.
II. TEXT OF RULES
1. GOAL
This regulation aims to provide a globally harmonized method for determining emission levels of pollutants from compression ignition (CI) engines used in Category T vehicles and non-road mobile equipment that are representative of common, actual vehicle operating conditions worldwide. The results can serve as a basis for regulating pollutant emissions through regional type approval and certification procedures.
2. AREA OF APPLICATION
These regulations apply to the measurement of pollutant emissions from compression ignition (CI) engines with a maximum power of not less than 19 kW and not more than 560 kW, which are used:
a) on vehicles of category T 1 ;
b) on off-road mobile equipment.
3. DEFINITIONS, NOTATIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS
3.1 Definitions
3.1.1 "Correction factors" mean additive (upper correction factor and lower correction factor) or multiplicative factors that must be taken into account during periodic (rare) regeneration.
3.1.2 "Applicable emission limits" indicate the emission limits for a given engine.
3.1.3 "Water condensate" means the precipitation of water-containing components that pass from a gas to a liquid state. The formation of water condensation is caused by factors such as humidity, pressure, temperature and the concentration of other components, such as sulfuric acid. The effect of these factors varies depending on the humidity of the air entering the engine, the humidity of the diluent air, the ratio of air and fuel in the engine and the composition of the fuel, including the amount of hydrogen and sulfur in the fuel.
3.1.4 "Atmosphere pressure" means the absolute hydrostatic pressure of the atmosphere. It should be noted that when measuring atmospheric pressure in a tube, slight losses in pressure values are inevitable, causing a difference in pressure at the measurement site and beyond; this is due to the change in static pressure in the tube under the influence of flow.
3.1.5 "Calibration" means the process of adjusting the operating mode of a measurement system so that its response to exciting influences corresponds to the range of reference signals. This concept is different from the concept of "verification".
3.1.6 "Calibration gas" means the mixture of purified gases used to calibrate gas analyzers. Calibration gases shall meet the specifications set out in paragraph 9.5.1. It should be noted that calibration gases and span gases are qualitatively the same, but differ in their primary function. During the various tests performance characteristics of gas analyzers and elements used for sample processing, either calibration gases or span gases may be used.
3.1.7 "Certification" means actions related to the process of obtaining a certificate of conformity.
3.1.8 "Constant speed motor" means an engine whose certification is limited to constant speed operation. Engines with the constant speed governor feature removed or disabled are no longer constant speed engines.
3.1.9 "Constant speed operation" means operating an engine with a governor that automatically controls the operator's request to maintain engine speed even when the load changes. Governors do not always fully provide a constant speed. As a rule, the speed can decrease (0.1-10)% according to compared to the no-load speed, so that the minimum speed corresponds to almost maximum engine power.
3.1.10 "Continuous regeneration" means a regeneration process of an exhaust gas aftertreatment system that is either sustained or occurs at least once per applicable transient test cycle or step test cycle; this is different from the concept of intermittent (infrequent) regeneration.
3.1.11 "Conversion efficiency of the non-methane fraction separator (NMC) E " means the conversion efficiency of NMC, which is used to remove non-methane hydrocarbons from a gas sample by oxidizing all hydrocarbons except methane. Ideally, the conversion efficiency for methane is 0% ( E CH 4 = 0), and in the case of other hydrocarbons represented by ethane - 100% ( E C 2 H 6 = 100%). To accurately measure NMHC, two performance metrics are defined and used to calculate the mass flow rate of the NMHC emission stream for methane and ethane; this concept is different from the concept of "penetration share".
3.1.12 "Delay time" means the difference in time between the moment the component to be measured changes at the starting point and the moment at which the triggered system readings are 10% of the final readings ( t 10), with the sampler being defined as the starting point. In the case of gaseous components, this time represents the transfer time of the measured component from the sampler to the detector (see Fig. 3.1).
3.1.13 "SystemdeNOx" means an exhaust gas after-treatment system for the purpose of reducing nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions (for example, passive and active NOx catalysts, NOx absorbers and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems).
3.1.14 "Dew point" means the degree of humidity, specified as the temperature to which the air must cool before the water vapor it contains reaches a state of saturation and begins to condense into dew at a given pressure and given absolute humidity. The dew point is specified as a temperature in °C or K and is only valid for the pressure at which it is measured.
3.1.15 "Discrete mode" means the discrete steady state test mode as specified in paragraph 7.4.1.1 and Annex A.1.
3.1.16 "Drifting" means the difference between the zero or calibration signal and the corresponding value read from a measuring device immediately after its use in an emissions test, provided that the device was zeroed and calibrated immediately before the test.
3.1.17 "Electronic control unit" means an engine electronic device that uses data read from engine sensors to monitor engine parameters.
3.1.18 "Emission control system" means any device, system, or design element that limits or reduces emissions of regulated pollutants from an engine.
3.1.19 "Engine family" means a category of engines grouped by manufacturers which, by virtue of their design as defined in paragraph 5.2. of this regulation, have similar exhaust emission characteristics; all members of the family must comply with the applicable emission limits.
3.1.20 "Adjustable engine speed" means the operating speed of the engine controlled by the installed governor.
3.1.21 "Engine system" means the engine, emission control system, and communications interface (hardware and messaging) between the engine system's electronic control unit(s) and any other powertrain component or vehicle control device.
3.1.22 "Type engine" means a category of engines that do not differ from each other with respect to the main characteristics of the engine.
3.1.23 "Exhaust aftertreatment system" means a catalytic converter, particulate filter, deNO x system, deNO x particulate filter combination filter, or any other emission control device installed downstream of the engine. This definition does not include the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system and turbochargers, which are considered integral part of the engine.
3.1.24 "Exhaust gas recirculation" means a technology that limits emissions by directing the exhaust gases emitted from the combustion chamber(s) back into the engine to mix with the incoming air before or during combustion. For the purposes of these regulations, the use of valve timing to increase the amount of residual exhaust gas in the combustion chamber(s) that mixes with engine air before or during combustion is not considered EGR.
3.1.25 "Full flow dilution method" means the process of mixing the total exhaust gas stream with dilution air before separating the appropriate fraction of the diluted exhaust gas stream for analysis purposes.
3.1.26 "Gaseous pollutants" means carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and/or non-methane hydrocarbons (assuming a CH ratio of 1.85 for diesel fuel), methane and nitrogen oxides (expressed as nitrogen dioxide (NO2) equivalent).
3.1.27 "Qualified Engineering Assessment" means a conclusion reached in accordance with generally accepted scientific and technical principles and relevant available information.
3.1.28 "HEPA filter" means a high efficiency particulate air filter that has an initial minimum removal efficiency of 99.97% per ASTM F 1471-93 or equivalent standard.
3.1.29 "Hydrocarbon (HC)" means, when applicable, THC, NMHC. Hydrocarbon generally refers to the hydrocarbon group on which emission standards for each fuel type and engine are based.
3.1.30 "High rotation speed" (n hi)" means the highest engine speed at which 70% of maximum power is achieved.
3.1.31 "Idle speed" means the lowest engine speed at the minimum load (greater than or equal to no load) at which the engine governor function controls the engine speed. For engines that do not have an idle speed control governor function, idle speed means the value specified by the manufacturer for the lowest possible engine speed at minimum load.It should be noted that the idle speed in a warm state means the idle speed of a warm engine.
3.1.32 "Intermediate speed during test" means an engine speed that meets one of the following requirements:
(a) For engines which are designed to operate within the speed range of the full load torque curve, the intermediate speed is the specified maximum torque when achieved within 60-75% of the rated speed;
b) if the specified maximum torque is less than 60% of the rated speed, then the intermediate speed is 60% of the rated speed;
c) if the specified maximum torque exceeds 75% of the rated speed, then the intermediate speed is 75% of the rated speed.
3.1.33 "Linearity" means the degree to which the measured values correspond to the appropriate reference values. In quantitative terms, linearity is determined using the linear regression of pairs of measured values and reference values over the range of values expected or recorded during the test.
3.1.34 "Low speed (n lo)" means the lowest engine speed at which 50% of maximum power is achieved.
3.1.35 "Maximum power (P max)" means the maximum power in kW specified by the manufacturer.
3.1.36 "Maximum torque" means the engine speed at which the maximum engine torque specified by the manufacturer is achieved.
3.1.37 "Average quantity", based on flow-weighted averages, means the average quantitative level determined after being weighed in proportion to the corresponding flow rate.
3.1.38 "Non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC)" means the totality of all types of hydrocarbons, with the exception of methane.
3.1.39 "Crankcase emissions" means any flow from the crankcase that is released directly into the environment.
3.1.40 "Operator request" means any intervention on the part of the engine operator to regulate the power of the engine. The operator may mean some person (manual intervention) or some controller (automatic intervention) who sends mechanical or electronic signals to the engine requesting a certain This signal may be provided by operating the accelerator pedal, throttle lever, fuel lever, governor lever, or governor operating point, or by electronic means that replace all of the above.
3.1.41 "Nitrogen oxides" means compounds containing only nitrogen and oxygen measured using the procedures specified in these regulations. In quantitative terms, nitrogen oxides are expressed as if NO were NO 2 so that the effective molar mass is used for all nitrogen oxides equivalent to NO 2 .
3.1.42 "Base engine" means an engine selected from an engine family so that its emission characteristics are representative of that engine family (see paragraph 5.2.4.).
3.1.43 "Partial pressure" means pressure ( R) gas in the mixture, which it would have if one occupied the entire volume of the mixture. In the case of an ideal gas, the result of dividing the partial pressure by the total pressure represents the molarity of the component ( X).
3.1.44 "Solids Post-Treatment Device" means an exhaust aftertreatment system designed to control particulate matter (PM) emissions through mechanical, aerodynamic, diffusion or inertial separation.
3.1.45 "Partial flow dilution method" means the process of separating a portion from the total exhaust gas stream and then mixing it with an appropriate volume of dilution air before the particulate sampling filter.
3.1.46 "Particulate matter (PM))" means any substance captured by any specified filter material after dilution of the exhaust gases with clean filtered air at the temperature and point specified in paragraph 9.3.3.4; these include primarily carbon, condensed hydrocarbons and sulphates in combination with water.
3.1.47 "Penetrating fraction (PF )" means deviation from ideal performance of the non-methane separator (see "non-methane conversion efficiency (NMC)) E). Methane penetration coefficient ( PF CH4) for an ideal non-methane separator is 1,000 (i.e. methane conversion efficiency ( E CH4) is zero), and the permeable fraction for all other hydrocarbons is 0.000, as indicated by PF C2H6 (i.e. ethane conversion efficiency ( E C2H6) equals 1). This ratio looks like this: PF CH4 = 1 – E CH4 and PF C2H6 = 1 – E E. " means the corresponding proportion of the maximum torque developed by the engine at a certain speed.
3.1.49 "Periodic (or rare) regeneration" refers to the exhaust after treatment system regeneration process that occurs periodically, typically after less than 100 hours of normal engine operation. During regeneration cycles, emission limits may be exceeded.
3.1.50 "Sample" is the first part of the transition pipe through which the sample is transferred to the next element of the sampling system.
3.1.51 "PTFE" means polytetrafluoroethylene, commonly called Teflon.
3.1.52 "Steady state test cycle" means a cycle involving sequential engine testing in steady state modes at certain speed and torque criteria in each mode and at certain speed and torque steps between these modes.
3.1.53 "Rated speed" means the maximum full load speed permitted by the governor as specified by the manufacturer, or, if no such governor is available, the speed at which the maximum engine power specified by the manufacturer is achieved.
3.1.54 "Regeneration" means the point at which the emission volume changes while the efficiency of the subsequent treatment is restored by the design. Two types of regeneration are possible: continuous regeneration (see paragraph 6.6.1) and infrequent (periodic) regeneration (see paragraph 6.6.2).
3.1.55 "Response time" means the difference in time between the moment the component to be measured at the starting point changes and the moment at which the triggered system readings are 90% of the final readings ( t 90) (with the sampler defined as the reference point) when the change in the component being measured is at least 60% of full scale (FS) and occurs in less than 0.1 second. The system response time consists of the system delay time and the system recovery time.
3.1.56 "Recovery time" means a time difference within 10-90% of the final response time reading ( t 90 t 10).
3.1.57 "Joint atmospheric pressure meter" means an atmospheric pressure meter whose reading is used as the atmospheric pressure throughout a test facility where there is more than one dynamometer test stand.
3.1.58 "Joint humidity measurement" means a measurement made to determine the humidity of an entire test facility where there is more than one test stand with dynamometers.
3.1.59 "Taring" means adjusting the instrument so that it responds appropriately to a calibration standard that is 75-100% of the maximum value over the actual or expected operating range of the instrument.
3.1.60 "Test gas" means the mixture of purified gases used for calibration of gas analyzers. The span gases shall meet the specifications set out in paragraph 9.5.1. It should be noted that calibration gases and span gases are qualitatively the same, but differ in their primary function. During various tests performance characteristics of gas analyzers and sample processing elements, either calibration gases or span gases can be used.
3.1.61 "Specific emissions" means the mass of emissions expressed in g/kWh.
3.1.62 "Autonomous" means something independent, capable of functioning "autonomously".
3.1.63 "Steady state" means the condition associated with emissions tests in which the engine speed and load are maintained within a finite set of nominal constant values. Steady state tests are conducted either in discrete mode or in step mode.
3.1.64 "Stoichiometric" means referring to a special ratio of air and fuel in which, if the fuel is completely oxidized, no fuel and no oxygen remain.
3.1.65 "Storage facility" means a particulate filter, sampling bag or any other storage device used for the purpose of collecting samples from a lot.
3.1.66 "Test cycle (or duty cycle)" means a sequence of measurement points, each corresponding to a specific engine speed and torque under steady state or transient operating conditions. Operating cycles are specified in Annex A.1. A single operating cycle may consist of one or more test intervals.
3.1.67 "Test interval" means the length of time over which specific emissions during the braking phase are determined. Where any operating cycle includes multiple test intervals, the regulations may provide additional calculations to weigh and combine the results to obtain composite values allowing comparisons with applicable emission limits.
3.1.68 "Tolerance" means an interval comprising 95% of the set of recorded values for a specified quantity, with the remaining 5% of recorded values being out of range only due to variation in measurements. Specified recording frequencies and time intervals are used to determine whether a given quantity falls within the applicable tolerance. In the event parameters that do not depend on the scatter in measurements, tolerance means the absolute permissible range.
3.1.69 "Total hydrocarbons (THC)" means the total mass of organic compounds determined by a specific procedure for measuring total hydrocarbons and expressed as a hydrocarbon with a mass ratio of hydrogen to carbon of 1.85:1.
3.1.70 "Transition time" means the difference in time between the moment the component to be measured at the starting point changes and the moment at which the triggered system readings are 50% of the final readings ( t 50), with the sampler being defined as the starting point. Transition time is used to synchronize the signals of different measuring instruments. See Figure 3.1.
3.1.71 "Transitional test cycle" means a test cycle with a sequence of given values of rotation speed and torque that change relatively quickly over time (RTS).
3.1.72 "Type approval" means the approval of an engine type with respect to its emissions measured in accordance with the procedures specified in this regulation.
3.1.73 "Updating Logged Values" is the frequency with which the analyzer provides new, current values.
3.1.74 "Lifetime" means the relevant mileage and/or period of time during which the relevant gaseous and particulate emission standards must be met.
3.1.75 "Variable speed motor" means motor with variable speed.
3.1.76 "Examination" means the determination of whether or not the readings of a measurement system correspond to a range of applicable reference signals in the context of one or more specified acceptable limits. This concept is different from the concept of "calibration".
3.1.77 "Zero setting" means adjusting the instrument so that, when the calibration standard is zero, such as purified nitrogen or purified air, it indicates a value corresponding to zero when measuring concentrations of emission components.
3.1.78 "Zero Gas" means a gas through which the analyzer registers zero sensitivity. This can be either purified nitrogen, purified air, or a combination of purified air and purified nitrogen.
starting moment
response time
transition time
time time time
recovery delays
Rice. 3.1: Determination of system response times: delay time (3.1.12), response time (3.1.55), recovery time (3.1.56) and transition time (3.1.70).
3.2 General designations
6.1. A register of global technical regulations developed and introduced on the basis of this article is created and updated. This register is called the Global Register.
6.2. Introduction of global technical rules into the Global Registry through harmonization of existing rules
Any Contracting Party may submit a proposal for the development of harmonized global technical regulations concerning performance elements or design characteristics affected by either technical regulations listed in the Compendium of Candidate Regulations, any UNECE Regulation, or both.
6.2.1. the offer specified in clause 6.2 must contain:
6.2.1.1. clarification of the purpose of the proposed global technical regulations;
6.2.1.2. a description or draft text of the proposed global technical regulation, if available;
6.2.1.3. available documentation that may assist in the analysis of the issues addressed in the report required by paragraph 6.2.4.2.1 of this article;
6.2.1.4. a list of all technical regulations contained in the Compendium of Candidate Regulations and any UNECE Regulations that address the same performance or design elements to be addressed in the proposed global technical regulation; And
6.2.1.5. an indication of any known applicable international standards that are applied voluntarily.
6.2.2. Each proposal specified in paragraph 6.2.1 of this article is presented to the Executive Committee.
6.2.3. The Executive Committee shall not transmit to any of the working groups any proposals that are determined not to satisfy the requirements of Article 4 and paragraph 6.2.1 of this Article. He may refer all other proposals to the appropriate working group.
6.2.4. When considering a proposal submitted to a working group for the development of global technical regulations based on harmonization, the working group will use transparent procedures to:
6.2.4.1. developing recommendations regarding global technical regulations through:
6.2.4.1.1. taking into account the purpose of the proposed global technical regulation and the need to establish alternative levels of mandatory requirements or performance characteristics,
6.2.4.1.2. studying all technical regulations included in the Compendium of Candidate Regulations and any UNECE Regulations related to the same performance elements,
6.2.4.1.3. studying any documentation attached to the rules specified in paragraph 6.2.4.1.2 of this article,
6.2.4.1.4. examining any available assessments of functional equivalence relevant to the review of the proposed global technical regulation, including assessments of relevant standards,
6.2.4.1.5. verifying that global technical regulations being developed meet the stated purpose of the regulations and the criteria set out in Article 4, and
6.2.4.1.6. taking due account of the possibility of introducing technical rules in accordance with the 1958 Agreement;
6.2.4.2. submits to the Executive Committee:
6.2.4.2.1. a written report containing its recommendation for a global technical regulation, including all technical data and information that were considered in developing its recommendation, reflecting its consideration of the information specified in paragraph 6.2.4.1 of this article, and justifying the need for its recommendations, including an explanation of the reasons rejection of any alternative regulatory requirements and approaches considered, and
6.2.4.2.2. text of any recommended global technical regulations.
6.2.5. The Executive Committee, through the use of transparent procedures:
6.2.5.1. determines whether the recommendations regarding global technical regulations and the report are based on sufficiently effective and thorough implementation of the activities specified in paragraph 6.2.4.1 of this article. If the Executive Committee determines that the recommendations, report and/or the text of the recommended global technical regulations, if any, are not adequate, it shall return the regulations and report to the working group for revision or revision;
6.2.5.2. is considering the establishment of recommended global technical rules in accordance with the procedures set forth in paragraph 7.2 of Article 7 of Annex B. Rules are entered into the Global Registry based on a decision of the Executive Committee adopted by consensus through an affirmative vote.
6.2.6. Global Technical Regulations shall be deemed to have been entered into the Global Registry on the day the decision is made by consensus of the Executive Committee by an affirmative vote.
6.2.7. Following the establishment of global technical regulations by the Executive Committee, the Secretariat shall annex to those regulations copies of all relevant documentation, including the proposal submitted in accordance with paragraph 6.2.1 of this Article, and the recommendations and report required under the provisions of paragraph 6.2.4.2.1 of this Article.
6.3. Introduction of new global technical rules to the Global Registry
Any Contracting Party may submit a proposal for the development of new global technical regulations covering performance or design performance elements not covered by technical regulations included in the Compendium of Candidate Regulations or UNECE Regulations.
6.3.1. the offer specified in clause 6.3 must contain:
6.3.1.1. clarification of the purpose of the proposed new global technical regulation, based, to the extent possible, on objective evidence;
6.3.1.2. a description or draft text of the proposed new global technical regulation, if available;
6.3.1.3. any available documentation that may assist in the analysis of the issues addressed in the report required by paragraph 6.3.4.2.1 of this article; And
6.3.1.4. an indication of any known applicable international standards that are applied voluntarily.
6.3.2. Each proposal specified in paragraph 6.3.1 of this article is submitted to the Executive Committee.
6.3.3. The Executive Committee shall not transmit to any of the working groups any proposals that are determined not to satisfy the requirements of Article 4 and paragraph 6.3.1 of this Article. He may refer all other proposals to the appropriate working group.
6.3.4. When considering a proposal submitted to a working group to develop new global technical regulations, the working group uses transparent procedures to:
6.3.4.1. developing recommendations regarding new global technical regulations by:
6.3.4.1.1. taking into account the purpose of proposed new global technical regulations and the need to establish alternative levels of mandatory requirements or performance characteristics,
6.3.4.1.2. taking into account technical feasibility,
6.3.4.1.3. taking into account the economic justification,
6.3.4.1.4. exploring the benefits, including the benefits of any alternative regulatory requirements and approaches considered,
6.3.4.1.5. comparing the potential of the recommended rules in terms of cost-effectiveness in comparison with the alternative regulatory requirements and approaches considered,
6.3.4.1.6. verifying that new global technical regulations being developed meet the stated purpose of the regulations and the criteria given in Article 4, and
6.3.4.1.7. taking due account of the possibility of introducing technical rules in accordance with the 1958 Agreement;
6.3.4.2. submits to the Executive Committee:
6.3.4.2.1. a written report containing its recommendation for a new global technical regulation, including all technical data and information that were considered in developing its recommendation, reflecting its progress in considering the information specified in paragraph 6.3.4.1 of this article, and justifying the need for its recommendations, including an explanation of the reasons rejection of any alternative regulatory requirements and approaches considered, and
6.3.4.2.2. text of any recommended new global technical regulations.
6.3.5. The Executive Committee, through the use of transparent procedures:
6.3.5.1. determines whether the recommendations regarding new global technical regulations and the report are based on sufficiently effective and thorough implementation of the activities specified in paragraph 6.3.4.1 of this article. If the Executive Committee determines that the recommendations, report and/or text of a recommended new global technical regulation, if any, is not adequate, it shall return the regulations and report to the working group for revision or revision;
6.3.5.2. considers the adoption of recommended new global technical regulations in accordance with the procedures set out in paragraph 7.2 of Article 7 of Annex B. The rules are entered into the Global Registry based on a decision of the Executive Committee adopted by consensus through an affirmative vote.
6.3.6. Global Technical Regulations shall be deemed to have been entered into the Global Registry on the day the decision is made by consensus of the Executive Committee by an affirmative vote.
6.3.7. Following the introduction by the Executive Committee of a new global technical regulation, the Secretariat shall annex to the regulation copies of all relevant documentation, including the proposal submitted pursuant to paragraph 6.3.1 of this Article, and the recommendations and report required pursuant to paragraph 6.3.4.2.1 of this Article. .
6.4. Amendments to global technical regulations
The procedures for amending any global technical regulations introduced into the Global Registry pursuant to this Article are set forth in paragraph 6.3 of this Article in connection with the introduction of new global technical regulations into the Global Registry.
6.5. Access to documents
All documents reviewed or collected by the working group in the process of making recommendations on global technical regulations pursuant to this article shall be publicly available.
