On September 15, during a meeting in the Kremlin between Dmitry Medvedev and representatives of the business community, the president said the following:
We will take measures to protect the property of our business abroad. In general, protecting the interests of Russian business, not only within the country, but also abroad, is one of the priorities of the state.
Here Dmitry Medvedev made (and not for the first time!) a common mistake. According to the norms of the Russian language, of course, we must say “take” and not “take measures.” Still, they are making efforts. And yet many, especially in spontaneous speech, confuse these verbs.
“Apparently, we need to start with dictionaries,” comments the deputy director of the Institute of Russian Language named after V.V. Vinogradov Leonid Krysin. - According to dictionaries, “undertake” and “accept” are distinguished as follows. “To undertake” is to start doing something, to begin something: to undertake new research, so that we can do this? Here are some examples. And “accept” has many meanings for this verb, and in one of the meanings it means to commit, implement, make a decision (that is, decide), take part (that is, participate), take an oath (to swear) and take action. Please note that in the latter case, no verb can be substituted for the phrase. Perhaps this is why this mistake is often made - “take action” instead of “take action”. Of course, “undertake” and “accept” cannot be interchanged. You can’t say “accept new research” instead of “undertake” and, conversely, you can’t say “take part.”
- I think they are often mistaken, because appearance They are alike.
Yes, they are similar. But, in general, if we talk about this a little more generally, we must talk about such a property of language as selectivity, selectivity in the combination of words. She is very capricious and whimsical. We say “to provide assistance”, “to make an attack” or “to make a mistake”, but we cannot say “to provide an attack”, or “to provide a mistake”, or “to make a mistake”.
- This is what is called a stable phrase.
Yes. Linguists also call this idiomaticity, that is, the originality of such a combination - “to feel shame”, but “to have hope”, “to carry out an inspection”, but “to hold a meeting” and so on. All these verbs are somehow very selective, although they actually mean the same thing. They are almost empty in terms of meaning.
Yes, to understand to what extent, let us remember that in the Russian language there are verbs that are not empty - for example, chop. It is clear that this is a very specific action.
Well, yes, chop. A whole series of verbs derived from nouns - “help”, “influence”, “resist” (instead of “resist”) cannot be called empty. But these “perform”, “provide”, “carry out”, “produce”, of course, mean almost nothing. They seem to be pronouncing a noun.
If it is useless to appeal to the meaning here, because you said that many of these verbs mean almost the same thing, and all together mean little at all, therefore, the only recommendation for those who want to speak competently is to remember how to speak correctly ?
A native speaker does not remember this, he seems to absorb it as he masters his native language, just as he gets used to hearing from childhood. And during this process he learns to combine words correctly. As soon as an error occurs, the speaker notices it. Not being a linguist at all, he understands that it is impossible to say that.
This is if the language environment in which the child grows up is of high quality. And if he hears the head of state on TV saying “take action”...
Yes. This error is very common. Often many people simply don’t notice it.
A subtle expert on the Russian language, Nora Gal, in her extremely insightful book “Poetry of Translation,” advised, if possible, to avoid those very empty words that Leonid Krysin spoke about. And in fact, it sounds much more natural to “punish” rather than “to impose penalties”; “help”, not “provide assistance”. The above does not apply to the idiomatic expression “take action.” Here, if you want your speech to not have a hint of officialdom, formality, you need not to look for another word, but to reinterpret the entire sentence.
We constantly hear, for example, “take action” or “raise a toast” and don’t even think about the fact that saying that is wrong.
"It doesn't matter"
Violation of lexical compatibility of words is a very common mistake. We constantly hear, for example, “take action” or “raise a toast” and don’t even think about the fact that saying that is wrong.
As a rule, this error is caused by the fact that we mix combinations that are similar in meaning. For example, the combinations “take action” and “take steps” result in the erroneous “take action.” “Play a role” and “have a meaning” - “play a meaning.”
It would seem that what the problem is, because we understand what is being said. However, the language has its own norms and laws that must be observed in order to remain literate people and preserve the “great mighty Russian language” for future generations. So let's remember:
Take action - take steps, take action
Play a role - play a role, matter
Doesn't matter - doesn't matter, doesn't matter
Give support - provide support
Raise a toast - make a toast, raise a glass to...
To win - to win, to win the championship 
To be in the spotlight - to be in sight, to be the center of attention
Rapidly creeps up/down - rapidly rises/falls
Pay a fine - pay, pay a fine
Cheap prices - low prices
Increase production output - increase production output
Improve the level (for example, welfare) - increase the level (welfare)
Economic growth - growth of economic indicators
Gain respect - earn respect
Show concern - show concern. published
TAKE ACTION. Consistently carry out any appropriate actions to achieve something. If in the very justice of the Little Russians a villainous intent is revealed, then of course you would like to take measures(Derzhavin. Correspondence). .
He tried to show his zeal and found ways to take measures for the endless destruction of this evil(Derzhavin. Day note).
Phrasebook Russian literary language. - M.: Astrel, AST. A. I. Fedorov. 2008.
See what “Take action” is in other dictionaries:
take action- take measures (outdated) Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language. Practical guide. M.: Russian language. Z. E. Alexandrova. 2011… Synonym dictionary
Take/take action- Razg. Take what steps. actions to achieve something. F 2, 91. /i> Tracing paper from French. Prendre des mesures. BMS 1998, 372 ... Big dictionary Russian sayings
Accept Dictionary Ushakova
Accept- I will accept, you will accept, past. accepted, accepted, accepted; accepted, owl (to accept) 1. someone or something. To take, to receive from the one who gives. “Maria Ivanovna accepted the letter with a trembling hand.” Pushkin. Accept the gift. Accept the parcel. || Take, grab... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
ACCEPT- I will accept, you will accept, past. accepted, accepted, accepted; accepted, owl (to accept) 1. someone or something. To take, to receive from the one who gives. “Maria Ivanovna accepted the letter with a trembling hand.” Pushkin. Accept the gift. Accept the parcel. || Take, grab... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
Accept- I will accept, you will accept, past. accepted, accepted, accepted; accepted, owl (to accept) 1. someone or something. To take, to receive from the one who gives. “Maria Ivanovna accepted the letter with a trembling hand.” Pushkin. Accept the gift. Accept the parcel. || Take, grab... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
Accept- I will accept, you will accept, past. accepted, accepted, accepted; accepted, owl (to accept) 1. someone or something. To take, to receive from the one who gives. “Maria Ivanovna accepted the letter with a trembling hand.” Pushkin. Accept the gift. Accept the parcel. || Take, grab... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
Accept- I will accept, you will accept, past. accepted, accepted, accepted; accepted, owl (to accept) 1. someone or something. To take, to receive from the one who gives. “Maria Ivanovna accepted the letter with a trembling hand.” Pushkin. Accept the gift. Accept the parcel. || Take, grab... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
Measures taken by officials of state control (supervision) bodies in response to violations identified during control activities- when, as a result of measures to control violations of mandatory requirements by a legal entity or individual entrepreneur, officials of state control (supervision) bodies, within the limits of their powers, ... ... Encyclopedic dictionary-reference book for enterprise managers
accept- report to take action, recipient law to accept implementation, agreement to measure to accept implementation proposal to accept implementation, agreement invitation to take action, recipient, implementation, agreement to take active part action... ... Verbal compatibility of non-objective names
And why is it considered that speaking Russian is yours? native language, need no errors? Just think, it's a mistake! Not worth a broken egg! This is what those who confuse “the sinful with the righteous” think—a broken penny with a damn egg.
But there are also such expressions, the fallacy of which is not immediately apparent. One of them - take measures formed from stable expression take action and verb do something.
Every now and then we have unprecedented measures are being taken to ensure the security of the country, population and information network, to combat influenza and computer viruses, to save and develop the economy... Today we can already talk about the widespread development of such “entrepreneurship”, from the point of view of the norm - “illegal”.
In favor of the fact that measures still needed accept, Several arguments can be made. First of all, everyone knows the word event, A event so far can only be dreamed of in a nightmare about the fate of the language. Secondly, earlier, as recorded by Ushakov’s dictionary, there was a turnover take measures and this, in turn, is a tracing paper from French Prendre les mesures(in English there is a corresponding expression to take measures). Thirdly, the meanings of verbs accept And undertake nevertheless differ from each other, which determines the possibility of linguistic existence measures taken And attempts being made, steps, efforts, but not vice versa.
One of the dictionary meanings of the verb undertake- to take up something, to begin to do something, from this point of view, “to take action” means “to begin to act”, to begin to implement some plan. The idea is perhaps the most important component of any enterprise: you can undertake Scientific research or book publication, but this does not mean at all that the idea will not be empty and significant results will be obtained, and readers will be able to pick up a beautiful volume. If we decide take a trip That, leaving into it, we take a certain risk: you never know what awaits us along the way! Every “enterprise” has an element of adventurism (remember the turnover risky venture), we act impulsively, hoping for a successful continuation of our endeavors, but not being completely sure of this.
Now someone will definitely think: if “measures” are some kind of targeted actions, then they can also be “taken.” Let’s start activities, and then wherever the curve takes us. Expression Contamination Logic do something And take action clear, but, in my opinion, flawed. We “take action” when faced with a problem and expect that it will be solved (this semantic nuance shines through in the now stable combination drastic measures). Take action- means, first of all, to master the situation, to bring it into an acceptable framework ( measures– these are “dimensions, limits, boundaries”, by the way, in English expression to take measures"take action" matched to set measures“to limit something, to put a limit on it”): take action against violators of public order- Means moderate their aggression towards others. Well, then you need to change the existing state of affairs for the better; what is important here is not the process, but the result. "Take action!" – sounds normal. What about “take action”? Like “do something!”
And further: take action- in a certain sense it’s the same as decide, that is, take responsibility, or participate, sharing this responsibility in someone's destiny... So it's better event, how entrepreneurship. Less risk – both in terms of business and reputation.
Olga SEVERSKAYA,
Candidate of Philology,
Senior Researcher, Institute of Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Sciences,
presenter of the program “Speak Russian!”
on radio "Echo of Moscow"
