A brief retelling of Hans Christian Andersen. G.H. Andersen biography briefly for children. A few words about the creation of his fairy tales

Thumbelina

Thumbelina is a tiny girl, just an inch tall, a fantastic creature, the embodiment of kindness, courage, patience, and constancy. D. emerges with honor from difficult trials while she is among disgusting toads, cockchafers and mice. For this, D. expects a fair reward - a happy, serene life in the kingdom of the elves.

Flint

The Soldier is the hero of a folk story about a soldier who marries a king's daughter and becomes the ruler of a state. Preserving the features of a folklore character, Andersen sympathetically portrays the dexterous and quick-witted S., who, having taken possession of a magic flint, kills the “ugly old witch”, deals with the king and queen who hid their daughter from him, and, yielding to the demands of the townspeople, he himself becomes king and marries a beautiful princess. At the same time, Andersen's attitude towards his hero is colored with soft, sly humor. S. is not only dexterous and courageous, but also frivolous and not without vanity. And yet, S.’s best spiritual qualities, his kindness and courage, make him, in the author’s eyes, worthy of the award he received.

Princess on the Pea

The Princess and the Pea is an image created based on folk tales in which the princess has to endure a test - to prove that she meets the requirements placed on her. Andersen treats his heroine with sly humor. After the test, no one has any doubt that the girl who came to the royal castle on a rainy night is really a princess. “She felt the pea through forty mattresses and down jackets - only a real princess could be such a delicate person.” In P.'s incredible delicacy, which makes her a worthy bride of the prince, Andersen, according to him, in a comic form captured his own extraordinary sensitivity, which often served as a reason for him to joke.

Mermaid

The Little Mermaid is a fairy-tale image created on the basis of a folk belief, creatively reworked by Andersen. Popular belief said that the mermaid acquired an immortal soul thanks to the faithful love of a person. According to Andersen, such a circumstance contained an element of chance. So he allowed his heroine to “go a more natural, beautiful way.” At the cost of incredible suffering, R. fails to win the heart of the handsome prince. She dies, turning into sea foam. And yet R. does not want to do as her sisters advise her: to kill the prince and find herself back in her underwater palace. Spiritual beauty and nobility do not allow R. to buy life and happiness at the cost of the death of her loved one: “... she looked at the sharp knife and again fixed her gaze on the prince, who in a dream uttered the name of his young wife. ...and the knife trembled in the hands of the little mermaid, but she threw it far into the waves.” In R., the writer embodies the ideal of selfless, sacrificial love, which has nothing to do with the selfish thirst for pleasure and happiness. R. became a symbol of the writer’s creativity and a symbol of Denmark.

Hans the block

Hans is an image created based on folk tales. Three peasant sons they woo the king's daughter, and the youngest wins. Like the hero of folk tales, who is considered stupid and given the nickname Hans the Blockhead, X. is not stupid at all, but, on the contrary, is smart and resourceful. Unlike his brothers, one of whom is going to conquer the princess by knowing by heart the Latin dictionary and all the city newspapers for three years, and the other has memorized the entire code of laws and can talk about state affairs, X. presents the princess with a dead crow, a wooden shoe and dirt instead of gravy. He does not mince words and immediately finds an appropriate answer to any question from the princess. X. wins because, in Andersen's eyes, scholastic learning cannot compete with natural spontaneity and ingenuity.

Persistent tin soldier

The Steadfast Tin Soldier - fairy tale character, the embodiment of unbending courage, perseverance and perseverance. He's a clear loser. There wasn't enough tin to cast it, so it stands on one leg. But he stands on it “as firmly as the others on two.” The main feature of his nature is extraordinary fortitude. He sets out on a dangerous voyage in a light paper boat, enters into a duel with a large, impudent rat, does not get lost when he finds himself in the belly of a huge fish, and behaves just as courageously in a burning stove. He dies in the fire along with his beloved, a beautiful dancer cut out of paper. The fire melts him, but his “little tin heart” remains unharmed - a symbol of love, loyalty and fearlessness.

ugly duck

The ugly duckling is a fairy-tale image that embodies the author's ideas about the fate and purpose of a genius: despite all circumstances, he will definitely achieve recognition and fame. G.u., born in a duck's nest, has to endure a lot in life. He is considered ugly, since he is not at all like the other inhabitants of the poultry yard, “limiting the limits of the world with a groove with burdocks.” He seems just as ugly and incapable of anything to the cat and chicken who live with the old woman in her wretched house. He suffers from the hostility of others and painful doubts about himself. But one day he feels that he has grown strong wings. He flies onto the water and sees his own reflection in the water, clear as a mirror. G.u. turned into a beautiful swan. “Now he was glad that he had suffered so much grief: he could better appreciate his happiness and all the beauty that surrounded him.” Image of G. u. is largely autobiographical in nature. As critics note, in the history of G. u. Andersen, in allegorical form, convincingly depicts the struggle that he himself had to wage on the path to fame and honor.

Nightingale

The nightingale is a fabulous image, the embodiment of true living art. S. is expelled from the imperial palace, in which an artificial bird takes his place. He returns at the moment when the emperor lies on his deathbed. S. consoles and encourages the patient. His singing drives away terrible ghosts, and death itself, having listened to the nightingale, leaves the emperor’s room. Art is stronger than death. But an artist, like air, needs freedom. S. asks the emperor not to leave him, as before, at court, but to allow him to fly in whenever he wants. He will sing “about the happy and the unhappy, about the good and the evil” lurking around. S. flies everywhere, he knows life and can tell the emperor about everything in the world.

Road comrade

Johannes is the son of a poor peasant, who received 50 riksdalers as an inheritance from his father and gave his last money for the burial of another poor man, who miraculously later turned out to be his traveling companion and assistant, with the help of whom he marries a beautiful princess and receives a kingdom. Rethinking the image of the hero folk tale, Andersen strengthens the moral meaning of I.’s actions. Selfless love for the cruel princess bewitched by a troll forces I. to endure all the tests and show best features of your character.

The Snow Queen

Gerda is a fairy-tale image of a little girl, the embodiment of love, fidelity, courage and fearlessness. G.'s strength, according to Andersen, “is in her sweet, innocent childish heart.” G. saves his friend Kai, bewitched by the Snow Queen. A fragment of the “troll’s magic mirror” penetrated into Kai’s heart, and everything around him appears distorted. The Evil Snow Queen seems to him smart and charming, a model of perfection. She takes Kai to her magical castle. G. has to overcome many difficulties before she manages to find her friend. But her love overcomes all obstacles. G.'s tears, which fell on Kai's chest, melted the ice that had shackled his heart. Victory G. expresses philosophical idea fairy tales are the triumph of sincere, spontaneous feelings over cold and dispassionate reason.

Shadow

The scientist is an intelligent young man who wrote books about Truth, Goodness and Beauty. But no one cares about his books. He is haunted by grief and worries. He falls ill and becomes a servant of his own shadow. “The shadow perfectly knew how to act like a master, and the scientist, out of the kindness of his heart, didn’t even notice it.” The shadow addresses him as “you” and eventually begins to impersonate U., and call him his own shadow. When the shadow appropriates his mind and knowledge and wooes the royal daughter, W. intends to open her eyes to her future husband: “I will tell her everything! I’ll say that I’m a man, and you’re just a shadow!” However, all his attempts to expose the deception lead nowhere. They get rid of him, and the shadow celebrates his wedding with the princess. U. is the embodiment of honor and goodness, for which there is no place in a world where deception, cunning and lies rule.

Hans Christian Andersen was born on April 2, 1805 in Odense on the island of Funen. Andersen's father, Hans Andersen (1782-1816), was a poor shoemaker, his mother Anna Marie Andersdatter (1775-1833), was a laundress from a poor family, she had to beg as a child, she was buried in a cemetery for the poor. In Denmark, there is a legend about Andersen's royal origin, since in an early biography Andersen wrote that as a child he played with Prince Frits, later King Frederick VII, and he had no friends among the street boys - only the prince. Andersen's friendship with Prince Frits, according to Andersen's fantasy, continued into adulthood, until the latter's death. After the death of Frits, with the exception of relatives, only Andersen was allowed to visit the coffin of the deceased. The reason for this fantasy was the boy’s father telling him that he was a relative of the king. Since childhood, the future writer showed a penchant for daydreaming and writing, and often staged impromptu home performances that caused laughter and ridicule from children. In 1816, Andersen's father died, and the boy had to work for food. He was apprenticed first to a weaver, then to a tailor. Then Andersen worked at a cigarette factory. In his early childhood, Hans Christian was an introverted child with big blue eyes who sat in the corner and played his favorite game - puppet theater. He retained this only occupation in his youth.

At the age of 14, Andersen went to Copenhagen; his mother let him go because she hoped that he would stay there for a while and return. When she asked the reason why he was traveling, leaving her and home, young Andersen immediately replied: “To become famous!” He went with the goal of getting a job in the theater, citing his love for everything connected with it. He received the money from a letter of recommendation from the colonel, in whose family he staged his performances as a child. During his year in Copenhagen he tried to get into the theater. First, he came to the home of a famous singer and, bursting into tears with excitement, asked her to get him into the theater. She, just to get rid of the annoying strange lanky teenager, promised to arrange everything, but, of course, did not fulfill her promise. Much later, she will tell Andersen that she simply mistook him for a madman. Hans Christian was a lanky teenager with elongated and thin limbs, a neck and an equally long nose, he was a kind of life analogue Ugly Duckling. But thanks to his pleasant voice and his requests, as well as out of pity, Hans Christian, despite his unspectacular appearance, was accepted into the Royal Theater, where he played minor roles. He was used less and less, and then age-related loss of voice began, and he was fired. Andersen, meanwhile, composed a play in 5 acts and wrote a letter to the king, convincing him to give money for its publication. This book also included poems. Hans Christian took care of the advertising and announced it in the newspaper. The book was printed, but no one bought it, it was used for wrapping. He did not lose hope and took his book to the theater so that a performance based on the play could be staged. He was refused with the wording “due to the author’s complete lack of experience.” But he was offered to study because of their kind attitude towards him, seeing his desire. People who sympathized with the poor and sensitive boy petitioned the King of Denmark, Frederick VI, who allowed him to study at a school in the town of Slagels, and then at another school in Elsinore at the expense of the treasury. This meant that I would no longer have to think about a piece of bread or how to live on. The students at school were 6 years younger than Andersen. He later recalled his years at school as the darkest time of his life, due to the fact that he was subjected to severe criticism from the rector educational institution and was painfully worried about this until the end of his days - he saw the rector in nightmares. In 1827, Andersen completed his studies. Until the end of his life, he made many grammatical errors in writing - Andersen never mastered literacy.

In 1829, the fantastic story “A Journey on Foot from the Holmen Canal to the Eastern End of Amager” published by Andersen brought the writer fame. Little was written before 1833, when Andersen received a financial allowance from the king, which allowed him to make the first trip abroad in his life. From this time on, Andersen writes a large number of literary works, including in 1835 the “Fairy Tales” that made him famous. In the 1840s, Andersen tried to return to the stage, but without much success. At the same time, he confirmed his talent by publishing the collection “Picture Book Without Pictures.” The fame of his “Fairy Tales” grew; The 2nd edition of “Fairy Tales” was started in 1838, and the 3rd in 1845. By this time he was already a famous writer, widely known in Europe. In June 1847 he came to England for the first time and was given a triumphant welcome. In the second half of the 1840s and the following years, Andersen continued to publish novels and plays, trying in vain to become famous as a playwright and novelist. At the same time, he despised his fairy tales, which brought him well-deserved fame. Nevertheless, he continued to write more and more fairy tales. The last fairy tale was written by Andersen on Christmas Day 1872. In 1872, Andersen fell out of bed, was badly hurt and never recovered from his injuries, although he lived for another three years. He died on August 4, 1875 and is buried in Assistens Cemetery in Copenhagen.

Thumbelina

Flint

The Soldier is the hero of a folk story about a soldier who marries a king's daughter and becomes the ruler of a state. Preserving the features of a folklore character, Andersen

He sympathetically portrays the dexterous and quick-witted S., who, having taken possession of a magic flint, kills the “ugly old witch,” deals with the king and queen who were hiding their daughter from him, and, yielding to the demands of the townspeople, becomes king himself and marries a beautiful princess. At the same time, Andersen's attitude towards his hero is colored with soft, sly humor. S. is not only dexterous and courageous, but also frivolous and not without vanity. And yet, S.’s best spiritual qualities, his kindness and courage, make him, in the author’s eyes, worthy of the award he received.

Princess on the Pea

The Princess and the Pea - image,

Based on folk tales in which the princess has to endure a test to prove that she meets the requirements placed on her. Andersen treats his heroine with sly humor. After the test, no one has any doubt that the girl who came to the royal castle on a rainy night is really a princess. “She felt the pea through forty mattresses and down jackets - only a real princess could be such a delicate person.” In P.'s incredible delicacy, which makes her a worthy bride of the prince, Andersen, according to him, in a comic form captured his own extraordinary sensitivity, which often served as a reason for him to joke.

Mermaid

Hans the block

Hans is an image created based on folk tales. Three peasant sons woo the king's daughter, and the youngest wins. Like the hero of folk tales, who is considered stupid and given the nickname Hans the Blockhead, X. is not stupid at all, but, on the contrary, is smart and resourceful. Unlike his brothers, one of whom is going to conquer the princess by knowing by heart the Latin dictionary and all the city newspapers for three years, and the other has memorized the entire code of laws and can talk about state affairs, X. presents the princess with a dead crow, a wooden shoe and dirt instead of gravy. He does not mince words and immediately finds an appropriate answer to any question from the princess. X. wins because, in Andersen's eyes, scholastic learning cannot compete with natural spontaneity and ingenuity.

The Steadfast Tin Soldier

The Steadfast Tin Soldier is a fairy-tale character, the embodiment of unbending courage, fortitude and perseverance. He's a clear loser. There wasn't enough tin to cast it, so it stands on one leg. But he stands on it “as firmly as the others on two.” The main feature of his nature is extraordinary fortitude. He sets out on a dangerous voyage in a light paper boat, enters into a duel with a large, impudent rat, does not get lost when he finds himself in the belly of a huge fish, and behaves just as courageously in a burning stove. He dies in the fire along with his beloved, a beautiful dancer cut out of paper. The fire melts him, but his “little tin heart” remains unharmed - a symbol of love, loyalty and fearlessness.

ugly duck

Nightingale

Road comrade

Johannes is the son of a poor peasant, who received 50 riksdalers as an inheritance from his father and gave his last money for the burial of another poor man, who miraculously later turned out to be his traveling companion and assistant, with the help of whom he marries a beautiful princess and receives a kingdom. Reinterpreting the image of the hero of a folk tale, Andersen strengthens the moral meaning of I.’s actions. Selfless love for the cruel princess bewitched by a troll forces I. to withstand all the tests and show the best traits of his character.

The Snow Queen

Gerda is a fairy-tale image of a little girl, the embodiment of love, fidelity, courage and fearlessness. G.'s strength, according to Andersen, “is in her sweet, innocent childish heart.” G. saves his friend Kai, bewitched by the Snow Queen. A fragment of the “troll’s magic mirror” penetrated into Kai’s heart, and everything around him appears distorted. The Evil Snow Queen seems to him smart and charming, a model of perfection. She takes Kai to her magical castle. G. has to overcome many difficulties before she manages to find her friend. But her love overcomes all obstacles. G.'s tears, which fell on Kai's chest, melted the ice that had shackled his heart. G.'s victory expresses the philosophical idea of the fairy tale - the triumph of sincere, immediate feeling over a cold and dispassionate mind.

Shadow

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Andersen's Fairy Tales ( summary presented in this article) have won the sincere love of readers and are very popular all over the world. The writer gained fame after publishing a fantastic story called “A Walking Journey...” published in 1829. Since when did Andersen's fairy tales become famous? You can read a summary of the best of them in this article.

A few words about the creation of his fairy tales

The real creative breakthrough in the creation of literary works begins in 1835. This date is significant for his tales. In the 1840s, his collection “Picture Book without Pictures” was published, which confirms his inherent talent. Andersen's fairy tales gained success and fame with incredible speed. Brief summaries of their favorite works were retold to each other by devoted readers and eagerly awaiting new works. In 1838, the second edition of fairy tales was started, and in 1845 - the third. By this time he was already very famous throughout Europe. In 1847 he visited England, where he received a warm and cordial welcome. In the second half of the 1840s and in subsequent years, the writer worked with special diligence and published plays and novels, cherishing the dream of becoming famous as a playwright. But everything is in vain. Although Andersen’s fairy tales (a summary of which is well known to everyone) brought him fame, at some period of his life he began to despise them. However, he continues to write them. The most recent fairy tale was created in 1872 on Christmas Eve. That same year, the writer fell out of bed, was badly hurt, and could no longer recover from his injuries, although he lived for another three years. On August 4, 1875 he died.

Summary

"Flint".
"Road Comrade".
"Thumbelina."
"Storks".
"Princess on the Pea".
"Bad boy."
"Chamomile".
"Mermaid".

"Angel".
"Collar".
"Ugly duck".
"Buckwheat".
"The Little Match Girl"
"Spruce".
"Bride and groom".
"From the almshouse window."
"Bell".
"Red Shoes".
"Water drop".
"Linen".
"Little Tuck"
"Ole-Lukoje".
"The Shepherdess and the Chimney Sweep"
"Jumpers".
"Swineherd".
"The Snow Queen".
"Nightingale".
"From the ramparts."
"An old house".
"Happy Family"
"Neighbours".
"Shadow".
"Hill of Forest Spirits"

"Anne Lisbeth."
"Cheerful disposition."
"Everything has its place."
"Hans Churban".
"Yard Rooster and Weathervane."
"Two girls."
"Jewish."
"There is a difference!"
"Ib and Christinochka."
"Stone of Wisdom"
"Something".
"Bell Pool".
"So good!"
"Swan's Nest".
"At the edge of the sea."
"On the Dunes"
"The Silent Book".
"The Last Pearl"
"Pen and inkwell."
"Under the willow tree"
"Lost."
"Dream".
"Heartbreak."
"Piggy bank".
"Fast walkers."
glory."

Late period

"Godfather's Album"
"In the nursery."
"Van and Glen"
"Two brothers".
"Twelve Passengers"
"Ice Maiden"
"Moving Day"
"Dryad".
"Bishop of Berglum and his relatives."
"Toad".
"Green crumbs"
"Golden Boy".
"Who is the happiest?"
"Comet".
"Butterfly".
"In the poultry yard."
"Peyter, Peter and Peyr."
"Psyche".
"Snowdrop".
"Folk Song Bird"
"Silver Coin"
"Fairy tale".
"Snowman".
"Hidden - not forgotten."
"Old Church Bell"
"The Gatekeeper's Son"
"The Fate of the Burdock"
"Auntie."
"Rags".
"Whatever you can think of."

"The Flea and the Professor"
"Children of the Year"
"Days of the week".
"The Giant's Daughter"
"Evil Prince"
"Picture".
"The key to the gate."
"Blizzard Queen"
"Liza at the Well"
"What old woman Johanna talked about."
"The shepherd tends the sheep."
"Dance, doll, dance!"
"Twin Cities".
"Great grandfather".
"Rose".
"A Wives' Tale".
"Fairy tales in verse."
"Mascot".
"Aunt Toothache"

"Thumbelina"

Even a brief summary of the fairy tale “Thumbelina” by Andersen makes it clear what an amazing idea lies at its heart.

The woman could not have children and turned to the witch. She advised her to plant a tulip seed. The woman did so, and a miracle happened. An inch tall girl appeared. The nutshell became her cradle, and the tulip petal became her boat. But Thumbelina did not live long in this house. The girl's real adventure begins after she was kidnapped by the Toad for her ugly son. The fish saved her. The cockchafer liked the beauty, but his relatives did not appreciate his choice, and he left her. A sad little girl ends up in the hole of a very greedy field mouse, who advised her to marry a mole. Anticipating a dull life underground, Thumbelina went out to say goodbye to the sun and the swallow, whom she had been caring for all winter. She invited her to fly away with her. The girl agreed, and they flew to warmer lands. At the flower she met the king of the elves, who proposed to her. Thumbelina has finally found her prince.

"Flint"

One day a soldier met a witch. She suggested that he go to a hollow guarded by scary dogs, where he could collect a countless amount of jewelry. For this she asked to bring her flint. He did everything, but did not give up the flint, but cut off the adviser’s head. He soon squandered all the wealth from the hollow, losing all his new friends. One day he used a flint candle. A dog appeared that could grant three wishes.

One day he wanted to see the princess. The dog complied with his request. In the morning the girl told her mysterious dream.

Another time, the queen tied a bag of cereal onto her daughter’s back, which spilled onto the road. The soldier was tracked down and put in prison. On the day of execution, the soldier asked the shoemaker to bring him flint, for which he gave him 4 coppers. He wanted to smoke. After the click of the flint, three dogs appeared at once. They threw the audience so high that people crashed to the ground. The soldier was released and asked to take the princess as his wife. Invited dogs also sat at the wedding table.

In the forest there lived a nightingale who enchanted with his singing. The emperor ordered him to be found and brought to the palace. The subjects complied with his decree. The bird was placed in the palace, and it sang so much that the emperor became emotional and began to cry. The nightingale became very popular. Once japanese emperor sent a gold nightingale with precious stones to a colleague. He could sing one song from the repertoire of a living bird. A year later the nightingale broke down and was only brought in once a year. Five years later, the emperor fell ill, and there was no one to take care of the bird. And then a real nightingale appeared and with its song saved him from death. But he asked not to break the toy.

Thus, Andersen's fairy tales are popular all over the world. Their number and variety of fascinating plots confirm the genius of the author. He wrote them from 1835 until his death. The considered summary of the fairy tale “Thumbelina” by Andersen (as well as “Flint” and “Nightingale”) indicates interesting plots.