A pilot is a professional who controls an aircraft. A huge responsibility is assigned to such a person: the delivery of cargo safe and sound, the preservation of the vehicle and the lives of passengers and crew. Let's find out how to become a civil aviation pilot and what qualities a candidate should have.
The profession of a pilot has many advantages: it is decently paid, has a high demand, but is difficult to perform and requires serious training. Pilots control the operation of the most complex devices, and are able to interact with colleagues flying another aircraft. If the pilot gets confused or makes a mistake in some trifle, then this can lead to irreversible consequences.
The main crew members are the chief pilot and the co-pilot, who partially performs the duties of the first. The co-pilot is obliged to replace the chief pilot in cases where it is necessary. In addition, the assistant must know the structure of the aircraft and, together with the chief pilot, study the route to the flight.
Requirements for future pilots
Most often, places in universities are not budgetary, that is, paid. Despite this, getting there is not as easy as it seems. To pass the medical examination well, the following conditions are important:
- Absence of heart disease;
- Absence of diseases and deviations of the lungs;
- No problems with blood vessels;
- Absence of hypotension and hypertension;
- Normal vestibular apparatus;
- Perfect vision (one);
A medical examination is carried out on each course, and if health indicators fall, the student may be expelled. Also, a medical board is organized after the completion of training, before each flight on an aircraft.
Since the pilot is responsible not only for his own, but also for hundreds of other people's lives, he must maintain health at the maximum level, and constantly.
Civil Aviation Pilot Training
Future pilots understand that their training will not begin with flying an airplane, but with learning " inner world»aircraft - aircraft structures. For a complete study, courses are conducted:
- passage ways of using air transport;
- theoretical and practical control of the aircraft;
- reading maps and routes;
- meteorology;
- aerodynamics;
- engine mechanism;
- skydiving training;
- learning first aid and basic medical skills;
- learning a foreign language for foreign flights.
Additionally, in practice, students practice on simulators that simulate real flights.
After training, not all companies accept workers without experience. To be able to work for an airline, you need to earn flying hours and then get a special pilot's license. More often they take cadets who have practiced flying for at least a couple of years.
Probably, there are no such people who would have their own plane and runway. But for practice, this is exactly what is needed!
For such purposes, there are educational organizations that “rent” aircraft and runways for use. Of course, this is not cheap, because the construction and maintenance are expensive - fuel, repair and maintenance of aircraft.
How to become a pilot without receiving special education? Not everyone wants to study at a civil aviation academy for six years and then practice on training grounds. This is of interest to those who have received higher education of a different profile and wants to become an Aeroflot pilot from scratch, but does not have the opportunity to unlearn. Special flying clubs provide a chance to get trained and acquire a license for money (for example, the aviation school of Aeroflot). There are several stages in pilot training:
- First, the student receives an amateur pilot certificate, with which you can fly (for example, with family and friends), but not work;
- At the second stage, the title of “pilot of a commercial organization” is awarded, which allows you to fly on short flights, fly small aircraft with a single engine;
- After the completion of the third stage, they are awarded the title of a line pilot, who has the right to fly any aircraft.
Specialists trained in this way practice two to three times more than students, and therefore they are more likely to be hired immediately after training.
Students study for a different amount of time depending on the price and level of training, as well as the prestige of the educational institution. IN Lately training periods are reduced by almost three times and the goal is to teach the pilot the most important thing, ignoring the secondary. Therefore, today's pilots are becoming operators rather than civil aviation pilots.
The cost of training and salary of a civil aviation pilot in Russia
Typically, training in flying clubs usually costs about 20-30 thousand dollars, sometimes a loan is provided for training, but in this case, you will most often have to work it out in an airline. Some companies offer accelerated courses, training, but it costs even more than 80-100 thousand rubles.
There are also options with a down payment, after which a loan is provided for the balance. Considering how much a civil aviation pilot in Russia earns (from 200 thousand rubles), it will be possible to close the loan quickly.
The best Russian universities
Krasnoyarsk branch of St. Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation
The university was founded in 2009 on the basis of the Krasnoyarsk Technical College of Civil Aviation. Students receive here secondary specialized education in two specialties. The university offers four faculties: air traffic control, radio engineering, aircraft flight operation and air transport management.
Studying takes place both on the budget and under the contract. Students practice on special simulators, reminiscent of air transport.
Moscow Aviation Institute (MAI)
Built in 1930, popular with "techies". Specialists are trained on special equipment - airplanes, helicopters, missiles, avionics and radars. Future pilots practice at the aerodrome of the Institute of Civil Aviation (the only one among the rest educational institutions).
The Civil Aviation Flight School in Moscow has a low passing score (relative to other educational institutions), and there are a sufficient number of budget places.
Ulyanovsk Higher Aviation School of Civil Aviation
It was built a little earlier than the Buguruslan School, in 1935. The educational institution prepares bachelors with the specialty of the second pilot and specialists in the operation of airliners and flight organization. There is a training complex.
Saint Petersburg State University civil aviation
It was founded in 1955 and has since produced 50,000 pilots and other specialists. Students receive the qualification "engineer-pilot". The program deeply studies navigation and new ways of driving an airplane. The university also provides special simulators for navigators and air traffic controllers.
So how do you become an airplane pilot? This profession is difficult and requires composure and responsibility, so only a mentally and physically healthy person can drive such transport - having health problems, you will not become a pilot.
If a child from childhood dreams of becoming a civil aviation pilot in the future, then he must temper himself, develop his strength and endurance, study well, and then the dream will become a reality!
There are many earthlings, and we are all very different. But among all people, some part is distinguished by a special temperament - an indestructible desire for the sky, a thirst for flight. It is from them that the best pilots of civil and military aviation come out. But other applicants also come to the selection committees of flight schools. Someone was simply attracted by romance, someone saw profitable prospects in a pilot's license, someone goes for a company with a friend obsessed with the sky.
In any case, it is better for each of the future cadets to know in advance what awaits them when they enter the flight school and after graduation. For a subsequent successful career, many points that you should think about even before sending documents to the school's admissions office can be important.
Military or civilian?
The first thing that a future pilot has to decide is which school to prefer, civil or military. Military schools have stricter requirements, including disciplinary ones. They pay a small stipend, provide uniforms and housing (in the barracks). Upon graduation, you will receive not only a higher military special education, but in addition, a civilian specialty "Operation of aircraft". The main problem in obtaining the specialty of a military pilot is that in Russia today there is only one higher military aviation educational institution in Krasnodar, and recruitment there is far from every year. Accordingly, the competition is high and it is not easy to become a cadet. Education at a military school is free, a referral can be issued by a military registration and enlistment office. There, applicants will be able to get up-to-date answers to all questions related to the career of a military pilot.
There are much more opportunities to get the coveted crusts of a civil aviation pilot. But here you should first decide what these very crusts are for, what are your career aspirations and ambitions. You don’t need higher education to fly a light sport aircraft, but to work on large civil aviation liners, you need not only a higher education and a diploma of a line pilot, but also many hours of flight time.
Education in educational institutions of civil aviation can be both budgetary and on a paid basis. There are other tuition-related expenses. However, studying in a civilian school is a little easier, and the health requirements are a little softer than in a military one.
What is needed for admission
- Good physical fitness and impeccable health. Applicants undergo a thorough medical examination, and even with excellent grades in the certificate and high chances of passing the exams as “excellent”, you can not pass because of your health. Moreover: if the state of health worsens during the study, the student may well be expelled.
- Age from 18 years old
- Pass exams in the Russian language (exposition) and mathematics, for some specialties they also pass physics
- Conclusion on professional suitability, which is issued after an interview with psychologists
What awaits a flight school graduate: career and professional growth prospects
Like a driver's license, pilot licenses can be of different categories, and the prospects that open up directly depend on the category. But not only the category is important: for example, graduates of higher educational institutions of civil aviation immediately receive commercial pilot licenses, but this entitles them only to fly as a co-pilot on most aircraft, and there are restrictions. This is due to the low number of hours flown.
And in order to become a line pilot and get the opportunity to fly large airliners as an aircraft commander, according to Russian rules, at least 1,500 flying hours are required. Abroad, the requirements for the highest category of pilots are somewhat lower, and getting the coveted crusts there is a little easier.
However, the situation in Russian aviation is currently changing. Most Soviet-era pilots retire, and today's flight school graduates have much less opportunity to earn the required flying hours. Therefore, many airlines are forced to reduce the requirements for the number of hours flown. Moreover, airlines literally line up behind graduates who have proven themselves well. Such pilots receive additional flight hours as early as training centers companies.
If you have no desire to make a career in the sky, and you need crusts only for flying for your own pleasure, you can not waste time studying at a flight school. It's easier to take courses at the nearest flying club. After fulfilling a number of standards and passing exams, you will be issued an amateur pilot certificate, which will be quite enough to fly light aircraft and helicopters for your pleasure and join the Flying Brotherhood with a light soul.
Flying brotherhood: what is it
According to official sources, the "Flight Brotherhood" is a public organization created by graduates of the Kharkov Air Force Academy. In fact, the “flight brotherhood” refers to the special relationship that connects everyone who is related to aviation. These relationships are based on friendship and mutual assistance. For example, in the old days, a pilot, finding himself in a hopeless situation in any city, could approach any unfamiliar colleague and ask for help - money, accommodation, etc. And get what you want. The debt was returned rigorously - by a simple postal order or mutual favor. “Flight brotherhood” meant exactly this - trust, readiness to come to the rescue of a brother in wings.
Unfortunately, all this is now in the past. Some schools and flying clubs have their own traditions of "initiation into the Flying Brotherhood", but these are rather exceptions than a widespread custom. "Flyers" simply communicate in their environment, help their own as much as possible - as it happens in other communities, united by a common passion, one hobby.
And the girls?
But for girls, no one covers the path to aviation with roses. Until recently, women were not admitted to any aviation academy for flight specialties, until in 2007 one of the applicants sued the educational institution and won the case. Today, girls can also apply for flying specialties, but airlines still prefer to hire men.
However, the growing shortage of personnel is forcing airline management to treat female pilots with ever greater reverence. The leaders of the Sasovo flight school even say that their graduates can outdo any male pilot.
The Last Frontier: How to Convince Parents
If parents believe that the profession of a pilot is too dangerous and not promising enough, and that it is better to choose more mundane and less adrenaline-filled specialties, they need to be worked with and convinced. And you need to start as early as possible. The conversation should be conducted not on emotions, but with facts at the ready. For every argument of excited parents, a whole volley of counter-arguments should follow, with facts, statistics and mathematical calculations.
The list of common objections is always roughly the same:
- "The profession is not promising." Nothing of the kind - very promising! In recent years, the country's air fleet has been increasing annually by several tens (or even hundreds) of aircraft, on which there will soon be no one to fly. Soviet-era pilots are retiring, and there are few new ones. The annual need for pilots is about 2 thousand people, and flight schools let out no more than 500 people.
- "Low salary" is not true! The salary of pilots is more than decent, and increases in proportion to professional growth. Even a co-pilot can receive about 200 thousand rubles shortly after graduation from the school. In addition, there are nice bonuses: a long vacation, early retirement, a good social package and big discounts on family flights. And there are also excellent opportunities to work abroad: many airlines are happy to hire Russian pilots.
- "Airplanes are falling, it's dangerous" - and if you compare it with car accidents? There are countless more accidents on the roads and while driving on the ground. Driving a car is much more dangerous than flying, but because of this, no one refuses to drive a car.
In addition, many flight academies have military departments, which saves the graduate from military service.
How do cadets live?
For those who entered budget places, the state provides full maintenance: uniforms, meals, a hostel for visitors, a scholarship. Cadets are also provided with all study guides and materials. Cadets of paid groups provide for themselves.
Inside the campus and within the walls of the school or academy, discipline is strict. However, it is not as strict as in a military school, and with good motivation, cadets do not feel negative from disciplinary requirements. And the slobs and slobs in the sky have nothing to do.
The living conditions depend on each specific educational institution, as the internal regulations.
Training terms and cost
Training time for a flight specialty on the basis of secondary education (11 years) - 34 months (basic level).
The cost of paid education is determined by each educational institution independently. For example, in the UVAU GA in the current academic year, training in the specialty "Flight Operation of Aircraft" will cost almost 90 thousand rubles for theory. distance learning noticeably cheaper: 35,500 rubles. As for the cost of practical flights for future pilots, for those studying on a commercial basis, the order of amounts there is from $ 140,000.
There are no similar materials.
Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation has started training pilots for civil aviation since 2018. Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation (MSTU GA) in accordance with the Development Strategy for 2016-2030. plans in 2018 to open a new direction of training under the bachelor's program "Flight Operation of Civil Aircraft". MSTU GA today has all the necessary licenses and permits to start training pilots. Theoretical classes will be held on the basis of the university on their own educational programs which the first two years of training will largely coincide with the training programs for air traffic controllers. To provide simulator and flight practice, the university will use the training facilities of a reputable foreign educational institution.
Where can I get training as a civil aviation pilot in Russia?
Bugaeva Personally, it was difficult for me to get into this institute. I passed in the “second wave”, and there were health problems at admission: I have flat feet.
The surgeon did not want to let me through, sent me to do an x-ray of the foot. Basically, applicants have vision problems and a deviated septum: because of this, most often they are not allowed to enter.
A severe concussion in the past can also cause rejection. At first glance, a deviated septum is not a problem.
However, at high altitude, the pressure on all organs increases (it is no coincidence that the ears are blocked there), and with a curvature, you will not be able to breathe through your nose. That is, you won’t be able to breathe properly at work at all.
Studying at UIGA, in general, seems to me satisfactory. Since the beginning of training, about 60 people have already been expelled from us due to poor progress.
Cost of education
For those who dream of working in the sky, there are two ways - a flight school and a school for private pilots. Aircraft control belongs to the “technical operation” section, which means that it is not necessary to get a higher education - a specialized secondary education is enough.
Attention
Nevertheless, educational institutions impose strict requirements on applicants, which not all applicants meet. For example, before admission, you need to undergo a mandatory medical examination, just like a real pilot before concluding an employment contract or contract (we are not joking), and check the level of physical fitness.
The standards depend on age and gender, the program includes sprinting and long distance running, pull-ups or push-ups, jumps and exercises for the abdominal muscles. The medical flight expert commission (VLEK) assesses the state of not only physical, but also mental health.
Initial training of amateur pilots at the stork flight school
In total, to complete the course, you need to “flow” at least 40 hours. One of the main advantages of the pilot's profession is high wages.
Important
The co-pilot receives an average of 150 thousand rubles. per month, and the first - from 300 thousand rubles, and you can become one already at the age of 26-27, having two thousand hours of flight practice as a co-pilot. In addition, pilots will get a lot of nice bonuses: 70 vacation days a year, corporate air tickets for themselves and their families, and housing if they have to work in another city.
Aeroflot, for example, promises pilots wages in the amount of up to 400 thousand rubles. per month (a crew commander with the highest qualification of a commercial pilot can count on such a salary), as well as a social package (up to 300 thousand rubles per pilot annually).
How to become a passenger plane pilot
Only those whom she recognizes fit can become students. Psychological testing means a lot: if two applicants have the same grades in the certificate, the commission will make a choice in favor of the one who passed it better.
Students should not forget about health even after admission: if it worsens during training, the case may end in expulsion. The absolute advantage of state flight schools is the opportunity to study for free.
After completing the course, their graduates are awarded the qualification of a commercial pilot (the second of three possible: a private pilot, a commercial pilot and a line pilot), while private flying schools can only offer a qualification of a private pilot. It will not allow you to find a job in your specialty, but will, in fact, allow you to learn how to fly an airplane.
However, studying at a private school is expensive: a theoretical course will cost 45 thousand rubles.
Aeroflot Flight School: training center
Interestingly, in this test, the questions are repeated several times: only the wording changes. After the test, you need to go through a medical-flight expert commission, which very carefully checks your health, and then pass the physical standards: pull-ups, running 100 and 1000 meters. If all the tests are passed successfully, enrollment occurs according to USE results(physics, Russian language and mathematics). The advantages of studying at UIGA are state support (uniform, meals, hostel with an additional payment of only 700 rubles per year), an interesting program and excellent practice. The downside for someone, perhaps, is the difficulty in studying, but this is required by the profession, so I do not consider this a disadvantage. Many guys are expelled due to poor progress in aerodynamics, navigation, meteorology, but if you try, everything will be fine.
Aeromag Flight School Aerodrome Kolomna
Read more] If you want to learn how to fly an airplane on your own and start training as a private pilot, the Aeromag flight school, located not far from Moscow, is open for you. Learning how to fly an airplane and becoming a pilot is actually very simple, no more difficult than learning to drive a car! Earn a Private Pilot License (PPL) with our C-172S Glass Cockpit Pilot School or learn a new type of C-172S aircraft. After that, you will be able to fly all over Russia! With the introduction of a notification system for flights, it is enough to inform the dispatcher of your route via the Internet one hour before departure. AEC "Aeromag" was founded in January 2011 under the most experienced aviation club of the same name in Russia, leading its history since 1934. AUC closely cooperates with the Sasovo Hero Soviet Union Tarana G.A.
Accordingly, saving on the cost of training will not allow you to get a full experience of negotiations with dispatchers. Is it possible to credit the existing flight time? Most of the cost of training is formed due to the need to fly off the practical program, to gain flight experience. There are times when a trainee already has a flight time and wants to credit it so as not to pay twice for hours already flown. Unfortunately, most often such a raid will not be credited. Military aviation and DOSAAF (ROSTO) Plaque received while serving in armed forces Russian Federation cannot be counted towards civil aviation pilot training programs. Any evidence of state aviation (i.e. military) is not recognized in civil aviation. Therefore, in addition to military pilots, those who flew in the DOSAAF / ROSTO system cannot count their flight time and certificates, because. it is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Defense.
We can practice on two types of aircraft: Diamond DA 40 (initial training aircraft) and Diamond DA 42 (final aircraft). On the DA 40, cadets mainly learn how to fly: take off, land and visual flights. Everyone must fly 100 hours on it. On DA 42 flights are carried out on instruments and air routes to neighboring cities - Samara, Kazan, Penza, Saransk and Cheboksary. You need to fly 50 hours on it. The period for which you fly this number of hours depends on the instructor and on the time of year: there were guys who “flew off” the original plane in two months. And on the DA 42, the raid is always fast, since the flights are carried out both day and night. In addition, this aircraft is not so dependent on the weather. Usually you can fly the required number of hours in a month and a half. The flight schedule is made by the instructor.
Training for a civil aviation pilot in Moscow price
You should not overpay for those ratings that will not be useful to you in the near future. They will be available later. Organization of training In flying clubs, where training is the main activity, prices are lower due to economies of scale and streamlined business processes.
In an flying club with a couple of aircraft and instructors, training will cost much more (which is what we are seeing in Russia). Also, the cost of training depends on what the instructors are.
In the United States, it is common practice to hire newly graduated pilots as instructors, who a month ago were still learning themselves. In such schools, the cost of education is much lower, but the quality is appropriate. Distance from the airport big city The more remote the airfield from a major city, the cheaper the training, as a rule. At the same time, the airfield is often located in uncontrolled airspace.
A commercial pilot license is about 4.6 times more expensive. Airline pilot license is about 6 times more expensive than PPL, about 30% more expensive than CPL.
The integrated ATPL course involves obtaining a "frozen" license. This means that at the end of the program you will have approximately 250 hours of flying time.
And for the ATPL license to take effect, 1500 flight hours are required. Accordingly, you will need to get a job as a commercial pilot or pay an additional 1250 hours to gain the missing flight time.
It is not necessary to immediately take an integrated course from zero to ATPL. You can learn gradually over several years. First PPL, then approvals for flights on multi-engine aircraft and instrument flights. Then CPL, ATPL. It will be more expensive than an integrated course, but you don’t need to immediately allocate a large amount and break away from family and work for a year.
Words cannot express what I experienced during my first training flight: euphoria, joy and anxiety at the same time. If we talk about practical training, then here, if you combine practice with studying at the institute, it is not easy to get used to the regime: getting up at 4:00, leaving at 5:00, in the afternoon you arrive from the airfield squeezed like a lemon, and you still need to restore the missed lectures and prepare for tomorrow. After all, you need to prepare for every flight day. I also had extra classes English language. There was little free time - that's the main difficulty. But these are, in fact, trifles. After all, after graduating from the university, I can immediately get a job in an airline in my specialty, although there I will need to undergo retraining on a new type of aircraft, which lasts about a year. Alexander Molostov, 4th year student of the Ulyanovsk Institute of Civil Aviation. Air Marshal B.P.
The pilot is one of the most romantic and prestigious modern professions. Almost all boys and girls dream of becoming either pilots or flight attendants. Last years the country began to experience a shortage of truly professionally trained pilots. The state solves this problem by attracting foreign pilots. Yes, and the airlines themselves begin a personal hunt for young professionals from their first courses at the institutes.
What actually lies behind a seemingly simple job like just air traffic control? Just "wanting" is not enough. You need to have a high level of stress resistance, skills, knowledge, and undergo appropriate training.
For a year of service on board a civil airliner, a pilot receives a salary of 10-15 times more than a simple office worker. And here it is worth considering for all young people on the verge of choosing their future profession.
In this area, not everything is so simple and “transparent”. On the one hand, there is a need for pilots, and on the other hand, it is not so easy for a graduate of a flight school to get a good job. Almost all flying establishments basically have budget places, but not everyone will be happy to take them. What does it mean?
The first indispensable condition at the beginning of training, and, in general, before choosing this profession, is having excellent health.
The future pilot must have excellent:
- Vision;
- Hearing;
- the cardiovascular system;
- Lungs and vestibular apparatus.
This is one of the few professions for which there is a strict age limit. You can become a pilot up to the age of 30 and not later. Much attention is paid to knowledge foreign languages. And English is a prerequisite for admission to major airlines. The more languages a pilot knows, the more likely they are to get a job with a prestigious airline.
Education
Student pilots live a busy life interesting life. Their compulsory training includes acquaintance with the most different types flight devices at first. Be sure to study navigation, or in other words - the professional language of pilots. Many hours of theory and practice in the control of flight devices, lessons in the application of air routes, orienteering. And also: the basics of the first medical care and rescue skills, skydiving, meteorology, aerodynamics, engineering, from engines to airplanes. The volumes of information are unusually large and complex.
Along with the study of theory, students must first practice on special simulators located directly in the educational institutions themselves. Subsequently, the pilot must fly a certain number of hours to confirm the certification for his professional suitability.
After graduation, you will not be able to immediately sit at the helm of a passenger airliner. The graduate must additionally fly hours that will improve his qualifications and obtain a flight license. An employer is always more interested in a pilot who has more flight hours on his track record.
Our country has only three universities where you can get the profession of a civil pilot:
Moscow State University of Civil Aviation
Ulyanovsk Institute of Civil Aviation. Air Chief Marshal B.P. Bugaev
Other secondary technical aviation institutions are scattered throughout the country, and, in fact, are small branches of the above universities.
In addition, there are clubs that sell piloting courses.
As a rule, they are commercially oriented with their own step-by-step educational system.
- Stage one (initial). Issues an amateur pilot certificate without the right to work. You can fly at your pleasure, but without passengers.
- 2nd stage (commercial). After completing the first stage training, a pilot can improve his skills and get a job on small commercial flights. It is allowed to drive light aircraft with one engine and fly short distances.
- 3rd stage line pilot. The most demanded and highly paid category in the employers' market. You can get it only by passing the previous two, or by having a diploma from a special educational institution.
Airline pilots have the most flight hours and have priority at the time of hiring over other categories.
License (certificate)
As you already understood from the above, in our country there are 3 categories of civil aviation pilots:
- Private pilot;
- Commercial pilot;
- Line Pilot.
If you want to fly, then get a pilot's license, which will confirm your right to complete a course or institute.
To issue a license or a pilot's certificate is required:
- Age: for an amateur pilot - at least 18 years old, for a line pilot - 21 years old;
- Medical examination. Validity: 3 years if the pilot is under 40 years old, 2 years - after 40 years.
- Certification for theoretical training: aircraft design, practical operation of aircraft, aircraft navigation, aviation medicine.
- The practice of being personally at the helm for at least 42 hours. Flights under the supervision of an instructor qualified for instruction and training on the ground.
If you have a certain amount of money and a desire to fly, you can, if not buy a helicopter, then learn how to fly it.
It is by no means uncommon that in private aviation schools it is possible to obtain a helicopter license almost as easily as driving a car. To do this, it will be necessary to pass the theoretical part of the material and fly the required number of hours.
As for the tuition fees, the price will vary depending on:
- helicopter type;
- your previous training and the amount of knowledge you have in the field of aviation.
Most often, training takes place on an individual basis under the supervision of an experienced instructor. If training takes place in groups, then they are completed up to 5 people no more.
Upon completion of training and passing all exams, a state-issued civil aviation amateur pilot certificate is issued. By this time, you will already be aware of all possible authorized flight routes, and for which air zones additional authorization will be required.
Investigation of the plane crash of the Boeing 737 in Kazan. It turned out that the most "working" version of what happened is the crew's mistake. IAC specialists found out that the technical condition of the aircraft was at the proper level.
Pilot errors are causing more and more air crashes in Russia. According to the experts, it is human factor became decisive in the last major air crashes: the crash of the Tu-134 near Petrozavodsk, the Tu-154 at Domodedovo airport and the Yak-42 liner in Yaroslavl (then the entire Lokomotiv hockey team died).
The average age of pilots is on the rise. Young specialists appear, but not in sufficient numbers: pilots are trained only in three universities in the country.
Chief among them is the University of Civil Aviation in Saint Petersburg. Education is conducted at 8 faculties, the average term of study is five years. University graduates after graduation are called to pilot civil aviation ships. The university also trains aviation managers and technicians.
Another "pilot" university is located in Ulyanovsk - the Higher Aviation School of Civil Aviation. It also has eight areas of training, the average duration of study is four years. The school in Ulyanovsk is more "diversified" and trains not only pilots for civil aviation, but also those who can ensure the proper preparation of an aircraft for flight (various training).
The last representative of the profile "flight" educational institution -. It has 12 faculties and the university is much more versatile. Rather, it trains specialists who can develop technical innovations for the aviation and space industries. The average term of study is 5 years.
According to unofficial data, the first two universities have produced 2,707 pilots over the past 10 years. Now the competition in flight schools is small. There are cases when "retrainers" - military pilots - are hired. Well, young pilots are immediately entrusted with serious tests. Previously, for the first three years, graduates were allowed only to the An-2 "maize", then they were gradually transferred to larger ones - An-26 and Tu-134.
And only with all this experience, the pilots began to fly 1st class aircraft (Tu-154 and Il-62). Now, with the right combination of circumstances, one can become the commander of a prestigious Boeing at the age of 25.
There is another side of the problem. Civilian pilots used to retire at age 60. Now, as such, the border of retirement does not exist. They fly to "health supply", which in principle gives financial benefits: that the pilot's salary varies from 80 to 200 thousand rubles.
It is known that many States use the practice of "private" training of pilots. The airlines themselves train young pilots so that they can then stay with them. Russian authorities has repeatedly appealed to airlines with a similar proposal, but so far the initiative has not been supported.
