Part three. The last witness
For many, the war ended in 1945, but not for Ibragim Aganin. The intelligence officer will present his account of the fascist executioners in the post-war period at the trials, which, as already mentioned, will take place in many countries of the world and here in Russia. For dozens of years he will carry out the second part of his special assignment, received in February 1943. As Konstantin Simonov wrote in one of his military essays, “his memory began with the war.” Then the punishers, even in their worst nightmares, could not imagine that their “colleague”, the translator of the secret Gestapo - GFP-312 in Donetsk and GFP-721 in Crimea - would present them with his Hamburg account of retribution.
Many books have been published about the heroism of underground fighters in the Nazi-occupied territories of Donbass and the Crimean Peninsula. I'll name just a few. “Death Stared in the Face” is about the Donetsk underground of front-line writer Viktor Shutov, with whom Ibragim Aganin had a strong friendship for many years. “In Our City” - about Donetsk Young Guards - Larisa Cherkashina. “Another Page” is a story by Leonid Lokhmanov about the Crimean Young Guards of “Young Guard-2”.
Yes, when in December 1943 the Soviet Information Bureau reported on the feat of the tragically killed Young Guards of Krasnodon, another underground militant organization was born - in the village of Marfovka, Crimean region. She also called herself the “Young Guard” and continued the work of her comrades. So Alexander Fadeev’s novel “The Young Guard,” which immortalized the feat of the young Krasnodon residents, can be said to be a literary monument to the Crimean Young Guard.
In the response of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation to my request, another book was named - “Heroes of the Invisible Front”, published in Donetsk quite recently, in 2007. And in the essays of journalists S. and G. Nakonechny, new pages of the life and struggle of I.Kh. Aganina.
But I would not have been able to read or hold all these publications in my hands if it were not for the life-saving help of the rector of the Chelyabinsk state academy culture and arts Vladimir Yakovlevich Rushanin, director of the Chelyabinsk Regional Universal scientific library Irina Vasilievna Gudovich, her deputy Natalya Petrovna Rastsvetaeva. It was impossible to find the books and magazines I needed not only in Chelyabinsk, but also in other cities of Russia. Apparently, the political echo of the 90s also affected the heritage military literature. But the war was the same for everyone: Russians, Tatars, Belarusians, Ukrainians, Jews. And Victory, washed with the blood of soldiers different nations, was also one for everyone. Natalya Petrovna Rastsvetaeva’s resourcefulness saved me. We still managed to obtain an electronic version of the book by Ukrainian authors “Heroes of the Invisible Front”.
...So, at trials in Rostov, Moscow, Berlin, the punishers identified with the help of I. Aganin immediately recognized the former field Gestapo translator Rudi - Rudolf Kluger, or Georg Bauer. And at first they did not understand the purpose of his presence on the ships. Moreover, they hoped, with the help of the former Sonderführer, to prove their innocence. Bauer-Kluger himself managed to achieve this. But what a shock the former fascist executioners fell into when the true role of the secret police translator became obvious. His testimony was worse than the shelling on the front line.
So, after the war, Ibragim Aganin managed to uncover dozens of former Abwehr and SD workers. But the path to the truth was difficult. He went through incredibly complex evidence of the guilt of traitors and the innocence of slandered patriots. There are plenty of examples of this in the book “Heroes of the Invisible Front”. I will give some of them.
...During the war years, the Chekist underground operated in Crimea. How much valuable information the intelligence officers conveyed to the Center is known only to history itself. And these eighty brave, desperate guys were suspected of treason. And eighty families received news of their sons, brothers, husbands as missing. But I. Aganin argued the opposite: no, the intelligence officers were not missing, their resident Colonel Gisak Arabadzhaev was to blame for their death.
And Ibrahim Khatyamovich identified the traitor using fascist materials that revealed the path of a werewolf in uniform. Just two months after the group landed in Crimea, the colonel found himself in the hands of provocateurs of Abwehrgruppe-302 “Hercules”. He was interrogated at Field Police No. 312. Bauer-Aganin was the translator. And all the traitor’s testimony was recorded: from information on the transfer of our intelligence officers to Berlin and ending with the appearances of security officers in Crimea.
However, I. Aganin’s messages were not taken into account by the relevant authorities and remained unrealized until 1978. It was in that year that one former Crimean punisher was arrested. And only after that the truth triumphed. Eighty families learned about the tragic death of their relatives: all the security officers were shot by the Gestapo.
But it was not only adults who were betrayed. Stanislav Nakonechny in his essay “Secret Police Translator” cites a chilling fact.
After the death of the writer Alexander Green (Scarlet Sails, Running on the Waves), beloved by all the children of our country, his widow Nina Green remained underground during the war in the occupied territory of Crimea. But she took up completely different things. Having become a lady pleasant in all respects for the Nazis, she handed over to the Nazis a group of pioneers and schoolchildren aged 10-13. The children were shot as dangerous enemies of Germany. And Nina Green and her accomplices did everything to slander the young patriots posthumously. And their mothers were exiled to Siberia, from where many never returned.
How much time and effort Ibrahim Aganin devoted to restoring justice and the good name of patriotic children, he alone knew. Heroic feat young heroes writer Ivan Melnikov dedicated a wonderful book “While the Heart Beats.” But, paradoxically, I. Aganin had to fight for the good name of the writer himself. In March 1986, he wrote to Stanislav Nakonechny, the author of essays about the fate of the intelligence officer himself, in the book “Heroes of the Invisible Front”: “The other day I was visited by a writer from Simferopol, Ivan Karpovich Melnikov, the author of more than 20 works on the Crimean underground. Because in his books he sharply offended criminals and spoke at a meeting against local party officials, his party card was stolen, a case of immorality was concocted, his family was broken up, and he was expelled from the party. Former criminals and their patrons laugh, allies go into the bushes, and for two years he has been seeking the truth in vain.”
...Scientists have been studying the phenomenon of betrayal for a long time. There is no consensus. According to the author of the article about collaboration, that is, betrayal, during the Great Patriotic War Evgeny Krinko, political cliché prevents many scientists from understanding the essence of this phenomenon. It is necessary to distinguish between active and passive betrayal, everyday, administrative, economic, and military-political collaboration. And not all actions “can be qualified as treason.” The scientist’s conclusion: “...young historians are now distinguished by the desire to create a more or less impartial picture of the events of the occupation, abandoning moral and ethical evaluative and political-legal categories.”
And for some reason I immediately remembered Goebbels’ book “Last Notes,” published in Russia in the mid-90s. It was dedicated to the last months of the war: I remember the episode of the meeting with General Vlasov. In the fall of 1941, Vlasov advised Stalin to form a division of prisoners for the defense of Moscow. And in March 1945, Vlasov gave the same advice to Goebbels. The Minister of Propaganda makes the following entry in his diary: “I told the Fuhrer in detail about my conversation with Vlasov, in particular about the means that he used on behalf of Stalin in the fall of 41 to save Moscow. The Fuhrer agreed to create several women's battalions in Berlin."
But let's return to our story. Testimony of intelligence officer I.Kh. Aganin was involved in many military trials in the case of traitors to the Motherland, historians, writers, scientists, and journalists. From a letter from military lawyer General S. Sinelnikov to military historian S. Asanov: “With great pleasure I read in the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper your story about the work of intelligence officer I. Aganin in the Nazi counterintelligence agency GFP-312. Honor and praise to him - the courageous to the Soviet man. I will never forget his testimony at the trial in Krasnodar in the case of traitors and traitors to the Motherland - Mikhelson, Shepf, Potemin and others. Truly little-known pages of the war have unfolded before us.”
I think we should go into more detail on one page. And for this we will have to go back to 1943 again.
...In early March, the Nazis celebrated the day of remembrance of the soldiers who gave their lives for the Fuhrer and great Germany. In front of the line of subordinates, police commissioner GUF-312 Meisner made a speech. Yes, the same Meissner who met the newly arrived Georg Bauer-Aganin in his office, where the prisoner was being tortured. The Meisner who gave orders to arrest all civilians who even from a distance looked towards military columns, trains, headquarters, barracks, and every second person who fell into the hands of Meissner’s investigators, lost his life.
“We stood next to Potemin in that formation,” witness I. Aganin told the military tribunal of the Moscow Military District, “because we were the same height.” In connection with the ceremonial formation, we were wearing a brand new brand new military uniform. It was this kind of Sonderführer uniform that Potemin dreamed of when he was recruited by the Abwehr right in our intelligence school.
From Potemin's friends, as well as from documents stored in the field Gestapo safes, Bauer-Aganin learned that Potemin was in excellent standing with Chief Executioner Meissner. Active, diligent. “Deserves gratitude and leave with the right to travel to the empire.” This was stated in the order of the field police commissioner. But such a biography had to be earned through torture, denunciations, executions, which Potemin did with great zeal in the hope of new life in Hitler's Germany.
And with the arrival of our people, Potemin rewrote his biography. In it, he already appeared as a lieutenant who led a group of reconnaissance officers behind enemy lines and “for the sake of secrecy” remained with the Gestapo. He created a sabotage group, naming among its members people who had already been shot by the Nazis, and so on and so forth.
A “clean” biography saved Potemin in peacetime. He defended himself and became a candidate historical sciences, head of the department at one of the large Moscow universities.
But Potemin had no idea that during the war his crimes were observed by the underground and his “colleague”, field Gestapo translator Georg Bauer, our intelligence officer. Retribution came in peacetime. But if in trials it was not difficult to prove Potemin’s work with the Nazis, then revealing his true face in our days was more difficult. That is why I.Kh. Aganin spoke with his irrefutable arguments at almost all domestic and foreign trials. As the authors of the essay “Please invite witness Aganin,” M. Korenevsky and A. Sgibnev emphasize: “Aganin, a born analyst, a subtle psychologist, as they say, “figured out” traitors...” Indeed, Ibrahim Khatyamovich did this scientifically and without fail.
“Was there no reason to assume,” he wrote to his friends in Donetsk, “that if Potemin survived the war and was repainted, then over time he would be drawn to the Donetsk archive? And if so, is it difficult to determine exactly which archive funds he wants to look into? And if this version is correct, then he will try to withdraw from those funds necessary documents. But this will not be possible for a person who has not become “one of his own” in the archive. And this, probably, can only be a reputable researcher, most likely a professional historian... Now we, with our entire scouting group, are “identifying” two more from GFP-721, they “know” well the circumstances of the death of many underground heroes, partisans, intelligence officers of Ukraine and the Northern Caucasus..."
Yes, in addition to scientific and teaching activities, Ibragim Aganin was engaged in other work for decades. It can be called military-patriotic, but it would be more accurate - search at the behest of memory.
Almost every summer, Ibrahim Aganin went with his students on expeditions to the combat areas of the Makeyevka, Donetsk, and Crimean underground fighters. And the result was new facts, names, unexpected turns of already known events.
Letters were sent constantly and in huge quantities to the one-room Moscow apartment of the former intelligence officer.
“I bow deeply to you and to all the trackers who removed the shadow of suspicion from my father. Now it is officially and widely announced in our city that he remained faithful to his homeland until his last breath.”
“We have already lost hope of finding out the truth about the last days of our fellow countrymen, captured by the Gestapo in the winter of 1943 in different places of the Kerch Peninsula. And suddenly we read the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on rewarding heroes...”
And there are countless such letters of gratitude. But I would like to emphasize one more feature of Ibragim Aganin’s character. He never forgot his combat assistants behind enemy lines. Not being Soviet soldiers, they delivered material obtained from the Nazis across the front line. Among them is the Romanian Ion Cojuharu, already familiar to us, who was saved by our intelligence officer from being shot by the police commissioner Otto Kausch and convinced to go over to the side of our army. And the German anti-fascists Rudolf Gramsci and Hans Ugnade, who were part of one of the groups of the partisan detachment.
“I consider it advisable,” I. Aganin wrote to S. Nakonechny, “to go to Germany with an order (award), films about Donetsk patriots, including Gramsci, Ugnada, plays, works about these heroes, and maybe with materials about the atrocities of the fascists in the Donbass and donate all this to German youth as a symbol of our joint struggle for peace.”
Ibrahim Khatyamovich did not have time to do this. Like many other things planned for many years to come. The heart of the scout, who continued his battle in peacetime, could not stand it. One heart attack, two...
In one of the Moscow cemeteries, a monument with a five-pointed star directed upward was erected. Here in the fall of 1987 the general’s farewell words were heard:
— Ibrahim Khatyamovich Aganin rightfully entered the top ten legendary scouts behind enemy lines...
I heard these same words quite recently, in December 2009. There was a program on the federal channel “Zvezda” about young intelligence officers introduced into Nazi structures during the war, their courage, bravery, and professionalism. And the native name of Ibragim Aganin sounded.
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However, it is too early to put an end to the story. While working on the essay, I more than once turned for help to a member of our Public Chamber, a participant in the Great Patriotic War, Evgeny Fedorovich Kurakin, a man of extraordinary destiny, whose name is familiar to all South Urals. At the age of eighteen he went to the front and was wounded many times. In peacetime, he raised virgin soil, raised grain, managed state farms, worked in the apparatus of the regional and central party committees, for fifteen years he was involved in the improvement and well-being of his fellow countrymen as chairman of the regional executive committee, and for almost two decades he has headed the city council of veterans of war, labor, the Armed Forces and law enforcement.
I showed the essay to Evgeny Fedorovich, and our conversation lasted several hours. I will reproduce a small excerpt of this conversation.
- Evgeniy Fedorovich, philologists claim that our word “feat”, with a clear and direct meaning, has difficulty finding an accurate translation in European languages. What do you think about it?
- In my opinion, this word became our symbol in the twentieth century - bloody, difficult, heroic. Yes, the pre-war generation of boys and girls grew up in an atmosphere of heightened sense of the Motherland. It was expressed in everything: in the long lines of teenagers at the district military registration and enlistment offices in June 1941. Of course, fourteen- to fifteen-year-old boys were sent home to “grow up,” but they stubbornly besieged the thresholds of military registration and enlistment offices again and again.
You correctly noted in the essay that international feelings were close to our people at that time. We studied everything Spanish, German, were preparing to defend their land.
And how I tried to get sent to the front. They didn’t take it, the age didn’t suit me. Then after ninth grade I got a job at a cartridge factory. There was one in Chelyabinsk, factory No. 541, evacuated from Voroshilovgrad. It produced cartridges for small arms. I issued four standards, instead of 60 parts I turned out 250 pieces. After graduating from school with honors, I managed through the district and city committees of the Komsomol to have the military registration and enlistment office send me to the front.
If you had asked me then what war meant to you, I would have answered: offensive and losses. After each battle, out of 120 people, no more than ten to fifteen fighters remained in the company. The formation was formed again, but after another attack, out of 120 soldiers, only a few remained.
— You went through all of Belarus, Poland, left behind three military winters and two summers, beyond the Vistula near Warsaw in January 1945 you were seriously wounded in both legs. We were treated in hospitals for a long time. Returning home in July 1945, we immediately went to the military registration and enlistment office. And when asked what you can do, they answered: I know how to kill fascists... Has the war changed you a lot?
- Yes, we went to war at eighteen years old, and returned at 21-22 years old as adults. We learned something that you cannot read in books or see in films. Therefore, the memory of all participants in the Great Patriotic War, despite their age and illness, is strong and the memories are vivid.
There were 32 people in my platoon. We were all different in character, but in battle we behaved like one person, because each of us knew that we had a comrade in arms nearby. And we returned from the war with victory and faith in the strength of the spirit of our people.
Booker Igor 09.27.2019 at 19:00
Scouts are non-public people. Moreover, the intelligence officers are illegal immigrants. If fate makes one of them famous, then this is most likely a matter of chance. Most remain in the shadows even after completing their feat, even after their physical death. One of these unknown heroes of the Great Patriotic War for a long time was intelligence officer Igor Kharitonovich Aganin.
Intelligence does not like spotlights and investigative journalism. That's why it's a secret war - and in such a war, the secret becomes clear only in case of failure or when the time has come to talk about the heroes. Soviet people and even the current generation remember the name of the Soviet intelligence officer Nikolai Kuznetsov, who worked under the name of the German officer Paul Wilhelm Siebert. In 1943, another (?) Soviet intelligence officer wore the uniform of a Wehrmacht officer. About the feat of Igor Aganin, who for more than a year passed on secret information from the secret field police - Geheime Feldpolizei (GFP)- The Third Reich, it became known after the war. When we write it became known, this means that not the intelligence services, but the general public were aware of this.
A native of the village of Surgadi in Mordovia, he spent his childhood in the city of Engels, the capital autonomous republic Germans of the Volga region. Got the hang of it pretty quickly German, which was spoken everywhere here - on the street, in shops, in clubs. The boy had a penchant for languages and, moreover, like many of his peers, wanted to help “give the land to the peasants in Grenada.” At one time there was such a very famous song in the USSR based on the verses of Mikhail Svetlov about a boy who left his “native hut” for the sake of Spanish “Labradors”, that is, plowmen-farmers. So Igorek diligently studied foreign languages in order to help his class brothers who were not yet familiar with the all-powerful teaching of Marx-Lenin.
His uncle Alexey Nikolaevich, who fought during the Civil War in the First Cavalry, Budyonny, like Makar Nagulny from Sholokhov’s “Virgin Soil Upturned,” convinced his nephew that he needed to know foreign languages to talk with the “world counter.” Unlike the protagonist of the novel, Alexei Nikolaevich placed a big bet on Germany, where, in his opinion, the dawn of revolution was about to break out and he would have to help the German proletariat. In a word, Aganin had a good incentive.
“I loved German classical literature,” Igor Aganin told journalist Lyudmila Ovchinnikova, author of the book “Soldiers of the Secret War.” “I could read Goethe’s poems for hours, delving into the music of the solemn rhythm. I was fascinated by monologues from Schiller’s plays. I recited them at amateur costume concerts.” . Moreover, the boy had a great understanding of the geography and economy of a country he had never been to, and for his endless quotes from German classical thinkers in the original language, he received the nickname “professor” from his peers.
In 1940, after graduating from school, Igor Aganin came to Moscow and entered the Bauman Higher Technical School. The sophomore volunteered for the front. Knowledge of German came in handy when scouts brought in another enemy “language.” Soon Aganin is taken as a translator to the regiment headquarters. What followed was injury, escape from encirclement, hospital, and then military translator courses in Kuibyshev. Aganin recalled how he first heard about Mein Kampf, on which German youth were brought up, and how teachers tried to convey to their listeners the features of psychology German soldiers and officers. Knowledge of the Wehrmacht regulations, its structure, ranks, insignia and awards - all this will be needed by the intelligence officer when he finds himself on the other side of the front.
Aganin was offered to remain as a teacher in military translator courses, but he was eager to go to the front. In 1941, there was a funeral for Uncle Alexei Nikolaevich, who died a heroic death, and in 1942, my mother wrote that my brother Misha had gone missing. Lieutenant Igor Aganin received an assignment to the 258th reconnaissance platoon rifle division, which was sent from near Moscow to the Stalingrad front. Despite the heavy losses that the regiment suffered, the scouts regularly caught "tongues".
“Near Stalingrad, I had the opportunity to interrogate many German officers and soldiers,” recalled Igor Kharitonovich. “And I was amazed at how high their fighting spirit was. How unshakably confident they were in their imminent victory. Even during interrogations, it was impossible not to notice by the look in their eyes , individual remarks that escaped that the Germans felt their strength. There were absolutely amazing cases. The scouts captured a German officer. They brought him to the location of our headquarters with his hands tied. You should have seen with what an insolent expression on his face he sat in front of us. With what feeling superiority looked at us. I translated questions for him: what unit is he from? I demanded to know its composition, the name and surname of the commander. The officer refused to answer. He even declared that he would help save us from execution if he was treated well. He said that our troops are doomed. Stalingrad will fall in the coming days. In a word, he behaved as if not he, but we, were in his captivity.
One day a German plane was shot down over a field. The pilot jumped out with a parachute. Landing above our trenches, he shouted: “Rus, surrender!” He was brought to headquarters. He shouted hysterically that we would all be killed here, and so on." In January 1943, Nazi soldiers who were captured radically changed their defiant behavior and behaved like beaten dogs - the Stalingrad "cauldron" was not in vain for them. Hungry and ragged, they asked for a piece of bread and a cigarette.
Once, having been surrounded by a group of our soldiers, Lieutenant Aganin, as a senior in rank, decided to go out, pretending to be leading Soviet prisoners of war. He took off his overcoat and trousers from the murdered German officer and took his documents. At night he gave commands in a loud voice. So he managed to lead the Red Army soldiers to the location of his unit. After this incident at headquarters Southwestern Front Igor Aganin was offered to become a scout behind the front line.
The legend was thought out in advance. Lieutenant Otto Weber, who returned from vacation, did not manage to get to the unit where he was heading when he was captured. Aganin was the same age as 20-year-old Weber. In addition, Otto spoke Russian fluently and also served as a translator. There was an even more important detail - the Baltic German Otto Weber lived and studied among Russian emigrants and only just before the start of the war he left for his historical homeland. Only this could explain the ineradicable Russian accent in Igor Aganin’s excellent German. Instead of Lieutenant Weber, but with his documents, a “double” was supposed to cross the front line.
Aganin was prepared carefully, but hastily - Weber could not forever “wander through the Russian steppe.” It is never possible to foresee everything, and especially at such a cost. short term. Aganin was never specifically trained to be a scout and he did not know the specifics of this profession. For example, he did not know how to use a code. And our intelligence officer did not know much that the German lieutenant should have known. Not only had he never lived in Germany, but he had never even been passing through there. He could "burn out" on anything: on ignorance of German films and actors, football teams and famous players. He could automatically stand at attention or salute as is customary in the Red Army. In order to explain the slow reaction, sluggishness and possible miscalculations of the false Weber, he was “prescribed” for shell shock on a genuine form from a German hospital. The big problem was communication with the command: after all, it was impossible to take the walkie-talkie with you.
To some extent, chance helped. When Aganin-Weber got to “his people,” he ended up in a wormwood, and in the commandant’s office he met his uncle’s comrade in arms. By that time, the Wehrmacht lieutenant colonel and uncle of Otto Weber had died at Stalingrad, which our intelligence officer knew about, but the Germans did not yet know. On the one hand, he had to look around while lying in the hospital, on the other, he already had patrons among senior officers in the person of a friend of his “native uncle”. Everything taken together not only saved the intelligence officer from failure, but also helped him in completing the mission of Soviet intelligence. On the recommendation of his military comrade, Uncle Otto, he was sent as a translator to the secret field police created within the Abwehr system. Its task included, among other things, identifying in the occupied territories everyone who was resisting the German authorities, fighting partisans and underground fighters.
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Compilation of quotes, articles and video materials.
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Tatar Stirlitz
Ibragim Khatyamovich Aganin
...’’The second intelligence officer who worked in the GFP-721 team was NKGB lieutenant Ibragim Khatyamovich Aganin. Having grown up in the city of Engels, Saratov region, surrounded by Germans from the Volga region and knowing German no worse than his native Tatar, he also got into intelligence as a student - from the second year of the Moscow Higher Technical School. N.E. Bauman - and more than once successfully outplayed the Abwehr professionals’’...
The name of the intelligence officer was declassified by the writers
Date of publication: 03/23/2010
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In this war he had a difficult mission. In the uniform of a German officer - Sonderführer, he carried out a special task of the front headquarters in the very lair of the Gestapo and Abwehr - the secret field police of the GUF, the "Geheim Feldpolice".
Secret punitive departments of the GUF were created, as a rule, in the territories occupied by the Wehrmacht: in Crimea, Mariupol, Taganrog, Rostov, Krasnodar, Yeisk, Novorossiysk, as well as in Belarus and Poland. They consisted of Himmler's selected officers, who set as their task the total suppression of anti-fascist resistance on the ground. The name of the Soviet intelligence officer was Ibragim Khatyamovich Aganin - according to his passport, and according to books and press, domestic and foreign, published after the war - Igor Kharitonovich Aganin, or Agapov, or Mironov. he had to cousin to my mom.
And he was eighteen years old then...
Part one.
Search for a double
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Even the premonition of war in the mid-thirties could not change the Russian character. International feelings were strong among the people, young and old. Children wore “Spanish caps.” Boys who had run away from home to defend Madrid were taken off the trains. Maps of Spain were hung on the streets of Moscow, and adults did not leave them for a long time, discussing the latest events in a distant country.
Moscow teenager Ibrahim Aganin was in a hurry to learn languages: Hindi, if the Indians needed fraternal help, German, to save the people of Germany from fascism.
Already at the age of fourteen, he read the military works of German politicians and economists in the original. And much of the credit for this was due to his uncle, Alexei Nikolaevich Agishev, a career security officer who played a big role in the boy’s fate. Seeing his nephew’s extraordinary abilities, he invited his sister with many children to give him Ibrahim to raise….
Ibrahim Aganin
INTELLIGENCE SERVICE
Tatar Stirlitz
When childhood and adolescence are left far behind, a natural need and desire involuntarily arise to mentally return to those happy times, to remember relatives and friends of that period.
So we have a desire to restore in our memory the courageous life of our dear Ibragim Khatyamovich Aganin.
Their early years Ibrahim spent in the village of Kirillovka near Moscow, not far from railway station Tomilino. He was born into a family of simple workers: his father worked at the Dynamo plant near Moscow, his mother was a housewife, his older brother Mukhamedsha and two sisters - Zainab and Zagrya - studied and then worked in various professions at Moscow enterprises. All of them were participants in the Great Patriotic War, and the older brother never returned from the front.
Ibrahim somehow especially stood out among them: he studied well at school, even then spoke good German, was hardworking, and was constantly “inventing” something. Graduated with honors high school, entered the Moscow Higher Technical School named after Bauman. But his studies were soon interrupted by a treacherous attack fascist Germany to our homeland. And already on June 23, 1941, Ibrahim was in the ranks of the Red Army. After he left for the front, neither his relatives nor friends heard anything about him until the end of the war, although sometimes there were rumors, usually transmitted in whispers, that someone had seen Ibrahim in the occupied Donbass “in hug with the Germans.”
But the real picture of his participation in the war was revealed much later; he managed to return from the front, graduate from the Moscow Higher Technical School and begin working in his specialty.
Ibrahim was in various “alterations” in the army, learned what hand-to-hand combat was, and went with the regimental scouts “for language”.
When it turned out that he knew German, he was sent to headquarters as a military translator. Listening to the testimony of the prisoners, he once thought that he could very well impersonate one of them behind enemy lines. Next - a report to the general, approval of the plan, special training, a month in a camp barracks for German prisoners of war to socialize among “their own”.
Many years after the end of the war in various media mass media, mainly in the newspapers “Krasnaya Zvezda” and “Komsomolskaya Pravda”, publications began to appear telling about the exploits of our intelligence officer Igor Kharitonovich Aganin. His relatives and friends did not immediately believe that we're talking about about Ibragim and that Aganin Igor Kharitonovich and Aganin Ibragim Khatyamovich are one and the same person.
This camouflage was incomprehensible to many, including his colleagues at the institute and work. The institute’s personnel officers cast reproachful glances at him and asked incredulously: “Why are you, my dear, calling yourself Igor Kharitonovich, while in the primary documents you are Ibrahim Khatyamovich?!” Ibrahim was forced to frankly explain that when he was enlisted in regimental reconnaissance, the platoon commander joked: “Your name is long - I-bra-gim. You will be our Igor!”
Personnel officers were also surprised why different authors the same person is sometimes called Agapov, sometimes Aganin, sometimes Mirnov, and on the “other side” he appears as Rudolf Kluger, Otto Weber, Georg Bauer.
As a result of the efforts of representatives of interested departments, searches for military historians, writers, and journalists, the real name and patronymic of the Soviet intelligence officer, embedded in the field Gestapo - GUF, was restored. The field police were created by Hitler as a secret instrument of unlimited terror for the total suppression of anti-fascist activities in the territories of countries occupied by the Wehrmacht. The verdict of the International Nuremberg Tribunal emphasized that the GUF committed war crimes against humanity on a large scale.
February 23, 1943, at night on the bank of a steppe river, frozen in ice, a man in a German uniform came out. It was Ibrahim. But now he will pretend to be Rudolf Kluger, a German devoted to the Fuhrer to the core, as evidenced by impeccable documents and letters of recommendation. He crossed the front line along one of the paths that he had already walked with regimental scouts more than once. Only now he was already alone and would not return in a day or two, as had happened before. Frostbitten and with a fever, Ibrahim-Rudolf Kluger appeared before the German commandant and was immediately sent to the hospital.
In a conversation with the German commandant, he said that he literally escaped from under the tracks of Soviet tanks, which unexpectedly broke through the front. He has a Russian accent.
“Oh, Mr. Commandant, this is quite natural,” says Kluger. After all, he lived with his mother in Russia for so many years. And she has outstanding services to the German General Staff. And his uncle is also an honored person - a holder of two “iron crosses”. He commands an infantry regiment and is somewhere nearby. The commandant promised to make inquiries about his uncle. And he kept his word. On the day of his discharge from the hospital, Rudolf received a letter inviting him to come to Donetsk - to the 1-C department of the 6th headquarters German army. There he was greeted very warmly. “Take courage, Rudolf,” they told him. “Your uncle died a heroic death.” Ibrahim realized that the Soviet counterintelligence officers had done their job.
Ibrahim-Rudolph was offered to work as a military translator at headquarters. The position of translator opened up considerable opportunities and, as it were, supplemented the training completed before being deployed behind enemy lines. He got used to the nature of office work, to the “subtleties” inherent in the Germans. But as a scout, he felt that he was being tested. Is it by chance that orders on the case of underground fighters and plans for punitive raids remain on the boss’s desk?
Rudolf Kluger had to pretend to be a shirtless guy here: one would get vodka, another would get acquaintances with a cheerful company, and a third would throw some of the trophies.
I read something secret in one place, heard something here, saw something there - a whole picture gradually took shape. Karl, the deputy head of the department, often went away to “relax”, and left the keys to the desk or safe in his work uniform. In a matter of minutes it was necessary to take advantage of the German’s mistake, read it, remember it - and go to the Center, where this information is very necessary. During April-May 1943, twelve “parcels” were prepared by the intelligence officer.
Working as an adjutant to the police commissar of the secret field police Kausch, perfectly fulfilling the role of a Sünder-Führer according to high-class requirements, Rudolf-Ibrahim gained access to secret documents and the briefcase of his boss.
Weeks and months passed. The Center received more and more reports from Ibrahim-Rudolf about the insidious plans of the fascist command and punitive authorities. Based on the information received, timely measures were taken to eliminate fascist plans, send saboteurs and spies into the Soviet rear, and remove the Soviet underground from attack in the Donbass-Makeevka region.
One day, Rudolf-Ibrahim’s boss, police commissar Kaush, called him to his place and said: “The two of us need to go to Brasov, there will be a meeting there, the color of the field Gestapo will gather. The agenda is the introduction of agents in the USSR. Don't forget these documents prepared by me. Take care of my briefcase. Yes, by the way, in Brasov you will have a surprise meeting with an old friend who wants to surprise you with new shoulder straps and a high position in Berlin.”
Ibrahim realized that his song was over. We need to run.
And that same night, on the road to Brasov, he disappeared, taking Kaush’s briefcase with him. A few days later, exhausted, he appeared at the location of Soviet units. He took off his Gestapo uniform, and his native lieutenant shoulder straps fell on his shoulders. The order and medals awarded for everything at once shone brightly on his uniform.
Scout Aganin Ibragim Khatyamovich was a participant in many operations behind enemy lines, in various units of the field Gestapo.
The tireless efforts made by the intelligence officer helped restore the good name of many patriots who were unfairly accused of “treason and complicity” with the German authorities.
Soon after the war, Lieutenant I.Kh. Aganin retired to the reserve for health reasons and, on the recommendations of doctors, took up matters far removed from his recent work.
He went, as he dreamed before the war, into the world of mathematical formulas, drawings, diagrams, daring technical ideas. Graduated from college, graduate school, became a candidate technical sciences and associate professor.
Ibrahim received streams of people's gratitude for his active assistance in finding underground heroes. But there were also those who were somewhat skeptical about the activities of the Soviet intelligence officer. One learned lady bluntly expressed her doubts about his activities during the war: “If everything that is written about you in newspapers and books is true, then why are you not a Hero?” Soviet Union? Why didn't you get a high rating? military rank corresponding to such high merits? “I have soldier’s merits,” was all he answered.
When I.Kh. Aganin was buried, the same lady was amazed: “A banner, an escort, a military band... But the intelligence officer was, it seems, only a lieutenant?!” No one answered, everyone listened to the excited general, who said that Ibragim Khatyamovich Aganin remained a soldier until the end of his days, honestly and conscientiously fulfilling his duty to the Motherland, for which he was awarded many government awards. Then, after the sounds of the orchestra, fireworks sounded.
F.AGANIN
INTELLIGENCE SERVICE
Alimova Irina Karimovna
Bibiiran Karimovna Alimova
Born in Turkmenistan on June 16, 1920 in the city of Mary.
Her father, Karim Alimov, was from the Buinsky district of Tatarstan. He fought on the fronts of the Civil War in Central Asia, and after its end he settled in the city of Mary. Soon he started a family and had three children. Karim Agha became a watchmaker and a skilled jeweler. They tried to lure him to Tehran, but he refused and moved with his family to Ashgabat. At school, Irina participated in amateur performances and dreamed of becoming an actress.
But the family lived poorly and Irina entered the veterinary institute to have a profession. The employees of the Turkmenfilm studio drew attention to the beautiful girl and invited her to star in the film “Umbar” (she played Umbar’s beloved). This film was shown on screens before the war. Irina became famous.
Alimov was sent to Leningrad to study acting in the workshop of Grigory Kozintsev and Leonid Trauberg. In 1939, Irina completed her studies and was assigned to Tashkent, to the Uzbekfilm film studio. She was offered the main role in an Uzbek film.
But the war began, Irina asked to go to the front, she was sent to the military censorship, where she served throughout the war, marching with the active army in Ukraine, Poland, Czechoslovakia and Austria. After the Victory, Irina returned to Ashgabat. At the front, she already worked in the military censorship office, engaged in illustrating military correspondence and partly as a translator, so after the war she was offered to work in local counterintelligence, where she gained extensive experience in secret surveillance of objects, identifying surveillance and evading it.
In 1947, she was transferred to Moscow, to the Lubyanka, and in 1952, under the pseudonym Bir, she was sent to Japan for illegal work in the Soviet station, which was being revived after the death of Richard Sorge, headed by our intelligence officer Colonel Shamil Abdullazyanovich Khamzin (pseudonym - Khalef). According to the plans and instructions of the center, they registered the marriage and Alimova became Mrs. Khatycha Sadyk. However, the marriage became not only fictitious, according to the “legend,” but also a real marriage of two people, united by a common danger, a common cause, a common destiny.
After this, the illegal intelligence officers went to Japan, where they lived for 13 years. In 1967, having received an order from the Center, they left Japan supposedly on vacation, but in fact forever - first to France, and then through Spain, Italy, Switzerland - to their homeland.
She completed her service in the KGB with the rank of major.
Irina Karimovna Alimova would undoubtedly have been a movie star, but she chose the fate of an intelligence officer.
She passed away on December 30, 2011. Buried 01/06/2011 with military honors at the Donskoye Cemetery in Moscow.
PRIZES AND AWARDS
***
Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd degree.
Order of the Red Star.
Medal "For Military Merit".
13 YEARS UNDER ANOTHER NAME
Trud, Moscow, 04/23/2005
Vitaly GOLOVACHEV
Bibi-Iran Alimova
***
Former Soviet intelligence officer Irina Alimova became an honorary member of the Ak Kalfak women's society
On September 10, the executive committee of the World Congress of Tatars hosted a ceremonial reception of former Soviet intelligence officer Irina Alimova, who worked in Japan from 1954 to 1967, as an honorary member of the Ak Kalfak women's society.
Irina Alimova, whose real name is Bibiran, was born in the Turkmen city of Mary, from where she came to China in 1952, and then was transferred to Japan. According to the head of the department of the executive committee of the World Congress of Tatars, Farit Urazaev, in Japan, with the rank of lieutenant colonel of Soviet intelligence, she, together with her husband, Colonel Shamil Khamzin, worked in the Japanese company “Export-Import” and both of them carried out tasks of the Soviet command, which mainly concerned the collection of information about American military bases located in Japan. In this they were significantly helped by members of the Tatar community of Japan, with whom the intelligence officers had established reliable contacts. Now Irina Alimova is 84 years old, she lives in Moscow, where she buried her husband in 1991.
Farit Urazaev explains that the Ak Kalfak society exists under the Executive Committee of the World Congress of Tatars and is engaged in the search for women who have shown heroism and outstanding success in various fields of activity.
ILLEGAL SCOUT IRINA ALIMOVA: “WE DID NOT WORK FOR AWARDS”
Konicheva! - Irina Karimovna Alimova, a former illegal intelligence officer who spent 13 long years under an assumed name in the Land of the Rising Sun, greeted the Japanese journalist with a restrained smile on the threshold of her Moscow apartment. With an elegant gesture, the hostess invited the guest to enter. Despite the long absence of language practice, there was almost no accent in her Japanese.
- Hello! - also with a smile and a traditional slight bow, the head of the Moscow Japanese Bureau answered in good Russian news agency Kyodo Tsushin Yoshihiko Matsushima. He handed the landlady a large bouquet Red roses and said: “I am very grateful that you agreed to this meeting.” Later, his story about the Soviet intelligence officer was published by the largest Japanese newspapers. The Tokyo television company decided to make a film about Alimova. And that evening they talked, switching from Russian to Japanese and then back to Russian, about the distant 50s and 60s, about the past " cold war", which divided the world for decades.
Long before articles in the Japanese press and television films shown on Russian channels, Trud told about the difficult fate of two of our intelligence officers - Irina Alimova and her husband Shamil Khamzin: six large publications appeared back in 1990.
Bibiiran Alimova (for simplicity she was called Irina, and this name stuck) was born in the Turkmen city of Mary in June 1918. She was 18 when unexpectedly (she liked her appearance) she was invited to the Turkmenfilm studio. Soon the charming girl played one of the main roles in the then-released film “Umbar”. Fame came, she was recognized on the street, in the store. Then she studied acting in Leningrad, in the group of G. Kozintsev and L. Trauberg (the art of impersonation was very useful to her later). The beginning of the war found Irina at the Uzbekfilm studio. She was just offered a role in a new film, but she said abruptly: “I’ll go to the front.” And she achieved her goal (her flinty will and determination were subsequently noted in all job descriptions).
Irina was sent to the military censorship unit. She was also used as a translator (foreign languages were easy for her). With the active army she passed through Ukraine, Poland, Czechoslovakia... On May 9, 1945 she met in Vienna. The upcoming 60th anniversary of the Victory, which we will soon celebrate, has the most direct relation to Irina Karimovna. Moreover, she remained in service, not in the army, but in the Foreign Intelligence Service, for more than 20 years after the end of the war.
At the end of 1953, the daughter of a wealthy Uighur, Mrs. Khatycha, arrived in China. There she met her (according to legend) fiancé Enver Sadyk - also, according to documents, a Uyghur, in fact a Soviet intelligence officer Shamil Abdullazyanovich Khamzin. It just so happened that they did not know each other before (Shamil was on a long business trip abroad) and saw each other for the first time in China. There, as was agreed back in Moscow, the marriage was registered. Then they moved to Japan, where they started small business. At first, the Center could not provide them with financial support. One of Irina's talents came in handy - the ability to embroider. She decorated the collars of women's blouses, dresses, and skirts with skillful patterns. Stores were briskly selling this hot commodity. It was only on this that Khatycha and Enver Sadyk lived then. Later, together with a partner, they opened an import-export company that sold clothes...
Thus began their illegal intelligence work. We first established ourselves in the port city of Kobe (Hyogo Prefecture), then went to Kyoto, Tokyo... She had the pseudonym Bir, he had Halef. Mrs. Khatycha spoke not only Uyghur, but also English, Turkish, Japanese languages(I carefully concealed my knowledge of Russian, Uzbek, Azerbaijani and Turkmen). Her husband also knew eight languages. During these 13 years they managed to do a lot. Hundreds of encrypted messages containing valuable information were transmitted to Moscow, including about the secret plans of Japanese militaristic circles, about increasing the army, about the country’s supposed entry into a new military-political grouping...
Of course, there were more than once difficult moments. The situation was very alarming when Japanese counterintelligence put them under surveillance (based on a denunciation from a White emigrant who suspected something). Enver and Khatycha, showing fantastic courage, turned to the embassy of a third country, of which they were then citizens according to documents. They were vouched for, and the “cap” was removed. Avoiding surveillance, placing containers in hiding places, collecting information, resolving the consequences of a car accident - all this was dangerous and required remarkable endurance, resourcefulness, and professionalism.
In 1967, having received an order from the Center, they left (never “revealed”) supposedly on vacation, but in fact forever from Japan - first to France, and then through Spain, Italy, Switzerland - to their homeland. Soon Colonel Khamzin went (already alone) on a new business trip under an assumed name. Hong Kong, London, Salt Lake City (Utah, USA)... He returned to Moscow in the 70s.
After the publication of materials about these intelligence officers in Trud, they were awarded high government awards in 1990. Irina Karimovna was awarded the Order of the Red Star, her husband was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. “I am, of course, very happy today, but I would like to note that we did not work for awards,” the hero of the occasion told me then. And in 1991, Shamil Abdullazyanovich Khamzin, who had previously suffered two heart attacks, passed away (such foreign business trips do not pass without a trace for health). “He and I lived happily for 37 years, sharing joys and difficulties,” says Irina Karimovna. “He loved me very much.” "And you him?" - I couldn’t resist asking a tactless question. My interlocutor, after thinking a little, answered honestly: “No, there was no such great love as we read about in books. Affection, warm feelings - yes, that’s without a doubt. We had a good time together.” The frankness and courageous directness of the interlocutor, I admit, makes a striking impression.
Today Irina Karimovna lives alone in a cozy one-room apartment. She is visited by her brother, niece, and her husband, to whom she gave her former two-room Khrushchev apartment on Shchelkovskoye Highway. The pension, although not very large, is enough for the basic necessities. She goes to the store herself and prepares lunch. Despite his advanced age (he will be 87 in June), he seeks and finds public work. Recently she spoke in the assembly hall of school No. 1186. One and a half hundred students listened to her story with bated breath. A couple of years ago I went to Kazan, the homeland of my father and husband. And in August (“if God gives strength”) he wants to visit this city again. He doesn’t complain about loneliness: “There’s so much to do that I barely have time.” But when asked whether she is satisfied with her life, she answers evasively: “Sometimes yes, sometimes no.” He is silent for a long time and does not like to complain. Then he bitterly admits:
It became difficult for me to walk, I needed a car so that my brother could take him out of town to get some air or to the clinic... I wanted to get an Oka for disability. And they unceremoniously turned me away: “You have arms, you have legs, no car is allowed, go ahead...” She cried out of resentment and left. Now I ask the doctor to visit me from time to time - the district clinic is far away, it’s very difficult for me to get there. But apparently she didn’t deserve it...
I would like to hope that Irina Karimovna’s current everyday troubles will still be able to be resolved in the near future. The brave intelligence officer has earned the right to at least receive the attention of officials.
On the eve of the 60th anniversary Great Victory The editors congratulate Lieutenant Colonel Alimova on her upcoming anniversary, wish her health and the same love of life that has supported and added strength to her over all the past years.
At the end of last year, the book “The Three Lives of Ibragim Aganin: SMERSH. Find and punish." Its author is a special services historian, retired colonel Nikolai Luzana. Being an expert on the topic of intelligence and special services, he expressively conveys the spirit of that harsh wartime, the way of thinking and determination, the everyday ingenuity of the young Lieutenant Aganin, who went down in the history of domestic security agencies as a unique front-line intelligence officer who managed to live two different lives of the enemy and successfully complete the task.
Under the legend of a Wehrmacht officer, he was introduced into Hitler's secret service - into its "hell" - the secret field police. For a year and two months, Ibrahim Khatyamovich obtained valuable intelligence information, reported it to the command of the Southwestern Front of the Red Army and saved the lives of many underground fighters and partisans. During his stay among the aces of the German intelligence services, he was never exposed by them.
The book is based on archival documents and reads with great interest. This interest is also fueled by the fact that Ibragim Aganin is a graduate of the Moscow Higher Technical School. N.E. Bauman.
Ibrahim Aganin was brought up in the family of his uncle, who, noticing that the boy was very inquisitive and talented, gave him a broad education. They lived in the city of Engels (before the war, the capital of the Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic Germans of the Volga region). Political emigrant Elsa gave him German lessons. As an educational text, the boy already at the age of 14 read the original military works of Engels, and at 18 he spoke fluent German and, as the teacher assured, with a Berlin accent.
In 1940, Ibrahim entered the MMMI named after. N.E. Bauman and immediately after his first year he volunteers to go to the front. In battles, as his commanders noted, “... Lieutenant Aganin proved himself to be a competent and courageous commander. He took part in hand-to-hand combat... He repeatedly made forays behind the front line and personally captured the “tongue”... He was seriously wounded. After the hospital, he was sent to translator courses.
“We were taught by teachers from Moscow State University, the Institute foreign languages and senior intelligence officers. We studied the regulations of the German army, its structure, and insignia. The teachers tried to reveal to us the psychology of German soldiers. We translated dozens of German documents and soldiers' letters. Then, finding myself behind German lines, I remembered my teachers with gratitude.”
At first he thought that this knowledge would help him better interrogate prisoners of war. But it turned out that he himself would have to get used to the role of a German officer. The opportunity presented itself soon.
“I was informed that German Lieutenant Otto Weber was captured. I was placed in a prison camp where I was next to him. He told me about his family, relatives, friends. Together with his mother, he left for Germany from the Baltic states. Like me, he also spoke German with light Russian accent. He, like me, was 20 years old.”
Authentic documents, ingenuity, and excellent German language played a role - after numerous checks, Weber-Aganin became a translator in the field Gestapo unit GFP-721. The Field Gestapo is a special punitive body created within the Abwehr system. Ibrahim Aganin became the first Soviet front-line intelligence officer who penetrated not just the intelligence apparatus of the GUF, but became a career employee.
In Donetsk, he decided to seek contact with the underground through his aunt. He asked her to give a note to a person who would name his mother. Aunt, understanding everything, began to cry: “We will be hanged!”
“I’m embarrassed to remember how harshly I spoke to her, but then her family helped me a lot.”
Aganin did not know about many of the upcoming Gestapo operations. And yet, as best he could, he helped the underground fighters avoid arrests. Many provocateurs worked for the Germans, who infiltrated youth associations and handed them over to the enemy entirely. Ibrahim figured out their names and passed them on to the leaders of the underground.
On the other hand, being present at interrogations, he remembered the names of true patriots who, even under terrible torture, did not surrender their comrades.
“They checked everyone constantly. I've never kept anything secret. I kept everything in my memory. They couldn’t find anything on me.” But one day, while reading the mail, he saw that a response had arrived from Berlin to a request about Otto Weber’s mother. He realized it was time to leave. However, the command's order was different: to remain in the occupied territory.
Aganin meets Rudolf Kluger on the train, who goes to the sanatorium, kills him and, having taken possession of the documents of the German lieutenant, goes to Crimea. There he is looking for a patron. This was Colonel Kurt Brunner. Ibrahim pleases him in everything, fulfills all his whims. “If my family would have looked at me then... I didn’t recognize myself.” But the plan was a success, the colonel recommended him to the field Gestapo GFP-312, which operated in Crimea.
For a whole month, Aganin painfully searches for a way out to his people. “Due to his duty, he had access to documents from safe No. 1. In them he found the main thing: the names of partisans and underground fighters who were not broken by torture…. They could have given him access to the local underground.”
But he was almost wrong. Ibrahim chose the arrested Derkach and asked to be brought to him. And when they were left alone, Derkach suddenly said: “Thank God, Mr. Lieutenant, that you came. Give me a smoke, Mr. Lieutenant. I’ve been sitting with this bastard, Vanov, for 24 hours! I haven’t smoked a single cigarette...”
About a month later, a pretty girl approached him on the street in Feodosia. “She suddenly kissed me and whispered the password and the place of our meeting. Later I found out that the girl was connected with the partisans.” He gave her diagrams of airfields, built fortifications, and the location of German troops. I hoped that this information would help save soldiers’ lives when the liberation of Crimea began.
In March 1944, GUF employees began to leave Crimea. Aganin went on the road with them. During the bombing, he rushed into the forest and was soon with his own people.
After the war, Aganin continued his studies at the Moscow Higher Technical School. N.E. Bauman, successfully defended his dissertation, after which he worked at various research institutes and was engaged in developments in the field of defense. IN last years worked in the All-Union correspondence institute textile and light industry. Every year, during his vacation, as part of the Poisk detachment, he went to the Donbass, Crimea and, together with the guys, brought back the forgotten names of heroes from oblivion.
Ibrahim Khatyamovich continued his merciless battle with those who betrayed, tortured and shot patriots. With his help, hundreds of traitors disguised as respectable citizens were found and exposed. At many trials, he became the main witness for the prosecution in cases involving collaborators.
The last of the werewolves who were exposed by Aganin in 1975 was one of the most sinister sadistic executioners of GFP-721, Alex Lyuty. It was last Stand after the Victory of the front-line intelligence officer Aganin. His heart couldn't stand it. He died of a massive heart attack.
Elena Emelyanova
Based on materials from the book by N.N. Luzana
“Three lives of Ibragim Aganin. SMERSH. Find and punish"
and other sources.
The editors thank the director of the MSTU Museum. N.E. Bauman Galina Bazanchuk for the materials provided.
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