On the hills of Manchuria. Song from the Russian-Japanese War.
ON THE HILLS OF MANCHURI
Music by Ilya Shatrov
Words of the Wanderer (Stepan Petrov)
It's quiet all around, the hills are covered in darkness.
The graves keep peace.
The shadows of the past have been circling for a long time,
They talk about the victims of battles.
And Russians don’t hear tears.
Crying birth mother, the young wife is crying,
Evil fate and curse fate!..
Sleep, heroes of the Russian land,
Native sons of the fatherland.
Sleep, sons, you died for Rus', for the fatherland,
And we will celebrate a bloody funeral.
Masterpieces of Russian romance / Ed.-comp. N.V. Abelmas. — M.: LLC “AST Publishing House”; Donetsk: “Stalker”, 2004. - (Songs for the soul).
The original name was “Moksha Regiment on the Hills of Manchuria.” Dedicated to the soldiers of the 214th Moksha Infantry Battalion who died in February 1905 in battles with the Japanese near the city of Mukden.
The author of the melody is the bandmaster of the Moksha regiment Ilya Shatrov. There are many variants of the text - author's and folklore. Poet K.R. is mentioned among other authors. - Grand Duke Konstantin Romanov, but this is more of a legend. Alterations were created many years after the war - by A. Mashistov (see below), and in 1945 by Pavel Shubin (). Today, a comic song is sung to this melody: “It’s quiet in the forest, but the badger is not sleeping...”. There is also a song of the same name by Alexander Galich<1969>, dedicated to the memory of the writer Mikhail Zoshchenko.
From. Collection: Anthology of military songs / Comp. and the author of the foreword. V. Kalugin. - M.: Eksmo, 2006:
The Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905 was unsuccessful and fatal in its consequences for Russia, but the memory of it was preserved in two songs that became one of the most popular - “Varyag” and the waltz “On the Hills of Manchuria.” They are based on real events: the death of the cruiser "Varyag" in a naval battle and the death of soldiers of the Moksha regiment in a land battle. "Varyag" is the first of the cruisers of the Far Eastern squadron to take part in an unequal battle in Port Arthur with 14 Japanese ships. With his death, a tragic war for the Russian fleet began. The bloody battle on the hills of Manchuria of the Moksha regiment is just an episode of this war. But it was he who was destined to become no less significant than naval battle. The regiment consisted of 6 staff officers, 43 chief officers, 404 non-commissioned officers, 3548 privates, 11 mounted orderlies and 61 musicians. These musicians were to play a decisive role. For eleven days the regiment did not leave the battle. On the twelfth the ring of encirclement closed. But at the most critical moment, when both strength and ammunition were exhausted, the regimental orchestra burst out. Military marches followed one after another. The Japanese wavered. Russian "Hurray!" sounded in the finale. For this battle, seven orchestra members were awarded the soldier's St. George's Cross, and the bandmaster was awarded the officer's military Order of Stanislav, 3rd class with swords. Soon the name of this conductor, Ilya Alekseevich Shatrov, was recognized throughout Russia. In 1906, the first edition of his waltz “The Moksha Regiment on the Hills of Manchuria” was published, which went through more than a hundred reprints. Gramophone records with waltz music sold in fabulous quantities. And soon the words to the waltz music appeared. Gained the greatest fame poetic text Stepan Skitalets, author of the song “The bells and bells are ringing...” to the music of Y. Prigozhey. In Soviet times, Shatrov’s waltz, like “Varyag,” continued to remain among the most popular, but with new words, which, as was believed then, were more in line with the “spirit of the times”: “We will meet new life, / Let’s throw off the burden of slave shackles,” etc. In the 20s and 30s, not only “On the Hills of Manchuria,” but also other old songs sounded on new way. Now, in the 21st century, they have also become part of history.
The Wanderer (Stepan Gavrilovich Petrov) (1869-1941)
OPTIONS (5)
1. On the hills of Manchuria
Variation performed by I. S. Kozlovsky
It's quiet all around, the hills are covered in darkness,
The moon flashed from behind the clouds,
The graves keep peace.
The crosses turn white - these are the heroes sleeping.
The shadows of the past are spinning again,
They talk about the victims of battles.
It's quiet all around, the wind has carried away the fog,
Warriors sleep on the hills of Manchuria
And no tears are heard from the Russians.
My dear mother is crying, crying,
The young wife is crying
Everyone is crying as one person
Evil fate and curse fate!..
May Kaoliang bring you dreams,
Sleep, heroes of the Russian land,
Native sons of the fatherland,
You fell for Rus', you died for your fatherland.
Believe me, we will avenge you
And we will celebrate a glorious funeral feast!
Ancient Russian romance. 111 masterpieces. For voice and piano. In four issues. Vol. IV. Publishing house "Composer. St. Petersburg", 2002. - in total, the collection contains two versions of the text (the above and Mashistov’s text)
2. On the hills of Manchuria
The moon flashed from behind the clouds,
The graves keep peace.
It's quiet all around, the wind has carried away the fog.
Warriors sleep on the hills of Manchuria
And no tears are heard from the Russians.
May the kaoliang bring us dreams.
Sleep, heroes of the Russian land,
Sons of the Fatherland...
An excerpt quoted in Alexander Galich’s song “On the Hills of Manchuria” (in memory of M. M. Zoshchenko),<1969>
3. On the hills of Manchuria
Kaoliang is sleeping, the hills are covered in darkness.
The moon flashed from behind the clouds,
The graves keep peace.
It's quiet all around, the wind has carried away the fog.
Warriors sleep on the hills of the Manchurians,
And no tears are heard from the Russians.
Sleep, heroes of the Russian land,
Native sons of the fatherland.
No, it wasn’t a volley that came from distant fields,
It was thunder in the distance,
And again silence all around.
Everything froze in this silence of the night,
Sleep, warriors, sleep, heroes
Quiet, peaceful sleep.
May Kaoliang bring you sweet dreams,
Father's distant home.
Sleep, fighters, glory to you forever.
Our fatherland, our native land
Do not conquer enemies.
In the morning we go on a hike, a bloody battle awaits us,
Sleep, heroes, you are not dead,
If Russia lives.
May kaoliang bring you sweet dreams.
Sleep, heroes of the Russian land,
Native sons of the fatherland.
Unknown source, no signature
The night has come
Dusk fell on the ground,
Desert hills are drowning in darkness,
The east is covered by a cloud.
Here, underground,
Our heroes are sleeping
The wind sings a song above them,
And the stars look from heaven.
It wasn’t a volley that came from the fields, -
It was thunder in the distance,
And again everything around is so calm
Everything is silent in the silence of the night. *
Sleep, fighters,
Sleep peacefully,
May you dream of your native fields,
Father's distant home.
Let you die
In battles with enemies,
Your feat
Calls us to fight
Blood of the people
Washed Banner
We will carry forward.
We will meet you halfway
New life,
Let's drop the burden
Slave shackles.
And the people and the Fatherland will not forget
The valor of your sons.
Sleep, fighters,
Glory to you forever!
Our Fatherland,
Our native land
Don't conquer your enemies!
Night, silence,
Only the kaoliang is noisy.
Sleep, heroes,
Memory of you
The Motherland protects!
*This verse is repeated twice
Oh, those black eyes. Comp. Yu. G. Ivanov. Music editor S. V. Pyankova. - Smolensk: Rusich, 2004
Ancient Russian romance. 111 masterpieces. For voice and piano. In four issues. Vol. IV. Publishing house "Composer. St. Petersburg", 2002.
5. On the hills of Manchuria
Arranged by A. Khvostenko, late 20th century
It's scary around
Only the wind is crying on the hills,
The graves of soldiers are illuminated...
The crosses are turning white
Distant and beautiful heroes.
In the midst of everyday darkness,
Everyday everyday prose
And burning tears flow...
Heroes of the body
They have long since decayed in their graves,
And they did not sing eternal memory.
So sleep, sons,
You died for Rus', for the fatherland,
But believe me, we will avenge you
And let's celebrate a bloody funeral!
Transcript of the phonogram by A. Khvostenko, audio cassette "Mitkovsky songs. Supplement to the album", studio "Soyuz" and studio "Dobrolet", 1996
Perhaps this is not an adaptation by Khvostenko, but one of the original texts, since the same version is in the collection. Anthology of military songs / Comp. and the author of the foreword. V. Kalugin. M.: Eksmo, 2006 - given as the author’s version of the Wanderer:
On the hills of Manchuria
Music by Ilya Shatrov
Words of the Wanderer
Kaoliang is sleeping,
The hills are covered with darkness...
Warriors sleep on the hills of Manchuria,
And no tears are heard from the Russians...
It's scary around
Only the wind is crying on the hills.
Sometimes the moon comes out from behind the clouds,
The soldiers' graves are illuminated.
The crosses are turning white
Distant and beautiful heroes.
And the shadows of the past swirl around,
They tell us about the sacrifices in vain.
In the midst of everyday darkness,
Everyday everyday prose,
We still cannot forget the war,
And burning tears flow.
Heroes of the body
They have long since decayed in their graves.
And we didn’t pay them the last debt
And they did not sing eternal memory.
So sleep, sons,
You died for Rus', for the Fatherland.
But believe me, we will avenge you
And we will celebrate a bloody funeral.
My dear mother is crying, crying,
The young wife is crying
All Rus' is crying like one person.
A unique photograph of the 7th company of the Moksha Regiment, in a few months these soldiers will find themselves at the front, and it is in their honor that the waltz “On the Hills of Manchuria” will be written.
In February 1905, the Moksha Infantry Regiment was surrounded by the Japanese in heavy battles between Mukden and Liaoyang. The regiment commander was killed. And when the forces of the defenders were running out and ammunition was running out, a brass band suddenly began to play in the rear of the regiment, led by bandmaster Ilya Alekseevich Shatrov, giving strength to the soldiers. The regiment managed to break through the encirclement. Of the entire regiment, only 7 musicians of the orchestra emerged alive, who were subsequently awarded the Cross of St. George and honorary silver trumpets. Bandmaster I. A. Shatrov “for distinguishing himself against the Japanese at different times” was awarded the Order of Stanislav, third degree “with swords”
In May 1906, the Mokshansky regiment returned to its place of deployment in Zlatoust. In the summer, Ilya Shatrov created the first version of the waltz, which was called “Moksha Regiment on the Hills of Manchuria.” Shatrov dedicated the waltz to his dead friends. On September 18, 1906, the Mokshansky regiment was redeployed to Samara. Here Shatrov met and became friends with the teacher, composer and music publisher Oscar Filippovich Knaub, who provided the aspiring composer with serious assistance in completing the work on the waltz and its subsequent publication. In the summer of 1907, the sheet music of Ilya Shatrov’s waltz “The Moksha Regiment on the Hills of Manchuria” was sold in Oscar Knaub’s cheap edition store.
The first performance of the waltz by a brass band took place in Samara. At first, the provincial public greeted this waltz rather coolly, but subsequently the popularity of the waltz began to grow, and since 1910, the circulation of gramophone records with the recording of the waltz began to exceed the circulation of other fashionable waltzes. In the first 3 years after it was written, this waltz was reprinted 82 times.
Due to its popularity, the waltz became the target of “audio pirates” who released records without the author’s permission and without paying royalties. And many gramophone companies, having paid the author a fee, replicated the gramophone records many times, no longer paying a fee either to the author of the work or to the performers. Only with the adoption of the first copyright law in Russia in 1911 did Shatrov manage to defend his right to a portion of the proceeds from the sale of records.
At the end of the Great Patriotic War the waltz “On the Hills of Manchuria” was often performed on the radio and in concerts in connection with solemn moments who celebrated victories Soviet army over Japanese militarists in Manchuria.
Regimental history:
"MOKSHA (214th) INFANTRY REGIMENT
military formation stationed in Zlatoust in 1901-1906. Initially formed in 1878 on the basis of the Ryazan local battalion. In 1891, it received the name of the Mokshansky (214th) reserve infantry battalion in the district town of Mokshansk, Penza province. In December 1901 he was transferred from Penza to Zlatoust. In March 1903, two companies of the battalion took part in the execution of striking workers of the Zlatoust plant. In May 1904, he was deployed to the 214th Mokshansky Infantry Regiment. From August 14, 1904, the regiment took part in the Russian-Japanese War as part of the 5th Siberian Corps (battles near Liaoliang, attack on Bensiha). The regiment's soldiers distinguished themselves in the battle of Mukden, where for 10 days they held the line on the right flank of the Russian army and, constantly counterattacking the enemy, prevented the encirclement of Russian troops. In this battle, the regiment suffered heavy losses: out of 4,000 bayonets, 700 remained in the ranks; the regiment commander, Colonel P. P. Pobyvanets, died. The regiment received special insignia: officers - badges, soldiers - badges on their hats with the inscription “For distinction in the Russian-Japanese War of 1904-1905.” After the end of hostilities, on May 8, 1906, the regiment returned to Zlatoust, from where in September 1906 it was transferred to Samara, and in May 1910 it was added to the 189th Izmailovsky Infantry Regiment. In 1914, the regiment was re-formed under the name of the 306th Mokshansky. Participated in the 1st World War in battles near Warsaw, Volyn, on the river. Styr, near the Kovno fortress. Disbanded in March 1918.
Upon the announcement of mobilization on June 1, 1904, the Mokshansky regiment deployed into field infantry regiments - the 214th Mokshansky (54th division) and the 282nd Chernoyarsky (71st division).
The 214th Moksha Regiment included: 6 staff officers, 43 chief officers, 404 non-commissioned officers, 3548 privates, 11 mounted orderlies and 61 musicians.
For the war with Japan 1904-1905. Moksha residents lost: killed - 7 officers and 216 lower ranks, wounded - 16 officers and 785 lower ranks, missing - 1 officer and 235 lower ranks (believed to have been killed, but not identified).
One of the bloody battles took place near Mukden and Liaoyang. The Mokshans did not leave the battles for eleven days, holding their positions. On the twelfth day, the Japanese surrounded the regiment. The defenders were running out of strength and ammunition was running out. At this critical moment, in the rear of the Russians, the regimental orchestra began to play, conducted by bandmaster Ilya Alekseevich Shatrov. Marches replaced each other. The music gave the soldiers strength, and the encirclement was broken.
For this battle, seven orchestra members were awarded the St. George Cross.
By September 18, 1906, the regiment was transferred to Samara, where the bandmaster of the Moksha regiment, I.A. Shatrov, published the world-famous waltz “The Moksha Regiment on the Hills of Manchuria.”
His popularity was unusually high. In the first three years after it was written, the waltz was reprinted 82 times. Gramophone records with music written by Shatrov were produced in huge quantities. Abroad, this waltz was even called the “national Russian waltz.” Only in the pre-revolutionary years were several versions of the text written to a popular melody.
The most widely used words were those written by Stepan Skitalets:
ON THE HILLS OF MANCHURI
(pre-revolutionary version)
Music I.Shatrov, lyrics. St. Skitalets
Kaoliang is sleeping,
The hills are covered with darkness...
Warriors sleep on the hills of Manchuria,
And no tears are heard from the Russians...
It's scary around
Only the wind is crying on the hills
Sometimes the moon comes out from behind the clouds,
The soldiers' graves are illuminated.
The crosses are turning white
Distant and beautiful heroes.
And the shadows of the past swirl around,
They tell us about the sacrifices in vain.
In the midst of everyday darkness,
Everyday everyday prose,
We still cannot forget the war,
And burning tears flow.
Heroes of the body
They have long since decayed in their graves,
And we didn’t pay them the last debt
And they did not sing eternal memory.
So sleep, sons,
You died for Rus', for the Fatherland.
But believe me, we will avenge you
And we will celebrate a bloody funeral.
My dear mother is crying, crying
The young wife is crying
All Rus' is crying like one person
Evil rock and fate cursing...
On the hills of Manchuria.
ON THE HILLS OF MANCHURI
(Soviet version)
Music I.Shatrov, lyrics. A. Mashistov
The night has come
Dusk fell on the ground,
Desert hills are drowning in darkness,
The east is covered by a cloud.
Here, underground,
Our heroes are sleeping
The wind sings a song above them and
The stars are looking down from the sky.
It wasn’t a volley that came from the fields -
It was thunder in the distance. 2 times
And again everything around is so calm,
Everything is silent in the silence of the night.
Sleep, fighters, sleep peacefully,
May you dream of your native fields,
Father's distant home.
May you die in battles with enemies,
Your feat calls us to fight,
A banner washed in the blood of the people
We will carry forward.
We will go towards a new life,
Let's throw off the burden of slave shackles.
And the people and the fatherland will not forget
The valor of your sons.
Sleep, fighters, glory to you forever!
Our fatherland, our native land
Don't conquer your enemies!
Night, silence, only the kaoliang is noisy.
Sleep, heroes, your memory
The Motherland protects!
Quoted from the book: "Old waltzes, romances and songs. Songbook" - Compiled by E. B. Sirotkin. L., "Soviet composer", 1987.
Background
Story
After the end of the Russian-Japanese War, the Moksha Regiment remained in Manchuria for another whole year, where Ilya Alekseevich, once on the orders of the new regiment commander in the guardhouse, began to write the waltz “Moksha Regiment on the Hills of Manchuria,” dedicated to his fallen comrades.
In cinema
The song goes:
- In the film “Urga - Territory of Love” by Nikita Mikhalkov.
- In the film “Prisoner of the Caucasus” by Sergei Bodrov.
- In the television series "Saboteur".
- The waltz melody is used in scenes of a high society ball in the film Onegin by Martha Fiennes.
- In the film "Office Romance" by Eldar Ryazanov main character Andrei Myagkova sings parody couplets to the tune of a pre-war version of the waltz: “It’s quiet around, but the badger is not sleeping...”.
- A waltz fragment is heard in the film A Princess for Christmas
- In the film "Brest Fortress"
Text
Due to its wide distribution, some couplets were modified during oral transmission, so that slightly different variants can be found.
| 1906 version of words Stepan Gavrilovich Petrov (Wanderer) (first) |
Pre-revolutionary version | Option by Alexey Ivanovich Mashistov (post-revolutionary) | Pre-war version of the waltz | Option by Pavel Nikolaevich Shubin (1945) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
It's scary around The crosses are turning white In the midst of everyday darkness, Father is crying This is how tears flow Heroes of the body Peace to your soul! |
We will never forget In Chinese (var.) Japanese land Why why? And now in my heart We survived Fathers are crying Peace to your soul, |
The night has come Here, underground It wasn’t a volley that flew from the fields - Sleep, warriors, May you die in battles with enemies, We will go towards a new life, Sleep, fighters, Night. Silence. |
It's quiet around. The crosses turn white - Quiet around My dear mother is crying, crying, Let gaoliang You fell for Rus', |
The fire is fading, In tune with the music Where they are waiting for us today, Shy date nights We saved But also in battle, Far, oh, far Into the dark space Leaving the gloomy land, The fire is fading, |
Popularity outside Russia (USSR)
The waltz melody gained great popularity outside Russia (USSR) - especially in the version Manchurian beat.
USA
American instrumental rock band The Ventures Manchurian beat.
November 8, 2012 On the channel "Culture" the Hollywood film "Eugene Onegin". At Tatiana's name day, guests dance to the waltz "On the Hills of Manchuria"
Sweden
Swedish instrumental rock band The Spotnicks - instrumental performance Manscurian Beat.
Finland
The first gramophone recordings of the song were made in the early 1920s, but the waltz became more widely known in Finland by the mid-1930s. following its performance by accordionist Viljo Vesterinen. The waltz's popularity increased after it was performed in 1945 by Finnish singer Aimo Vilho Andersson. Subsequently, the waltz was performed by such musicians and groups as:
- Finnish instrumental pop group The Sounds, founded in 1963 (not to be confused with the Swedish indie rock band of the same name, founded in 1999). Her version of the waltz performed in 1963 Mandshurian Beat (Mantsurian kukkulat) is the first Finnish composition to exceed a million sales outside the country, in this case in Japan
- Finnish instrumental group Agents - instrumental version of waltz Mandshurian beat, 1998
- singer
On the Hills of Manchuria (originally, the Moksha Regiment on the Hills of Manchuria) is a Russian waltz of the early 20th century, dedicated to the soldiers of the 214th reserve Moksha Infantry Regiment who died in the Russo-Japanese War. The author is the military bandmaster of the regiment Ilya Alekseevich Shatrov. Due to its wide distribution, some couplets were modified during oral transmission, so that slightly different variants can be found. In this version, Yulia Zapolskaya performs the Pre-War version of the waltz.
It's quiet around. The hills are covered with haze.
The moon flashed from behind the clouds, The graves are in peace.
The crosses turn white - These are the heroes sleeping.
The shadows of the past are circling again, They are talking about the victims of battles.
It's quiet all around, the wind has carried away the fog,
The warriors sleep on the Manchurian hills and the Russians do not hear tears.
The dear mother is crying, the dear mother is crying, the young wife is crying,
Everyone is crying as one person, cursing evil fate and fate.
May Kaoliang bring you dreams,
Sleep, heroes of the Russian land, native sons of the Fatherland.
You fell for Rus', You died for the Fatherland.
But believe me, we will avenge you and we will celebrate a glorious funeral feast.
YULIA ALEXANDROVNA ZAPOLSKAYA (WHITNEY) (1919-08/13/1965) - Soviet film actress and singer, composer born in Moscow. Father - Alexander Zapolsky (economist), mother - Estella Khokhlovkina. The parents met at the University of Liege, and around 1914 they returned to Moscow, where Julia was born. She graduated from the Gnessin School, majoring in vocals. During the war, Zapolskaya was part of the pop group of Konstantin Smirnov-Sokolsky. She sang her songs there to the accordion. In the late 1940s, Yulia sang at the “Repeat Film Cinema” at the Nikitsky Gate, then it was customary to invite artists to perform before screenings. She also had several performances after the war with the Utyosovsky Orchestra. Later, Yulia Zapolskaya met US citizen journalist Thomas Whitney and emigrated from the USSR in 1953. They got married in 1959 in Finland. Thomas Whitney helped her record a series of discs for the famous American company Monitor, which produced what is called “world music.” Her first disc was called “Moscow After Dark” (“Midnight Moscow”), it was released by the DECCA studio, and the disc achieved widespread success. In total, the singer recorded and released 10 vinyl discs. She also wrote a book of children's fairy tales. Yulia Zapolskaya's first official disc in Russia was released in 2002. She died and was buried in New York. In the early 1990s and in 2007, the entire series of Yulia Zapolskaya’s records was reissued in the United States.
Mikhail Dyukov http://russianshanson.info/?attr=1&am...
Sheet music for piano can be found here
On the hills of Manchuria
Performed by the choir of the Moscow Sretensky Monastery a cappella, artistic director and conductor - Nikon Zhila. Concert, dedicated to the Day St. George the Victorious (May 6, 2009).
Music - I. Shatrov, words - A. Mashistov.
Soloist - D. Beloselsky.
PROJECT HISTORY OF THE SONG “On the hills of Manchuria” Authors: Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012 Svetlana Leontievna Varlamova, literature teacher Tatyana Iosifovna Eremina, computer science and ICT teacher
1904-05 1945 Pre-war versions of the song's lyrics War period in the history of the song Performers Creative works The history of the creation of the song Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
1904-05 1945 HISTORY OF THE SONG “ON THE HILLS OF MANCHZHURIA” Contents Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
1904-05 “The waltz was at war, he walked in a dusty overcoat, the waltz sang about the Manchurian hills,” K.I. once sang. Shulzhen - co. And now it’s impossible to count how many wars this waltz went through. Even today, the waltz “On the Hills of Manchuria” is in the repertoire of almost every brass band. It has been living its own life for a long time, and not many people know that it was written in 1906 by I.A. Shatrov (1906). regimental bandmaster Ilya Alekseevich Shatrov, who fought on the hills of Manchuria. Contents I Remember I am Proud Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
1904-05 Contents I Remember I am Proud Since 1903, I.A. Shatrov served as bandmaster of the 214th Moksha Infantry Regiment in Zlatoust. The musicians, together with the army, endured all the hardships of the war and took part in battles. Their feat was evidenced by the lists of those awarded: more than two hundred - orders and medals. Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
Contents Photo from the article "Famous Pavlograd residents: Ilya Shatrov." Newspaper "Pavlograd News" dated August 5, 2004. The author of the waltz “On the Hills of Manchuria”, Russian army conductor Ilya Alekseevich Shatrov (1879-1952) April 1, 1879 - was born in the family of a tradesman (according to other sources - a merchant) in the district town of Zemlya-nsk, Voronezh province ( now - a village in the north of Semiluksky district Voronezh region. 1893 - after the death of his father, Ilya was brought up in a platoon of trumpeters of the Grodno Hussar Regiment in Warsaw; . 1900 – graduated from the military bandmaster courses at the Warsaw Music Institute; 1903 - received the position of civilian bandmaster of the 214th Moksha Infantry Regiment in Zlatoust. From 1905 to 1906 – participant in the Russian-Japanese War. Awarded the Military Order of Stanislav, 3rd degree with swords and bow and the medal “For Diligence” 1910 - drama bandmaster, because The Mok-Shan regiment was disbanded. From the 1920s to 1935 - served in the Pavlograd garrison. In 1935-1938 - directs the orchestra of the Tambov Cavalry School, retired to the reserve due to age. From 1938 to the Second World War, he worked in Tambov. Since the beginning of the Second World War, the Kappelmei erased the divisions. Awarded the Order Red Star, medals "For Courage" and "For Combat Valor. After the war, he directed the orchestra of the Kirovobad garrison in the Transcaucasian Military District. In 1951-52, he retired and headed the musical department in Tambov Suvorov School, educated future officers. Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
In February 1905, the regiment took part in bloody battles near Mukden and Liaoyang. The Mokshans did not leave the battles for 11 days, holding their positions. On the 12th day, the Japanese surrounded the regiment. The defenders were running out of strength and ammunition was running out. At this critical moment, in the rear of the Russians, the regimental orchestra began to play, conducted by bandmaster I.A. Tents. Marches replaced each other. The music gave the soldiers strength, and the encirclement was broken. Contents In those years, many works inspired by Far Eastern events appeared. These were songs about the feat of the cruiser “Varyag” (among others, engineer-general Caesar Cui responded to this topic), “Heroic Feat” by A. Taskin, “Prayer for Victory”, “Death of Rurik”, “In Memory of Vice Admiral Makarov”, march “Port Arthur” and “From the Fallen Strongholds of Port Arthur” by A. Danilevsky, “On Baikal” by V. Katansky, “Transbaikal Waltz” by V. Beckner and others. Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
The bandmaster of the regiment, 20-year-old Ilya Shatrov, walked ahead of the orchestra. The Mokshans scattered the Japanese with a friendly bayonet strike and made their way to join the Russian army. The regiment was practically destroyed, and only seven of the orchestra musicians remained alive. The bandmasters of the Russian army did not have officer ranks, most of them were civilians, and, according to the regulations, were awarded medals. But as an exception, some of them were awarded civilian ranks corresponding to officer ranks, and were awarded the Cross of St. George and honorary silver trumpets. To the sounds of the regimental orchestra, with the banner unfurled, the regimental commander, Colonel Pobyvanets, led the Moksha men in bayonet attacks. Last fights The regiment was completely surrounded. When the ammunition ran out, Colonel Pobyvanets, standing under the banner with a drawn saber, led the regiment to break through. Under fierce rifle and artillery fire from the enemy, the Moksha riflemen, with bayonets pointed, menacingly advanced towards the enemy. The regiment suffered heavy losses, but the regimental orchestra, despite the deadly hurricane fire and explosions of enemy shells, continued to harmoniously perform the solemn marches of the Russian imperial army. Contents Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
In the summer of 1906, in the city of Zlato-ust, Shatrov, in memory of his comrades in arms, those whose graves with white crosses remained on the distant hills of Manchuria, created the 1st edition of his waltz, calling it “Moksha regiment on the hills of Manchuria." The composer tried to put into the sounds of the ancient waltz a deep and strong feeling of bright sadness for the fallen heroes. I Remember I am Proud Contents Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
At the time of writing the waltz, I. A. Shatrov was 27 years old. In 1910, the regiment was transferred to Samara, where Shatrov became friends with the teacher, composer and music publisher O.F. Knaub, who assisted the aspiring composer in completing work on the waltz and publishing it. Soon the waltz became famous not only in Russia, but also abroad. In 1907, waltz sheet music was sold in O. Knaub's cheap editions store. I Remember I am Proud Contents Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
In Samara, in the Strukovsky Garden, the first performance of the waltz by the regimental orchestra took place. The audience did not accept the waltz: the provincials silently dispersed, not bothering to applaud. But two years later, the “Moksha Regiment on the Hills of Manchuria” was already enormously popular. I Remember I am Proud Contents Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
Contents On April 29, 1908, the newspaper “Gorodskoy Vestnik” wrote about this: “Since April 24, the orchestra of the Moksha regiment quartered in Samara has been playing in the Strukovsky Garden under the direction of bandmaster Shatrov, who, apparently, has set a goal eliminate bravura pieces from the musical works played by the orchestra, with the indispensable participation of a thundering Turkish drum and the crashing of copper cymbals. solidly and conscientiously." "Famous Pavlograd residents: Ilya Shatrov." Newspaper "Pavlograd News" dated August 5, 2004. Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
The circulation of sheet music (since 1910 and gramophone records) significantly exceeded the circulation of other fashionable waltzes. Its popularity was high: in the first three years after it was written, the waltz was reprinted 82 times. Abroad, it was even called the “national Russian waltz.” One of the most difficult tasks of any research is establishing the date of recording, because the manufacturing companies did not indicate it on their records. I Remember I am Proud Contents Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
Even those rare companies that did this often provided it in encrypted form. If the dates of the recordings were indicated, then no one would buy “last year’s” records. The Siren Record record can be dated to approximately August-October 1909. Recorded in Warsaw. The recording date on the RAOG record can be determined even more roughly: it has a matrix/catalog number 8010 (the matrix and catalog numbers of the RAOG records were the same). Contents Records with such numbers were released in 1912. You can pay attention to the fact that there is no AMPRA stamp on it - a certificate of payment of royalties. Cynical profit, making a profit from the sale of music written in memory of fallen comrades, could not leave the composer indifferent. Ilya Shatrov was lucky enough to restore justice. He had to face what today is commonly called “piracy” in relation to his intellectual property. The waltz was repeatedly published on gramophone records and, as was common then, the author of the work did not receive any financial royalties from its sale. Copyright law did not come into force until 1911. Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
Many years have passed since then. Today both this record and the waltz have become part of history. And one more effect of gramophone popularity: the original name of the waltz did not fit on these records, and the dedication to the Moksha regiment disappeared from it - it became simply “On the hills of Manchuria.” The waltz is known to the general public today under this name. I Remember I am Proud Contents Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
Some editions of it were accompanied by the author's remarks to the musical phrases: “Sad” or “Conversation of orphaned women”, “Conversation of soldiers”. And for the remark “The Wrath of the Soldiers,” the holder of the Order of Stanislav was summoned to the police station. I Remember I am Proud Contents Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
1904-05 1945 Pre-war versions of the song “ON THE HILLS OF MANCHZHURIA” Contents Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
The waltz was originally written as an instrumental piece. But, as often happens, lyrics quickly appeared to accompany the memorable melody. Subsequently - not alone. Information about the time of writing and the authors of the texts is extremely contradictory. The texts are distinguished: pre-revolutionary post-revolutionary pre-war military It is believed that the author of the very first poems is Stepan Petrov Stepan Gavrilovich Petrov (Wanderer); (1869 - 1941), Russian writer, poet and prose writer. I Remember I am Proud Contents Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
Most sources indicate that the Wanderer is the author of the following text: The Wanderer and M. Gorky But there is reason to assume that the earliest version was still different. The earliest recording of a waltz with the text sung is dated 10/14/1910, and different words are sung in it. I Remember I'm Proud Contents The dear mother is crying, the dear mother is crying, The young wife is crying, Everyone is crying as one person, Cursing the evil fate and fate!... Let the kaoliang bring you dreams, Sleep the heroes of the Russian land, The native sons of the Fatherland. You fell for Rus', you died for the Fatherland, Believe me, we will avenge you and celebrate a bloody funeral. It’s quiet all around, the hills are covered with darkness, the moon flashes from behind the clouds, the graves are peaceful. The crosses turn white - these are the heroes sleeping. The shadows of the past have been circling for a long time, They are talking about the victims of battles. It’s quiet all around, the wind has carried away the fog, On the hills of Manchuria the warriors are sleeping And the Russians don’t hear the tears. Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
It’s scary all around, And the wind is crying on the hills. Sometimes the moon emerges from behind the clouds, Lighting up the graves of the soldiers. The crosses of distant, beautiful heroes are turning white. And the shadows of the past are circling around, Telling us about the sacrifices in vain. In the midst of everyday darkness, Everyday everyday prose, We still cannot forget the war, And burning tears are flowing. The father is crying, the young wife is crying, all of Rus' is crying as one person, cursing the evil fate of fate. So tears flow, like the waves of a distant sea, And the heart is tormented by melancholy and sadness And the abyss of great grief! The bodies of the heroes have long since decayed in their graves, but we have not repaid them the last debt and have not sung eternal memory. Peace to your soul! You died for Rus', for the Fatherland. But believe me, we will avenge you and celebrate a bloody funeral feast! Sounds the voice of Bogemsky D.A. 1906 I Remember I’m Proud Contents Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
And yet in Lately They believe that “It’s scary around...” belongs to the Wanderer, and “It’s quiet around...” is a later version. There are also hybrid versions, for example, in the collection “Mitkovsky Songs” the text of the Wanderer, but with a new first verse: Kaoliang is sleeping, The hills are covered darkness... On the hills of Manchuria, the warriors are sleeping, And no tears are heard from the Russians... And the last one is from “It’s Quiet Around...”: The dear mother is crying, crying, The young wife is crying, Everyone is crying as one person, Evil fate and cursing fate !... And the author is S. Skitalets. I Remember I am Proud Contents Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
Another interesting recording of a waltz - performed by M. Bragin. The record was recorded at the Sirena Record studio in January 1911. I Remember I'm Proud Contents Rus', For the Faith, the Tsar and the Fatherland! We have experienced the Abyss of great grief, And tears involuntarily flow from our eyes, Like the waves of a distant sea. Fathers, Mothers, children, widows are weeping, And there, far away in the Manchurian fields, crosses and tombs are whitening. Peace to your soul, Our people's revolutions! Accept the last farewell greetings From sorrowful, mournful Russia. We will never forget This terrible picture, And the fact that Russia could survive the troubles and shame of the time! In the Chinese (var.) Japanese land On the distant plains of the East Thousands of ours remained lying By the will of the unfortunate Fate. Why, why did fate laugh at us, And so uselessly, without any need, the soldier’s blood was shed?! And now in our hearts there remains hope for a funeral feast, With the knowledge of Fate we die for the city of Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
Here is another hybrid option: Kaoliang is sleeping, the hills are covered in darkness. The moon flashed from behind the clouds, The graves are in peace. It's quiet all around, the wind has carried away the fog. On the hills of Manchuria, warriors are sleeping and no Russian tears are heard. May the kaoliang bring us dreams. Sleep, heroes of the Russian land, native sons of the Fatherland... I Remember I am Proud Contents The excerpt is quoted in the song by Alexander Galich “On the hills of Manchuria (in memory of M. Zoshchenko), 1969. Kozlovsky Ivan Semenovich (1900 - 1993) Kozlovsky always performed the pre-war version of “Quiet Around ..." Instead of “bloody”, he has “glorious funeral feast”. Apparently, in order to avoid all sorts of misunderstandings about the excessive bloodthirstiness of the Russians. The last verse of his song sounded like this: You fell for Rus', you died for the Fatherland, Believe me, we will avenge you and we will celebrate a glorious funeral feast. It’s quiet all around, the hills are covered with darkness, the moon flashes from behind the clouds, the graves are peaceful. The crosses turn white - these are the heroes sleeping. The shadows of the past have been circling for a long time, They are talking about the victims of battles. It’s quiet all around, the wind has carried away the fog, On the hills of Manchuria the warriors are sleeping And the Russians don’t hear the tears. The dear mother is crying, crying, the young wife is crying, everyone is crying as one person, cursing the evil fate and fate!... Let the gaoliang bring you dreams, Sleep, heroes of the Russian land, native sons of the Fatherland. You fell for Rus', you died for the Fatherland, Believe me, we will avenge you and celebrate a bloody funeral. And we will celebrate a glorious funeral feast. Performers, Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
The post-revolutionary, Soviet version also includes poems by A. I. Mashistov; Wikipedia names Demyan Bedny as the author of this text. I Remember I'm Proud Contents The night has come, Dusk has fallen on the ground, The deserted hills are drowning in darkness, The east is covered with clouds. Here, underground, Our heroes sleep, the wind sings a song above them, and the stars look from the sky. It was not a volley that came from the fields - It was thunder in the distance. And again everything around is so calm, Everything is silent in the silence of the night. Sleep, fighters, sleep peacefully, May you dream of your native fields, your father's distant home. Let you die in battles with enemies, Your feat calls us to fight, We will carry forward the banner washed with the blood of the people. We will go towards a new life, Let's throw off the burden of slave shackles. And the people and the fatherland will not forget the valor of their sons. Sleep, fighters, glory to you forever! Our fatherland, our dear land, cannot be conquered by enemies! Night, silence, only the kaoliang is noisy. Sleep, heroes, the Motherland preserves your memory! Performers Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
1904-05 1945 The war period in the history of the song “ON THE HILLS OF MANCHURIA” Contents Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
A new peak in the popularity of the waltz came during the Great Patriotic War, when it was performed by I. Kozlovsky and many front-line concert brigades included it in their repertoires. In 1943, the jazz orchestra under the direction of Utesov prepared a new concert program, in which Shatrov’s waltz was performed, but no recordings were preserved. Filled with new, patriotic content, he spoke about the Russian soldier’s love for the Fatherland: “You are a brave warrior, worthy of your ancestors, a faithful son of the Motherland!” At the end of the Great Patriotic War, the waltz “On the Hills of Manchuria” was often performed on the radio and in concerts in connection with the ceremonial moments celebrating the victories of the Soviet Army over the Japanese militarists in Manchuria.I.S. Kozlovsky (1900-1993) Soviet Russian singer (lyric tenor ), People's Artist of the USSR L.O. Utesov (Vaisbei Lazar Iosifovich) (1895-1982) pop singer, theater and film actor Contents Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
In 1945, the front-line poet Pavel Shubin wrote another poetic test to the music of Ilya Shatrov. The idea for the text was inspired by the battles of the Red Army with the troops of militaristic Japan. This text can be considered the least known, it is all the more surprising that the recording of the waltz has been preserved in the gramophone record. Shubin Pavel Nikolaevich (1914-1950), Russian Soviet poet 1945 Contents Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
In 2007, this recording, previously unknown to researchers, was made by K. Vershinin from the Artel “Plastmass” record number 1891. The recording of the song performed by P.T. Kirichek dates back to 1959. Pyotr Kirichek (1902 - 1968) Honored Artist of the RSFSR, Laureate of the All-Union Competition of Performing Musicians. 1945 Contents Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
The fire is fading, the hills are covered with fog. Light sounds of the old waltz The button accordion quietly leads. In harmony with the music, I remembered the hero-soldier of Dew, birch trees, light brown braids, A girl's sweet look. Where they are waiting for us today, In the meadow in the evening hour, We danced this waltz with the strictest untouchables. Evenings of timid dates have long passed and disappeared into the darkness... The Manchurian hills sleep under the moon in gunpowder smoke. We saved. The glory of our native land. In fierce battles we are in the East, Hundreds of roads have been passed. But even in battle, in a distant foreign land, we remember our motherland in bright sadness. Far, oh, far away from the light at this moment. In the night, gloomy clouds from Manchuria float towards her. 1945 Contents Into the dark expanse, Past the night lakes, Lighter than birds, above the border, Above the Siberian mountains. Leaving the gloomy land, Let all our brightest thoughts, Our love and sadness fly after us to the joyful one. Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
These poems are no longer a requiem. A lyrical story of memories of peacetime, of a distant home, of dancing to the sounds of this particular waltz, smoothly flowing into something pathetic with the theme “here we are back, glory to the fallen.” So, “Russian National Waltz” spread all over the world. And in Russia the name of its author gradually began to be forgotten. A group of orchestra members of the Guards Svir Division. In the center on the right is I. A. Shatrov (1947). 1945 Contents Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
With the disappearance of the dedication to the Moksha regiment from the inscriptions on the gramophone records, the name of the author then disappeared. On Soviet records it was simply called the “old waltz.” "Ancient Waltz" - this is highest degree confessions of the author during his lifetime! Could there be a higher reward for its creator?! 1945 Contents In the picture, Shatrov is a captain, he no longer had time to be photographed with a major’s shoulder straps, 1952, Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
1904-05 1945 Performers of the song “ON THE HILLS OF MANCHZHURIA” Contents Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
...In the edge of the blue hills in mass graves Russian soldiers are sleeping. Their grandchildren and great-grandchildren came to bow to them. Now they have stood up to defend the sacred borders of the Motherland. They vigilantly guard the peace of the heroes of two wars. Behind them is a great victorious country. In their hearts is selfless love for the Motherland, a readiness to increase its honor and glory. 1945 Contemporary performers Pre-revolutionary “It’s scary around...” “We will never forget...” Post-revolutionary “The night has come...” Lyudmila Zykina Dmitry Hvorostovsky Pre-war “It’s quiet around...” Maxim Troshin Vladimir Gostyukhin Evgenia Smolyaninova Military “The fire is fading...” Contents Previous Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
Lyudmila Georgievna Zykina (1929 - 2009), Soviet and Russian singer, performer of Russian folk songs, Russian romances, pop songs. People's Artist of the USSR, Hero of Socialist Labor. Founder and director of the Rossiya ensemble. Lyudmila Zykina is called the great Russian singer video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vyjYY_dUlPg Contents Performers Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
Vladimir Vasilyevich Gostyukhin (b. 1946), Soviet and Belarusian theater and film actor. Honored Artist of the RSFSR. People's Artist of Belarus. The song “On the hills of Manchuria” was performed by him in the film “Urga” video http://krupnov.livejournal.com/181916.html Contents Performers Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
Maxim Yuryevich Troshin (1978-1995), Russian singer, poet and composer. From the age of 13 he was regent in the church in Bryansk, served as a bell ringer at the Church of the Tikhvin Icon of the Mother of God and as a subdeacon of Bishop Melchizedek, and led the church choir. Tragically died on June 5, 1995. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fWDgs34wilk&feature=related -- CLIP Contents Performers Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
Dmitry Aleksandrovich Hvorostovsky (b. 1962), opera singer (baritone), Honored Artist of the RSFSR, People's Artist Russian Federation. VIDEO http://krupnov.livejournal.com/181916.html Contents Performers Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
Evgenia Valeryevna Smolyaninova (b. 1964), Russian singer, performer of Russian folk songs, romances and art songs, composer, Honored Artist of the Russian Federation. VIDEO http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4UC-cbPMZh4 Contents Performers Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
1904-05 1945 Creative work of students to create the image of the song “ON THE HILLS OF MANCHZHURIA” Contents Ulyanovsk, MBOU gymnasium named after V.N. Deev, 2012
