информационно коммуникативную - осуществляет прием и передачу информации регулятивно-коммуникативную - регулирует поведение человека при его общении - как воздействовать на человека: выразить просьбу, посоветовать, одобрить, запретить, и. т. д. аффективно-коммуникативную, детерминирующую эмоциональные сферы человека - ценностно-ориентированную: выразить чувства. Организуя устно-речевое общение на уроке, следует иметь в виду, что в структуре говорения выделяются три фазы: .
1.Мотивационно-побудительная. Во время переработки поступающей информации у слушателя формируется своя коммуникативная задача, свое речевое умение и появляется замысел высказывания.
2.Аналитико-синтетическая:В этой фазе осуществляется реализация замысла высказывания, структурное оформление, обусловленное коммуникативной задачей и ситуацией общения. Происходит выбор языковых средств, сопоставление и сочетание слов (реализация парадигматических и синтагматических связей слова: достраивание, конструирование, трансформирование, комбинирование из того, что хранится в памяти).
3.Контрольно-исполнительская: На этом этапе осуществляется проговаривание или внешнее оформление высказывания, логическое построение в соответствии с замыслом, придание эмоционально-выразительной окрашенности речи.
В структуре монологического высказывания выделяют:
1.Уровень предложения (фразы), где мысль называется, но не раскрывается
2.Уровень сверхфразового единства, где мысль раскрывается
3.Уровень развернутого текста, в который включаются сочетания коммуникативных типов речи.
4.Уровень свободной речи, где реализуется умение говорить в неподготовленной ситуации.
При обучении монологическому высказыванию следует иметь в виду различные типы монологических высказываний:
Монолог-описание - способ изложения мыслей, предполагающий характеристику предмета, явления, который осуществляется путем перечисления их качеств, признаков, особенностей. Монолог-сообщение (повествование, рассказ)- информация о развивающихся событиях, действиях и состояниях
Монолог-рассуждение - тип речи, который характеризуется особыми логическими отношениями между входящими в его состав суждениями, образующими умозаключение.
При этом у учащихся проявляются разные уровни сформированности речи. Такие как:
а) репродуктивный уровень, не предполагающий самостоятельности и творчества учащихся как в выборе языковых средств так и в определении содержания высказывания, оно дается извне
б) репродуктивно-продуктивный уровень, предполагающий элемент творчества и самостоятельности, проявляющийся в варьироавнии языкового материала, использование его в новой ситуации, в изменении последовательности и композиции изложения
в) продуктивный уровень, характеризующий самостоятельностью отбора и построения высказывания, а также творческим подходом в его оформлении, наличие оценки со стороны говорящего.
При обучении монологической речи исполъзуются два способа: дедуктивный и индуктивный. Дедуктивный предполагает работу над текстом – образцом, а индуктивный способ предполагает развертывание высказывания от предложения к монологу .
Из опыта, накопленного педагогами, следует, что работа над указанными выше типами монологического высказывания требует использование соответствующих типов упражнений, направленных на обучение
а) высказыванию на уровне одного предложения
Такими упражнениями могут быть:
-соединить простые предложения рассказа в сложные
-закончить высказывание, используя предложенные варианты
-подобрать к данным тезисам соответствующие аргументы
б) элементарному высказыванию - сверхфразовому единству.
Упражнения, обучающие этому уровню:
-объясни причину
-докажи, что
-выбери картину и аргументируй свой выбор
-выскажи мнение о событиях и его участниках
Здесь необходимо формировать умение логически и последовательно комбинировать предложения, объединяя их в высказывание о предмете по данной теме, в данной ситуации.
в) владению свободной речи:
-композиции на доске, фланелеграфе, кодоскопе, (позволяющие варьировать ситуации)
-заголовки, - лозунги,- афоризмы, - поговорки
-символика, -пиктограммы, цвет, диаграммы, схемы, графическая изобразительная наглядность.
Данные опоры обеспечивают мотивацию высказывания, развивают творческие способности и воображение учащихся.
38) УПРАЖНЕНИЯ НА РАЗВИТИЕ ТАКТИЛЬНО_КИНЕСТЕТИЧЕСКИХ ОЩУЩЕНИЙ
(Берите не все упражнения, а те которые понравились)
Игры упражнения
для развития тактильно-кинестетической чувствительности
«Поздоровайся с водичкой»
(дети различными способами дотрагиваются до воды)
«Пальчики здороваются с водичкой»:
- дотронуться до воды поочередно каждым пальцем правой и левой руки, после – двумя руками одновременно (сначала только указательными, потом – средними, затем – безымянными, большими и, наконец, мизинчиками), затем всеми пальцами одновременно;
- легко и с напряжением (поочередно) сжимать кулачки в воде и разжимать их, как будто удерживая в них воду;
- потирать в воде пальчиками поочередно (указательными, средними и т.д.), словно «перетирать» что-то;
- быстро перебирать пальчиками руки по поверхности воды, выполняя «бегущие» движения; по воде могут «бегать» сначала пальчики правой, затем левой руки, а потом пальчики обеих рук одновременно.
По водичке могут «бегать» указательные и средние пальцы правой и левой руки:
Жил на свете человек –
Скрюченные ножки,
И гулял он целый век
По скрюченной дорожке.
Вот бегут босые ножки
Прямо к речке по дорожке.
По поверхности воды «бегают» пальчики обеих рук, а затем они сжимаются в кулачки; кулачки опускаются на дно:
Вышли пальчики гулять.
Раз – два – три – четыре – пять,
В домик спрятались опять.
«Шагать» пальчиками по воде, выполняя мелкие шажки (слегка дотрагиваться до воды подушечками пальцев) и «шагать» по воде, сжав руки в кулачки – большие шаги:
По ровненькой дорожке
Ходили наши ножки,
Ходили наши ножки.
(Выполняются маленькие «шажки».)
По ровненькой дороге,
Прошли большие ноги.
Топ – топ – топ, топ – топ – топ,
Ходили наши ноги!
(Выполняются большие «шаги»
кулачками.)
«Ладошки здороваются с водичкой»:
- дотрагиваться до воды всей ладошкой сначала внутренней, а затем тыльной стороной;
- потирать ладошки в воде в разных направлениях.
«Течет ручеек»:
- взрослый из стаканчика льет водичку в сомкнутые ладошки ребенка, а ребенок старается удержать водичку в ладошках, а затем выпустить ее из рук; ребенок старается держать пальчики сомкнутыми, чтобы водичка сквозь них «не убегала».
«Кулачок – стаканчик»:
- дети делают «стаканчики», смыкая пальцы руки и образуя отверстие внутри, а взрослый из леечки (бутылочки) наливает воду в «стаканчики»; дети наблюдают, как водичка вытекает снизу из рук – «стаканчиков».
«Плывут рыбки»:
- поскользить ребром ладоней по поверхности воды и на глубине, выполняя зигзагообразные и круговые движения, показывая, как плавают рыбки; потом опустить ручки в воду, на самое донышко – «рыбки притаились»:
В чистой голубой водице
Плывет рыбок вереница.
Чешуей златой сверкая,
Кружится, играет стая!
Тишина их манит вниз,
Рыбки, рыбки, спать ложись.
Вот это, представьте себе, - водоем,
Я – рыбка волшебная,
Плаваю в нем.
Покачать запястьями влево и вправо:
Рыбки пляшут в синем море, -
Хорошо им на просторе!
Рыбка плавает в водице,
Рыбке весело играть.
Рыбка, рыбка, озорница,
Мы хотим тебя поймать.
- имитировать руками движения в соответствии с текстом (сжимать и разжимать кулачки, прижимать ладошки к донышку):
Рыбки весело резвятся
В чистой тепленькой воде:
То сожмутся, разожмутся,
То зароются в песке.
«Курочка пьет воду»:
- пальцы сложить в виде клюва; ритмично наклонять кисть руки вниз, в воду, поднимать вверх из воды, имитируя водопой курочки:
Наша курочка гуляла,
Травку свежую щипала
И пила водицу
Прямо из корытца.
«Стирка»:
- на первую строчку – тереть один кулачок о другой, на вторую строчку – движения ладонями вправо – влево, на третью – сжимать-разжимать кулачки, имитировать движения, изображающие развешивание белья:
Мы белье стирали,
В речке полоскали,
Выжали, развесили –
То-то стало весело!
«Дождик, дождик, мороси!»:
Солнце с тучкою опять
В прятки начали играть.
Только солнце спрячется –
Тучка вся расплачется!
Взрослый говорит детям, что тучка плакать начинает – и начинается дождик. Дождик может быть мелким, капельки падают редко, а может лить сильно:
- ударять поочередно пальчиками обеих рук по поверхности воды, изображая падающие дождевые капельки; а когда дождик усиливается, можно ударять по воде сразу всеми пальчиками;
- опускать ручки в воду и поднимать их, наблюдая, как стекают с них капли воды, - «дождик закончился»,
- поднимать руки из воды и разбрызгивать капельки, сжимая и разжимая кулачки.
Кап-кап-кап, кап-кап-кап,
Тучки собираются,
Кап-кап-кап, кап-кап-кап,
Дождик начинается,
Вот на землю капельки,
Капельки упали,
Ручейки, ручейки
Быстро побежали.
Ударяют кончиками пальцев
о поверхность воды
Водят пальчиками по воде,
изображая круги
Кап-кап-кап, кап-кап-кап,
Дождик продолжается,
И никак, и никак
Дождик не кончается.
Капельки устали
Долго танцевать.
Дождик, дождик, перестань.
Отдохнуть немного дай!
Ударяют кончиками пальцев
о поверхность воды
Ручки стряхивают, разбрызгивая
последние капельки
- ловить капельки в ладошки (дети могут сами капать в свои ладошки водичкой, или взрослый может капать водичкой в ладошки детей, изображая дождик):
Дождик, дождик, веселей!
Капай, капай, не жалей!
Дождик, дождик,
Лей, лей, лей,
На меня и на людей!
Дождик, дождик, пуще,
Травка будет гуще!
Дождик, дождик, веселей!
Капай, капай, не жалей!
Только нас не замочи!
Зря в окошко не стучи -
Брызни в поле пуще:
Станет травка гуще!
Дождик, дождик, пуще,
Будет травка гуще.
Дождик, дождик, посильней,
Огород ты наш полей.
«Волны»:
- волны можно изображать, выполняя движения в воде вправо-влево, ныряющие движения вверх-вниз, одной рукой или двумя руками одновременно:
Гонит ветер волны, волны!
Хватит, ветер, полно, полно!
Успокойся, стань потише!
Волны сразу станут ниже!
(Постепенно волны стихают, движения руками становятся менее резкими, более плавными.)
«Плывут лодочки»:
- ладонь руки – вверх, сложить пальчики «лодочкой», плавно двигать кисть по воде вперед-назад – «лодочки плывут»; затем плавно двигать кисть влево - вправо, изображая покачивающиеся движения – «качаем лодочку»:
Долго лодочку качало.
Ветер стих, и лодка встала.
- на первые строчки две ладони соединить лодочкой и выполнять волнообразные движения руками. На слова «паруса подниму» - поднять выпрямленные ладони вверх, затем имитировать движения волн и рыбок:
Две ладошки прижму и по морю поплыву.
Две ладошки, друзья, - это лодочка моя!
Паруса подниму, синим морем поплыву,
А по буйным волнам плывут рыбки тут и там.
- обе ладони поставлены на ребро, большие пальцы прижаты к ладоням, как ковшик:
Лодочка плывет по речке,
Оставляя на воде колечки.
- обе ладони поставлены на ребро, мизинцы прижаты, большие пальцы подняты вверх:
Пароход без колес!
Вот так чудо – пароход!
Прямо по морю пошел!
«Уточки кря-кря»:
- сложить три пальчика вместе (указательный, средний и большой), изображая клюв уточки. Движения «уточек» сопровождаются рифмованным текстом.
Сначала «уточки» плывут по воде (качающиеся движения на поверхности воды), потом ныряют и выныривают (опускаются ручки на глубину и всплывают наверх), гребут лапками (перебирать пальчиками по воде, изображая утиные лапки):
На волнах качаясь,
Уточка плывет,
То нырнет, то вынырнет,
Лапками гребет.
Здесь вы найдете примерные монологи для всех заданий ОГЭ по английскому языку. Напоминаю, что монологическое высказывание является третьим и заключительным заданием устной части экзамена.
Монологи составлены в соответствии с открытой базой Федерального института педагогических измерений (Фипи), раскрыв все темы строго по их плану.
Задание
You are going to give a talk about
keeping fit.
You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes. Remember to say:
· why a healthy lifestyle is more popular nowadays;
· what you do to keep fit;
· what sports activities are popular with teenagers in your region.
Примерный
ответ
Well, now I’m going to give a talk about keeping fit and healthy lifestyle.
Healthy lifestyle is becoming more and more popular nowadays. There is a number of reasons for that but the most important reason is that people live under the press of different problems, such as social, ecological, economic and others. A person should be strong and healthy in order to overcome all difficulties. Healthy lifestyle helps people do that.
As for me, I try to keep fit in different ways. First of all, I do my morning exercises every day. In addition to it, I go to the swimming pool once or sometimes twice a week. Also, I stay away from bad habits, because I’m convinced that cigarettes, alcohol and drugs destroy both body and brain.
Well, as to other teenagers of my region, I should say that they are interested in different sports activities. They often play football and other active games on sports grounds, go to gyms and swimming pools. Besides, more and more young men become interested in martial arts, such as karate, boxing, kickboxing, judo and so on.
In conclusion, I’d like to emphasise the fact that healthy lifestyle is a “must” for modern people
2 Монолог “My school”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about your school. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes. Remember to say:
· what you like most about your school;
· what weekday you find the most difficult, and why;
· what you would like to change in your school life.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный ответ
I like my school very much, but it is my classmates that I like best of all. We are all good friends and get on well with each other. We spend much time together doing sports, playing active games and so on.
As for weekdays, I find Monday the most difficult one because we have six lessons on this day, including Mathematics and Physics. Frankly speaking, I’m not good at these subjects, and I don’t enjoy these lessons.
In my opinion, much can be changed and improved in my school. For example, PE lessons. I’d like them be more diverse. As a rule, we play volleyball and basketball at the lessons, or simply on the stadium. It would be better if we had a chance to work out with weights and play games that are more interesting .
In conclusion, I’d like to emphasise the fact that school education is very important for teenagers and should help them build character and develop mind.
Задание
(
вариант
2)
You are going to give a talk about your school. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· what your typical school day is like;
· what your favourite subject is, and why;
· what you like most about your school.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный
ответ
Well, now I’m going to give a talk about my school.
To begin with, I’d like to say that my shool is one of the biggest schools in my city, where more than one thousand pupils get their education.
As far as my typical school day concerned, I should say it is very busy. It usually starts at 8 o’clock in the morning and comes to an end at 2 or 3 o’clock in the afternoon. Every day we have 6 and sometimes 7 lessons. We also have breaks, but they are not very long.
As I have just mentioned, my typical school day involves a number of lessons. Russian, Literature, and Mathematics are the most frequent ones. As a rule, we do a lot of work at these lessons: learn rules, do exercises and tests, write essays, make reports, and so on.
My favourite subject is English. I have been learning it since the 2nd form and I hope to relate my life to it. Chances are good that I will be an interpreter. If not, I can always go to school and be an English teacher.
I like a lot in my school but it is my classmates that I like most. We are all good friends and get on well with each other. We spend much time together doing sports, playing active games, going to the cinema.
In conclusion, I’d like to emphasis the fact that school education is very important for teenagers and should help them build character and develop mind.
3 Монолог “The place where I live”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about the place where you live. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· what your city, town or village is famous for;
· what your favourite place in your city, town or village is, and why you like it;
· whether you are going to stay in your city, town or village after leaving school or move to another place, and why.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный
ответ
(
на
примере
г
.
Кемерово
)
Well, I am going to give a talk about my city.
To begin with, I’d like to say that the name of my city is Kemerovo. This is the capital of Kuzbass, the main coal region of Siberia.
In the first place, Kemerovo is famous for its coal producers and chemical industry. Coal mined here is consumed in this country and exported abroad. In addition to coal, different chemicals are produced here. THe products of a gigantic plant Azot are in great demand all over the country.
As to me, I like my city very much, because it has lots of beautiful places where you can rest and relax. The embankment of the river Tom is my favourite place in Kemerovo. Here you can sit quietly on the banks and admire wondefurl nature. The embankment is also a good place where you can walk alone or with your friends.
Frankly speaking, I haven’t yet decided what to do after leaving school. It depends on many factors. More likely than not, I will stay in my city, because I have all the opportunities to get good education here. I just have no reason of moving to another region. But as the saying is, time will tell.
In conclusion, I’d like to invite everyone to visit Kemerovo and enjoy this city.
4 Монолог “Foreign languages”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about foreign languages. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· why lots of people learn foreign languages nowadays;
· why you have chosen to do the English exam this year;
· what you did to prepare for your English exam.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный
ответ
To begin with, I’d like to say that more and more people learn foreign languages nowadays. They do it for a number of reasons. In the first place, people want to understand citizens of other countries and to be understood by them. In addition to it, travelling has become easier, and the Russians have a variety of opportunities for going abroad. If you are fluent in a foreign language, you feel more confident.
It goes without saying that English is established as the most important and popular language. As for me, I have been learning English for 5 years. And this year I have chosen to do the English exam. I regard this exam as a chance to test my language skills. I have always wanted to know my real speaking skills and find out my strengths and weaknesses.
I did much work to prepare for my English exam. First of all, I revised grammar. I learned a lot of rules and consolidated them in doing exercises. In addition to it, I read texts of various genres to enlarge my vocabulary. I also listened to a number of radio programmes and podcasts to make my listening better. And I also made efforts to improve my speaking. I used every chance to speak English at the lessons and at home.
In conclusion, I’d like to emphasize the fact that English is in great demand these days, so I recommend everybody to start learning it as soon as possible and commit to it.
5 Монолог “Pets”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about pets. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· why people keep pets;
· what pets are most popular in big cities;
· whether having pets is a big responsibility, and why.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный
ответ
Well, I am going to give a talk about pets.
To begin with, I’d like to say that nowadays more and more people keep pets in their houses: cats, dogs, parrots, hamsters, guinea pigs, and so on. They do it for a number of reasons. In the first place, people seek to make friends, and pets are a kind of friends they can make fast and easily. Besides, pets give positive emotions, that’s why people like to keep them. If you are under stress, you can just stroke your cat and feel somewhat relieved.
As to the most popular pets in big cities, I should say it depends. If you live in a big city, a cat or a small dog would be the best option. Firstly, they don’t need extensive space to live on. Secondly, you don’t have to spend a lot of money on buying pet food. If you live in the country, you can choose whatever you want. There is always plenty of room and food for any pet here.
Anyway, having pets is a big responsibility. Pets are animate objects, and if you don’t take good care of them, they may fall sick and even die.
In conclusion, I’d like to emphasise the fact that pets play an important part in our life and we should be aware of both pluses and minuses of keeping them.
6 Монолог “The Internet”
Задание
Remember to say:
· why today’s teenagers use the Internet so much;
· how the Internet makes long-distance communication easier;
· what dangers teenagers can face when they use the Internet.
You have to talk continuously.
Задание
(
вариант
2)
You are going to give a talk about the Internet. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· why using the Internet is so popular;
· how the Internet can help students in their studies;
· whether the Internet can be dangerous, and why.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный
ответ
To begin with, I’d like to say that we live in the world of modern technologies. We are surrounded by lots of sophisticated gadgets: smartphones, iPhones, notebooks, netbooks, laptops. They are very useful because they have practically unlimited functionality. But it is the connection to the Internet that makes them useful to the max.
Today the Internet is exceedingly popular and used very much, especially by teenagers. They do it for a number of reasons. Firsty, they create their profiles on different social nets such as vkontakte, odnoklassniki, facebook, instagram and others. Young people like communicating with each other, and the social nets give them this opportunity. Secondly, the Internet is a depot of innumerable information, so teenagers use the internet as a source of answers for various questions. So, the Internet helps students in their studies. Whether they need to make a report or prepare for a test, they launch a browser, type in the request and get lots of pages according to the request.
Besides, the Internet makes long-distance communication easier. There are special programs for communication of this kind. One of them is Skype, which is sure to be the most popular program. You can see and hear the person whom you are talking to.
Frankly speaking, the Internet is not as safe as you wish it were. Firstly, the spread of information is uncontrolled on the Internet, so teenagers often run into dangerous pages containing information about selling drugs or committing a suicide. I strongly believe that this information must be banned.
In conlcusion I’d like to say that if you follow the safety rules when using the Internet you are not endangered, and you can use the Internet to your advantage as much as possible.
7 Монолог “Holidays”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about holidays. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· what holidays are most popular in your country;
· what your favourite holiday is and how you celebrate it;
· if you prefer to give presents or to get presents, and why.
You have to talk continuously.
Задание
(
вариант
2)
You are going to give a talk about public holidays in Russia. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· what public holidays are celebrated in Russia;
· what your favourite public holiday is, and why you like it;
· how your favourite public holiday is celebrated in your city, town or village.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный
ответ
Well, now I’m going to talk about holidays.
To begin with, holidays play an important part in our life. Holidays give us an opportunity to rest and relax, they also improve our mood and make us happier.
Our country has a number of (public) holidays. The most popular are New Year, the 8th of March (the women’s day), Spring and Labour Day, Victory Day, Russia Day, and others. All these holidays are very important for every citizen of the Russian Federation.
My favorite (public) holiday is New Year because this is a special occasion. It is not only an opportunity to relax but also to think about how you lived the past year and make plans for the next one. In addition to it, New Year is a reunion for the whole family of ours, so we always look forward to it.
My family established its own way of celebrating New Year. In the evening we visit our best friends who live next door and have some time together. Then, at midnight, we come back home and have our celebratory meal. We usually watch TV shows, listen to music, fool around, and, of course, give each other presents.
As for me, I like both giving presents and getting them. Both actions are very enjoying. But honestly speaking, I like getting presents more because now I don’t have enough money for giving them.
Staying at home with your family is not the only way to celebrate New Year. You can visit city celebrations which include fairs, contests, concerts, and fireworks. The culmination of the New Year celebration in our city is setting up fireworks. It is just awesome!
In conclusion, I’d like to emphasise the fact that every holiday is a great time, and I wish there were as many holidays as possible.
8 Монолог “Travelling”
Задание
Remember to say:
· why most people like travelling;
· which season is the best for travelling in your opinion;
· what means of transport is the best, and why.
You have to talk continuously.
Задание
(
вариант
2)
You are going to give a talk about travelling. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· why most people enjoy travelling;
· what people like doing while travelling;
· what place you would like to go to, and why.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный
ответ
Nowadays, people have a great variety to rest and relax: going to the cinema, playing sports, and so on. But the most popular option remains travelling.
People like travelling for a number of reasons. Firstly, travelling is a good way to focus away from work and study and, so to say, to recharge batteries. I mean people can replenish their inner supplies of energy and refresh emotions. Secondly, travelling is a good way to broaden the mind and gain knowledge. If you go to a foreign country, you can learn its customs and traditions, see the sights, make friends with local citizens.
While travelling, people like to do different things. It depends upon the place and purpose of your visit. If you travel to a resort town, you usually swim in the sea and bake in the sun. If you travel on business, you’re supposed to establish contacts, carry on talks, making contracts, and so on. If you travel for educational reasons, you attend lessons, go on excursions, gain knowledge and develop your skills.
In my opinion, summer is the best season for travelling. Most adults are on leave in this period and children have holidays, that’s why summer is the optimal time when you can start on a journey.
As to means of transport, each one has its pluses and minuses. If you travel by train, you can admire beautiful landscapes and you feel safe. But it takes more time to get to the destination. Travelling by plane saves time but deprives you the chance to enjoy the nature outside, and what is more, fills you with misgivings about the flight.
As to me, I have already travelled to many places, but my dream is to visit Tokyo. This is the place I would like to go to because it is one of the world leaders in business, culture, science and technology. Besides, I plan to learn Japanese in the future, so, visiting Japan can help me to do that.
In conclusion, I’d like to emphasize the fact that travelling plays an important part in our life and everybody should travel as much as possible.
9 Монолог “Career plans”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about your career plans. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· what job you want to do in the future;
· what two subjects you think are the most important for your future job, and why;
· whether your family approve of your career choice or not.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный
ответ
All people have to work in order to make a living. It is very important that a person has a job according to his or her abilities and wishes.
As for me, I’d like to be an interpreter in the future. I like foreign languages very much, and, frankly speaking, I’m very good at them. Nowadays, I do my best to learn English and Spanish because they are the languages that are widely spoken and popular with lots of people.
I think that English and Geography are the most important subjects for my future job. They are two subjects that help me learn much about other countries, their customs and traditions. English and Geography also help me understand native people of other countries, respect their culture and communicate with them in the most effective way.
All the members of my family approve my career choice because they strongly believe that interpreting is an exciting and well-paid job. Frankly speaking, my family just want me to be happy and they support any decision of mine.
In conclusion, I’d like to emphasize the fact that every teenager shouldn’t procrastinate in deciding about his or her job because a successful career requires much time and efforts.
10 Монолог “Books”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about books. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· whether reading is still popular with teenagers, and why, or why not;
· what kind of books you like reading;
· why many people prefer e-books to paper books.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный
ответ
Well, I am going to give a talk about books.
To begin with, I’d like to say that there are a lot of ways to spend free time: doing sports, watching TV, going to the cinema, playing games, and so on. And, of course, you can just read a book.
Frankly speaking, reading books is losing its popularity with teenagers making way for more exciting activities, such as watching blockbasters in 3-D, playing computer games, social networking, arranging parties. If a teenager has to choose between reading a book and playing a brand new computer game, he or she will definitly show preference for the game. Modern games excel books in all aspects. Firstly, modern games make a tremendous visual impact. The game world looks extremely realistic. Secondly, when playing a game, you are not an outsider. You are an active insider participating in everything that happens in the game world.
As for me, I have to confess that I am not only a gamer, but also a regular reader. Yes, I like reading very much! Science fiction is my favourite kind of literature because it gives a different view of our reality. It doesn’t present our world as it is but as it could be. I think that science fiction is much deeper than, say, detective stories. The problems science fiction deals with are more global and serious.
If you take a more closer look at reading people, you will notice than they usualy read e-books. There is a number of reasons why many people prefer e-books to paper books. The main reason is that you can download unlimited e-books for free from the Internet. In addition to it, e-books are much comfortable to read. There is a variety of devices that can open e-books: computers, tablets, smartphones.
In conclusion, I’d like to say that modern world is full of exciting things like sports, TV, parties and so on. Nevertheless, books shouldn’t be forgotten.
11 Монолог “School homework”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about your school homework. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· how long it takes you to do your homework;
· what subject you usually start with, and why;
· whether schoolchildren should be given more or less homework, and why.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный ответ
Well, I am going to give a talk about my school homework.
To begin with, I’d like to say that school homework is an essential part of school education. Almost everyone who goes to school is given hometasks.
As for me, duration of doing my homework depends on many factors. For example, our teachers of Literature and History are in the habit of giving a lot of homework, which involves reading many pages of textbooks, writing synopses, making presentations, and so on. If you are not ready with all this stuff, you get a bad mark. As I don’t want to get bad marks, I have to spend long hours to prepare for the lessons. It may take me 3 or even 4 hours to finish the school homework. But to tell the truth, there are teachers who spare pupils’ time and don’t give much work. They organize their lessons so that there is little left for home.
As to sequence of subjects, I usually start with Literature because this is the most voluminous subject including many works of fiction, critique, philosophy, and the like. I prefer to get rid of the most boring subject in the first place and then start doing something that is more interesting.
I strongly believe that schoolchildren should be given less homework. I don’t understand teachers who give their pupils too much homework and are sure that they do them good. Teachers should know that our brain can effectively process a limited amount of information. The rest of information vanishes into thin air. If you keep trying to remember everything you are given by teachers, you will most likely go crazy.
In conclusion, I’d like to appeal to teachers and make them remember their own school life. Teachers schould never forget that they were pupils in the past and, like today’s young people, had difficulties with the homework.
12 Монолог “TV”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about TV. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· whether watching TV is still a popular pastime with teenagers, and why, or why not;
· how many hours a week you watch TV;
· what you dislike most about TV.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный
ответ
Well, I am going to give a talk about TV.
To begin with, I’d like to say that TV is one of the greatest enventions of all times. It is impossible to imagine days when people lived without TV.
In my opinion, watching TV is losing its popularity with teenagers. The reason is that teenagers prefer the Internet to TV. Not long ago, TV used to be the main source of information and entertainment. It is no longer the case. Now, if you want to know what is happening in the world, you launch a browser, do some clicks and get innumerable quantity of information. If you want to watch something entertaining, you don’t need TV. There are lots of youtube channels providing clips, shows, interviews with celebrities, and the like. You can start watching a video, pause it for any time and then start again. You can’t do the same trick with television.
As for me, I don’t watch TV very often. I usually do it when new episodes of my favourite serials appear. So, I watch TV approximately 3 of 4 hours a week. Sometimes it happens that there are no new episodes of my favourite serials, so I spend no time at all.
There are a lot of things I dislike about TV. But endless blocks of commercials drive me really crazy! It goes without saying that advertising gives money for producing new content, but there should be some limits to advertising.
In conclusion, I’d like to acknowledge great importance of television, but at the same time, I’d like to state the fact that TV gradually abandons its absolute position making way for the Internet.
13 Монолог “Free time”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about your free time. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· whether you have a lot of free time, and why, or why not;
· what you enjoy doing in your free time;
· what your Sunday afternoons are like.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный
ответ
Well, I am going to give a talk about my free time.
To begin with, I’d like to say that people have to work more and more in the modern world to make a career, earn a living, and become successful. This also holds true for teenagers, because they have to study a lot. So, both adults and teenagers don’t have much free time.
As for me, I don’t have much free time either, because I am faced with a number of important exams this year. As I don’t want to fail them, I make every effort to learn the necessary material. I read a lot of textbooks and additional articles, do innumerable exercises, attend preparation courses, and so on.
In spite of the fact that I have to work a lot, I try to find some time for recreation and fun. Frankly speaking, I enjoy doing many things in my free time. I like to take walks, come to see my friends, watch TV, surf the Internet, and so on. My favourite pastime is going to a swimming pool. I am keen on having a healthy lifestyle, and swimming helps me to keep fit.
As to my Sunday afternoons, I should confess that they are just for doing nothing active. I usually take my tablet, sink into the sofa, and watch videos on youtube or communicate in social nets. Sunday afternoons are the period when I don’t overload myself with activities, because I need to collect my strength for Monday, which is my busiest weekday.
In conclusion, I’d like to say that it is very important to not only have free time but also give it to your hobbies and interests.
14 Монолог “Weather and seasons”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about weather and seasons. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· which of the four seasons you like most, and why;
· how the Earth’s climate has changed recently;
· whether you trust the weather forecast, and why.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный
ответ
Well, I am going to give a talk about weather and seasons.
To begin with, I’d like to say that there are four seasons in a year: winter, spring, summer, and autumn.
As for me, I like summer most of all, because this is the period when we have vacations. And vacations mean freedom. Absolutely! We have no need to get up early and be in a hurry to leave for school. It is not necessary to spend long hours doing school homework. The only thing we have to do in summer is relaxing to the max. In addition to it, the weather is awesome in summer! As a rule, it is warm and sunny.
By the way, the Earth’s climate has changed recently. If you take a closer look at what’s happening in the world, you see natural phenomena that never took place before. Melting arctic ice is one of numerous examples. It gradually fills the ocean with huge amounts of additional water that makes the water level higher and causes ecological disasters. In addition to it, mass media often give information about disastrous hurricanes and severe droughts that occur in unexpected time and place.
As to the weather forecast, I don’t trust it if it is given for the longer period of time. I don’t believe that man can predict what is going to be in a week or fortnight. Nevertheless, I think that the weather forecast for one or two days is most likely to be correct, and you should trust it.
In conclusion, I’d like to say that weather is an interesting subject, which is worth studying and paying attention to.
15 Монолог “Photography”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about photography. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· why people like taking pictures
· why taking photos is more popular today than it was in the past
· what the best photo you have ever taken is
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный
ответ
Well, I am going to give a talk about photography.
To begin with, I’d like to say that people have always wanted beautiful moments of life to last forever. Photography helps them to make it happen.
People like taking pictures for a number of reasons. As I have just mentioned, people want to save beautiful moments of life forever. For example, while visiting an exotic country, you see lots of things that don’t exist in your own area. You never see a coconut tree in Siberia and heaps of snow somewhere in the south. Why not to take a picture? In addition to it, people take pictures not only for fun but also for fixing details of an occurrence. It is often the case when pictures help to investigate a crime.
It is really a fact that taking photos is more popular today than it was in the past. The main reason is that taking photos has become much easier today. You just take a smartphone, do a click and that’s it. It has also become easier to share photos with friends. You can upload it
on your profile in a social net and let everyone see it.
As for me, I like taking photos very much. Frankly speaking, I have many good photos, but the best one was taken last year in the Altai Mountains. My friends and I effected an ascent of a mountain and took a picture on the very top of it. The picture is just awesome! When I look at it, I admire wonderful nature and remember my friends.
In conclusion, I’d like to say that taking pictures is a never-ending hobby, which will carry away more and more people.
«Составление монологического высказывания на лингвистическую тему.»
Урок русского языка в 7 классе.
Цель урока: Обучение составлению монологического высказывания на лингвистическую тему.
Обучающая: Обобщить материал предыдущих уроков по теме «Глагол»; Углубить знания по построению монологического ответа, аргументированного текстом.
Развивающая: Развивать у учащихся умение творчески мыслить, пользоваться словарями. Развивать навыки выразительного чтения. Повысить навыки самостоятельности и творческой активности учащихся.
Воспитательная: Воспитывать общую культуру; совершенствовать навыки общения. Приобщать к культуре речи.
Тип урока: Комбинированный.
Оборудование: Ожегов С.И. Толковый словарь русского языка.- М.: Русский язык 1981; Малыхина Е. В. Учебник русского языка 7 класс.- К.: Генеза, 2007; Учебник русского языка 7 класс под ред. Малыхиной Е. В., плакат «Щечки в чернилах», аудиозапись с монологическим высказыванием по теме «Глагол», памятки, раздаточный материал к уроку. (См. Приложения)
Оформление доски: «Глагол – самая живая часть речи. Назначение глагола – выражать само действие». (А. Югов).
«Вся выразительность прозы – в глаголе, ибо глагол – это действенность характера». (Ю. Бондарев).
ЭПИГРАФ К УРОКУ
Когда суть дела обдумана заранее,
Слова приходят сами собой.
Гораций
Ход урока.
Организационный момент.
Вступительное слово учителя
Добрый день, ребята! Начнем урок русского языка – урок общения. Улыбнитесь друг другу, подарите и мне свои улыбки! Спасибо! Улыбка всегда располагает к общению и дает положительный настрой.
А теперь прикройте глаза и мысленно проговорите: «Я внимателен, я хорошо думаю, я сосредоточен, догадлив, сообразителен и уверен в себе».
Теперь у вас все получится.
РЕЧЕВАЯ РАЗМИНКА.
На доске написана скороговорка: Ученик учил уроки, у него в чернилах щёки
Прочитайте скороговорку хором, но вполголоса. Молодцы! А теперь прочитайте немного по-другому и с разной интонацией.
Осторожно. Какой усердный ученик!
С осуждением. Какой неаккуратный ученик!
С удивлением. Почему щеки в чернилах?
Спасибо. Мы немного поиграли, а теперь поговорим серьёзно о глаголе.
Глагол – необыкновенная часть речи. Необыкновенна она уже тем, что обозначает действие, и поэтому глагол обладает огромным потенциалом для выражения бесчисленных действий сопровождающих человека и многообразные аспекты его деятельности, а также различные явления природы. По частоте употребления в речи глагол занимает второе место после существительного.
Кроме содержательной насыщенности глагола он обладает еще и высокой эстетической ценностью, на что обращали внимание многие писатели. На доске записаны два наиболее ярких высказывания писателей о глаголе. Прочитайте их.
II . Сообщение темы и целей урока, запись темы в тетради, работа над содержанием эпиграфа.
Ребята, запишите в тетради слова Горация, вынесенные в качестве эпиграфа к нашему уроку. Как вы их понимаете? Почему происходит такое явление?
III . Введение в тему урока. Объяснение учебного материала.
1. О глаголе, как о части речи, вы знаете почти всё. Но сможете ли вы предъявить эти знания в течение 1 – 2 минут? (Столько времени мы отводим на монологическое высказывание на лингвистическую тему: «Глагол как часть речи»).
Знаете ли вы, что такое «монолог», «лингвистика»?
РАБОТА СО СЛОВАРЕМ.
На некоторых этапах урока будем работать в группах. (Каждой группе выдаются опережающие карточки-задания для составления плана устного высказывания по теме «Глагол»). (См. Приложение 2).
2. Каждый день нам приходится много говорить и писать в различных ситуациях. Если мы владеем речевой культурой, то особых затруднений это не вызывает. Но если мы не в ладах с правильной речью или не научились употреблять языковые средства в соответствии с целями и условиями общения, то конфуза нам не избежать.
Внимательно прослушайте диалоги. Какие нарушения речевой культу ры (а с ней и культуры поведения) вы заметили? Обоснуйте свой ответ.
Диалог 1.
- Саша, привет!
-Что вы там сегодня изучали по русскому?
-Глагол.
-И что?
-Что «что»?
-Ну, что такое глагол?
-Это такие слова, которые обозначают действия.
-Угу, понятно. А что училка задала?
-Упражнение 125.
-Ну, спасибочки, пока!
Диалог 2.
- Ленка, приветик! Я сегодня не была в школе. Что изучали по русскому?
- Глагол.
- А ты можешь мне по–быстрячку обьяснить - что это такое, чтоб я «вьехала»?
- Слушай. Глагол - это часть речи, которая отвечает на вопрос «Что делать?» или «Что сделать?». Ну там «писать, читать».
- Да-да, понятненько.
- Ну, короче говоря, они обозначают все действия.
- А, ясно, спасибо!
Что можно сказать о речевой компетенции ребят?
Компетентен ли ученик, составивший диалог?
Каков словарный запас этих ребят?
Что значит «речевая компетенция» и «компетентный»? Где мы можем найти значение этих слов? (В словаре.) Найдите, прочитайте, запишите.(Работа с толковым словарем Ожегова С. И.)
Так что можно сказать о речевой компетенции ребят? А ученика?
3. Чтобы составить монологическое высказывание на лингвистическую тему, нам надо провести исследовательскую работу по отрывкам произведений А.С. Пушкина с целью повторения темы «Глагол».
Материал для работы: отрывки из произведений А.С.Пушкина, учебник, см. приложения № 1,2 к уроку.
РАБОТА В ГРУППАХ. Задание для работы см. в Приложениях №№ 1,2.
Мы повторили основные сведения о глаголе, как части речи, но это были отдельные высказывания. А теперь послушайте как должно звучать монологическое высказывание.
ЗВУЧИТ АУДИОЗАПИСЬ.
4. САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА УЧАЩИХСЯ.
Составьте самостоятельное монологическое высказывание, пользуясь памяткой и критериями оценивания. (См. Приложение 3.)
VI . Подведение итогов урока.
Что нового вы узнали на уроке?
Что запомнилось и заинтересовало на уроке больше всего?
Закончите предложение: «Сегодня на уроке я …».
Спасибо. Итак, не забывайте слова Горация (Эпиграф).
Домашнее задание.
Составить сложный план к монологическому высказыванию по теме «Глагол».
Подготовить монологическое высказывание по теме «Лексика».
Написать в газету заметку о нашем открытом уроке (газеты «Успех» или « Зеленая лампа»).
Я надеялась, что этот урок поможет вам относиться к словам с большим уважением, аккуратностью и требовательностью к самим себе.
Закончить урок я хочу стихотворением А. Наумова:
Учите русский – горы кряду,
С душой, с усердьем и с умом!
Вас ждет великая награда,
И та награда - в нем самом.
* * * * *
Приложение 1. Отрывки из произведений А. С. Пушкина.
1. Мороз и солнце; день чудесный!
Еще ты дремлешь, друг прелестный –
Пора, красавица, проснись:
Открой сомкнуты негой взоры,
Навстречу северной Авроры
Звездою севера явись!
Вечор, ты помнишь, вьюга злилась,
На мутном небе мгла носилась;
Луна, как бледное пятно,
Сквозь тучи мрачные желтела,
И ты печальная сидела-
А нынче … погляди в окно:
А. С. Пушкин «Зимнее утро».
2. Буря мглою небо кроет,
Вихри снежные крутя.
То, как зверь завоет,
То заплачет как дитя,
То по кровле обветшалой
Вдруг соломой зашуршит,
То, как путник запоздалый,
К нам в окошко застучит.
А. С. Пушкин «Зимний вечер».
3. Полки ряды свои сомкнули,
В кустах рассыпались стрелки.
Катятся ядра, свищут пули;
Нависли хладные штыки.
Сыны любимые победы,
Сквозь огнь окопов рвутся шведы;
Волнуясь, конница летит;
Пехота движется за нею…»
А. С. Пушкин «Полтава».
Приложение 2. Работа в группах.
1-ая группа
Прочитайте все 3 отрывка.
Найдите в них возвратные глаголы. Как определяется категория возвратности?
2-ая группа
Прочитайте 1-ый отрывок.
Выпишите глаголы. Определите постоянные признаки глагола (вид, переходность, спряжение) по первому отрывку. Сделайте вывод. Какие признаки глагола являются постоянными?
3-я группа
Прочитайте 2-ой отрывок.
Определите непостоянные признаки глагола (время, число, лицо, род) по второму отрывку. Сделайте вывод. Какие признаки глагола являются непостоянными?
4-ая группа
Прочитайте 3-ий отрывок.
Спишите отрывок. Найдите глаголы. Определите их синтаксическую роль.
Приложение 3. Памятка.
КАК СОСТАВИТЬ МОНОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ ВЫСКАЗЫВАНИЕ НА ЛИНГВИСТИЧЕСКУЮ ТЕМУ
1. Вступление. Придумайте начальную фразу, формулирующую тему вашего
высказывания, используйте цитаты.
2. Продумайте размещение отдельных частей высказывания (составьте простой план).
3. Сохраняйте стилевое единство, используйте языковые средства характеристики для научно-учебного стиля речи.
4. Приведите примеры.
5. Сделайте вывод.
Критерии оценивания монологического высказывания
1. Соответствие теме и полнота раскрытия (3).
2. Правильность речи, соответствие нормам (синтаксическим, лексическим, орфоэпическим, грамматическим) (3).
3. Логичность (2).
4. Эрудиция (2).
5. Выразительность (2).
Использованная литература .
Ожегов С.И. Толковый словарь русского языка.- М.: Русский язык 1981.
Малыхина Е. В. Учебник русского языка 7 класс.- К. : Генеза, 2007
Пушкин А. С. Сочинения. В 3-х т. Т 1.- М. : Худож. лит., 1985
Розенталь Д.Э. и др. Русский язык для школьников 5-9 классов: Путешествие в страну слов: Учебное пособие.- М.: Дрофа,1995.
Водолазькая С.В. Предметная неделя русского языка в школе. – Ростов-на-Дону.:Феникс, 2007.
Русский язык: Практика: Сб.задач и упражнений: Учеб.пособие для 6 – 7 кл.; Науч. ред. В.В. Бабайцева. – М.: Просвещение, 2002.
Nbsp; Вариант 1 Внимание! Для выполнения заданий 1 и 2 используется один и тот же текст
Задание 1. Чтение текста.
Выразительно прочитайте текст о Николае Михайловиче Пржевальском вслух.
Николай Михайлович Пржевальский - один из самых великих путешественников в истории человечества. Ему при жизни вручили специально выбитую золотую медаль с его барельефом и надписью: "Первому исследователю Центральной Азии".
Пржевальский называл свои грандиозные экспедиции "научными рекогносцировками, то есть разведкой, но их результаты грандиозны. Трудно поверить, что один человек с немногими помощниками мог столько совершить всего за два десятилетия. Он прошел более 33 тысяч километров, в 63 пунктах определил географические координаты, положил на карту 20 тысяч километров пути. Исследования охватили территорию в 6 миллионов квадратных километров. Из Центральной Азии Пржевальский привёз гербарий из 16 тысяч экземпляров растений, среди которых оказалось более двухсот видов, ещё неизвестных науке. Им открыты 30 новых видов птиц, новые виды млекопитающих: дикий верблюд, дикая лошадь, дикий як, разновидность горных баранов.
Его зоологическое собрание состояло из семи с половиной тысяч чучел разных животных, птиц, земноводных, а коллекция насекомых содержала десять совершенно новых для науки родов.
(В. Маркин)
Задание 2. Пересказ текста.
Перескажите прочитанный Вами текст, включив в пересказ слова А. П. Чехова, известного русского писателя, о Н. М. Пржевальском:
«Один Пржевальский … стоит десятка учебных заведений и сотни хороших книг. Упорное, непобедимое стремление к раз намеченной цели. Богатство знаний и трудолюбие, фанатическая вера в науку делает его в глазах народа подвижником… Недаром Пржевальского… знает каждый школьник…»
Подумайте, где лучше использовать слова А. П. Чехова в пересказе. Вы можете использовать любые способы цитирования.
Тема 1. Увлечение (на основе описания фотографии)
Тема 2. Путешествие, которое запомнилось мне больше всего (повествование на основе жизненного опыта)
Тема 3. Нужно ли бережно относиться к родному языку? (рассуждение по поставленному вопросу)
У Вас есть 1 минута на подготовку.
Не забудьте рассказать
× какими могут быть увлечения в зависимости от их тематической направленности;
× что дает человеку его увлечение;
× в чем преимущество интеллектуальных увлечений;
× опишите героя этого фотоснимка и его настроение.
Задание 4. Диалог.
Вариант 2
Задание 1. Чтение текста.
Выразительно прочитайте текст о Фердинанде Петровиче Врангеле вслух.
У Вас есть 2 минуты на подготовку.
Многие думают, что остров Врангеля назван именем его первооткрывателя. Но барон Фердинанд Врангель, известный русский мореплаватель и полярный исследователь, не открывал остров своего имени. Наоборот, три года его упорных попыток пройти по морскому льду до земли, о которой рассказывали чукчи, не увенчались успехов. И все же американский китобой Томас Лонг, наткнувшийся на остров в 1867 году, назвал его правильно: никто так тщательно не изучил этот район, как Врангель.
Предок Фердинанда Врангеля прибыл в Россию из Дании в XIII и поселился в эстонской местности Варанга, от названия которой и произошла фамилия. Дед его служил при дворе Петра III и за отказ присягнуть Екатерине II был лишен всего состояния. Родители Врангеля, хотя и остались баронами, но обедневшими, вскоре умерли. Один путь был у сироты – в Морской кадетский корпус.
Узнав о готовившемся кругосветном плавании на судне «Камчатка», мичман Врангель сбежал со своего фрегата, проник к командиру плавания Василию Головину и уговорил его взять с собой. Потом он напишет: «Я пришел к убеждению, что отечество, кров и покой душевный составляет для меня океан».
(В Маркин)
Задание 2. Пересказ текста.
Перескажите прочитанный Вами текст, включив в пересказ слова Б. Г. Островского о Ф. П. Врангеле:
«О настроениях Врангеля хорошо свидетельствует разговор, произошедший во дворце. По возвращении из экспедиции Врангель был представлен царю Александру I. Последний. Подробно расспросив об экспедиции и о тех опасностях. Которым подвергались участники экспедиции, задал Врангелю вопрос: «А бывают ли и там красные дни?» Врангель ответил с большим воодушевлением: «Я, ваше величество, провёл там, может быть, самые красные дни моей жизни».
Подумайте, где лучше использовать слова Б. Г Островского в пересказе. Вы можете использовать любые способы цитирования.
У Вас есть 1 минута на подготовку.
Задание 3. Монологическое высказывание.
Выберите одну из предложенных тем беседы.
Тема 1. Театр (на основе описания фотографии)
Тема 2. Мои каникулы, которые запомнились мне больше всего (повествование на основе жизненного опыта)
Тема 3. Нужно ли заниматься самообразованием? (рассуждение по поставленному вопросу)
У Вас есть 1 минута на подготовку.
Ваше высказывание должно занимать не более 3 минут.
Карточки участника собеседования
Задание 4. Диалог.
Во время беседа Вам будут заданы вопросы по выбранной Вами теме беседы. Пожалуйста, дайте полные ответы на вопросы, заданные собеседником-экзаменатором.
Вариант 3
Задание 1. Чтение текста.
Выразительно прочитайте текст о рукопожатии вслух.
У Вас есть 2 минуты на подготовку.
Все вежливые люди при встрече и при прощании подают друг другу руку или, приветствуя друг друга, приподнимают головной убор, и это тоже означает: здравствуйте.
Рукопожатие – очень древний обычай. Оно появилось как символ договора о дружбе и мире. Но так здороваются далеко не везде!
Великий русский путешественник Н. М. Пржевальский рассказывал о необычном приветствии у тибетцев. Там при встрече и прощании младшего со старшим первый наклоняет голову и при этом высовывает язык. Даже сейчас тибетские ламы, здороваясь, протягивают руки ладонями к гостю и также высовывают кончик языка, выказывая этим особую почтительность.
Некоторые племена Индии при встрече прижимают рот и нос к щеке гостя и производят сильный вдох.
У коренного населения Новой Зеландии до сих пор сохранился такой обычай: друзья соприкасаются носами. Так же здоровается ряд других народов.
В западной Африке здороваются ударами ладони по груди, а в Центральной Африке – вежливым поклоном и хлопаньем в ладоши, спрашивают друг друга о здоровье и благополучии.
Приветствия всех народов достойны уважения: они выражают хорошие чувства людей.
(По материалам Интернета)
(162 слова)
Задание 2. Пересказ текста.
Перескажите прочитанный Вами текст, включив в пересказ слова Ги де Мопассана, французского писателя, о рукопожатии:
«Ни с чем нельзя сравнить радость первого рукопожатия, когда одна рука спрашивает: «Вы меня любите?» - а другая отвечает: «Да, я люблю тебя».
Подумайте, где лучше использовать слова Ги де Мопассана в пересказе. Вы можете использовать любые способы цитирования.
Задание
You are going to give a talk about keeping fit. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes. Remember to say:
· why a healthy lifestyle is more popular nowadays;
· what you do to keep fit;
· what sports activities are popular with teenagers in your region.
Примерный ответ
Well, now I’m going to give a talk about keeping fit and healthy lifestyle.
Healthy lifestyle is becoming more and more popular nowadays. There is a number of reasons for that but the most important reason is that people live under the press of different problems, such as social, ecological, economic and others. A person should be strong and healthy in order to overcome all difficulties. Healthy lifestyle helps people do that.
As for me, I try to keep fit in different ways. First of all, I do my morning exercises every day. In addition to it, I go to the swimming pool once or sometimes twice a week. Also, I stay away from bad habits, because I’m convinced that cigarettes, alcohol and drugs destroy both body and brain.
Well, as to other teenagers of my region, I should say that they are interested in different sports activities. They often play football and other active games on sports grounds, go to gyms and swimming pools. Besides, more and more young men become interested in martial arts, such as karate, boxing, kickboxing, judo and so on.
In conclusion, I’d like to emphasise the fact that healthy lifestyle is a “must” for modern people.
Монолог “My school”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about your school. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes. Remember to say:
· what you like most about your school;
· what weekday you find the most difficult, and why;
· what you would like to change in your school life.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный ответ
I like my school very much, but it is my classmates that I like best of all. We are all good friends and get on well with each other. We spend much time together doing sports, playing active games and so on.
As for weekdays, I find Monday the most difficult one because we have six lessons on this day, including Mathematics and Physics. Frankly speaking, I’m not good at these subjects, and I don’t enjoy these lessons.
In my opinion, much can be changed and improved in my school. For example, PE lessons. I’d like them to be more diverse. As a rule, we play volleyball and basketball at the lessons, or simply run on the stadium. It would be better if we had a chance to work out with weights and play games that are more interesting .
Задание
(вариант 2)
You are going to give a talk about your school. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· what your typical school day is like;
· what your favourite subject is, and why;
· what you like most about your school.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный ответ
Well, now I’m going to give a talk about my school.
To begin with, I’d like to say that my shool is one of the biggest schools in my city, where more than one thousand pupils get their education.
As far as my typical school day concerned, I should say it is very busy. It usually starts at 8 o’clock in the morning and comes to an end at 2 or 3 o’clock in the afternoon. Every day we have 6 and sometimes 7 lessons. We also have breaks, but they are not very long.
As I have just mentioned, my typical school day involves a number of lessons. Russian, Literature, and Mathematics are the most frequent ones. As a rule, we do a lot of work at these lessons: learn rules, do exercises and tests, write essays, make reports, and so on.
My favourite subject is English. I have been learning it since the 2nd form and I hope to relate my life to it. Chances are good that I will be an interpreter. If not, I can always go to school and be an English teacher.
I like a lot in my school but it is my classmates that I like most. We are all good friends and get on well with each other. We spend much time together doing sports, playing active games, going to the cinema.
In conclusion, I’d like to emphasise the fact that school education is very important for teenagers and should help them build character and develop mind.
Монолог “The place where I live”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about the place where you live. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· what your city, town or village is famous for;
· what your favourite place in your city, town or village is, and why you like it;
· whether you are going to stay in your city, town or village after leaving school or move to another place, and why.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный ответ
(на примере г. Кемерово)
Well, I am going to give a talk about my city.
To begin with, I’d like to say that the name of my city is Kemerovo. This is the capital of Kuzbass, the main coal region of Siberia.
In the first place, Kemerovo is famous for its coal producers and chemical industry. Coal mined here is consumed in this country and exported abroad. In addition to coal, different chemicals are produced here. The products of a gigantic plant Azot are in great demand all over the country.
As to me, I like my city very much, because it has lots of beautiful places where you can rest and relax. The embankment of the river Tom is my favourite place in Kemerovo. Here you can sit quietly on the banks and admire wonderful nature. The embankment is also a good place where you can walk alone or with your friends.
Frankly speaking, I haven’t yet decided what to do after leaving school. It depends on many factors. More likely than not, I will stay in my city, because I have all the opportunities to get good education here. I just have no reason of moving to another region. But as the saying is, time will tell.
In conclusion, I’d like to invite everyone to visit Kemerovo and enjoy this city.
Монолог “Foreign languages”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about foreign languages. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· why lots of people learn foreign languages nowadays;
· why you have chosen to do the English exam this year;
· what you did to prepare for your English exam.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный ответ
To begin with, I’d like to say that more and more people learn foreign languages nowadays. They do it for a number of reasons. In the first place, people want to understand citizens of other countries and to be understood by them. In addition to it, travelling has become easier, and the Russians have a variety of opportunities for going abroad. If you are fluent in a foreign language, you feel more confident.
It goes without saying that English is established as the most important and popular language. As for me, I have been learning English for 5 years. And this year I have chosen to do the English exam. I regard this exam as a chance to test my language skills. I have always wanted to know my real speaking skills and find out my strengths and weaknesses.
I did much work to prepare for my English exam. First of all, I revised grammar. I learned a lot of rules and consolidated them in doing exercises. In addition to it, I read texts of various genres to enlarge my vocabulary. I also listened to a number of radio programmes and podcasts to make my listening better. And I also made efforts to improve my speaking. I used every chance to speak English at the lessons and at home.
In conclusion, I’d like to emphasize the fact that English is in great demand these days, so I recommend everybody to start learning it as soon as possible and commit to it.
Монолог “Pets”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about pets. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· why people keep pets;
· what pets are most popular in big cities;
· whether having pets is a big responsibility, and why.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный ответ
Well, I am going to give a talk about pets.
To begin with, I’d like to say that nowadays more and more people keep pets in their houses: cats, dogs, parrots, hamsters, guinea pigs, and so on. They do it for a number of reasons. In the first place, people seek to make friends, and pets are a kind of friends they can make fast and easily. Besides, pets give positive emotions, that’s why people like to keep them. If you are under stress, you can just stroke your cat and feel somewhat relieved.
As to the most popular pets in big cities, I should say it depends. If you live in a big city, a cat or a small dog would be the best option. Firstly, they don’t need extensive space to live on. Secondly, you don’t have to spend a lot of money on buying pet food. If you live in the country, you can choose whatever you want. There is always plenty of room and food for any pet here.
Anyway, having pets is a big responsibility. Pets are animate objects, and if you don’t take good care of them, they may fall sick and even die.
In conclusion, I’d like to emphasise the fact that pets play an important part in our life and we should be aware of both pluses and minuses of keeping them.
Монолог “The Internet”
Задание
Remember to say:
· why today’s teenagers use the Internet so much;
· how the Internet makes long-distance communication easier;
· what dangers teenagers can face when they use the Internet.
You have to talk continuously.
Задание
(вариант 2)
You are going to give a talk about the Internet. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· why using the Internet is so popular;
· how the Internet can help students in their studies;
· whether the Internet can be dangerous, and why.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный ответ
To begin with, I’d like to say that we live in the world of modern technologies. We are surrounded by lots of sophisticated gadgets: smartphones, iPhones, notebooks, netbooks, laptops. They are very useful because they have practically unlimited functionality. But it is the connection to the Internet that makes them useful to the max.
Today the Internet is exceedingly popular and used very much, especially by teenagers. They do it for a number of reasons. Firsty, they create their profiles on different social nets such as vkontakte, odnoklassniki, facebook, instagram and others. Young people like communicating with each other, and the social nets give them this opportunity. Secondly, the Internet is a depot of innumerable information, so teenagers use the internet as a source of answers for various questions. So, the Internet helps students in their studies. Whether they need to make a report or prepare for a test, they launch a browser, type in the request and get lots of pages according to the request.
Besides, the Internet makes long-distance communication easier. There are special programs for communcation of this kind. One of them is Skype, which is sure to be the most popular programm. You can see and hear the person whom you are talking to.
Frankly speaking, the Internet is not as safe as you wish it were. Firstly, the spread of information is uncontrolled on the Internet, so teenagers often run into dangerous pages containing information about selling drugs or committing a suicide. I strongly believe that this information must be banned.
In conlcusion I’d like to say that if you follow the safety rules when using the Internet you are not endangered, and you can use the Internet to your advantage as much as possible.
Монолог “Holidays”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about holidays. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· what holidays are most popular in your country;
· what your favourite holiday is and how you celebrate it;
· if you prefer to give presents or to get presents, and why.
You have to talk continuously.
Задание
(вариант 2)
You are going to give a talk about public holidays in Russia. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· what public holidays are celebrated in Russia;
· what your favourite public holiday is, and why you like it;
· how your favourite public holiday is celebrated in your city, town or village.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный ответ
Well, now I’m going to talk about holidays.
To begin with, holidays play an important part in our life. Holidays give us an opportunity to rest and relax, they also improve our mood and make us happier.
Our country has a number of (public) holidays. The most popular are New Year, the 8th of March (the women’s day), Spring and Labour Day, Victory Day, Russia Day, and others. All these holidays are very important for every citizen of the Russian Federation.
My favorite (public) holiday is New Year because this is a special occasion. It is not only an opportunity to relax but also to think about how you lived the past year and make plans for the next one. In addition to it, New Year is a reunion for the whole family of ours, so we always look forward to it.
My family established its own way of celebrating New Year. In the evening we visit our best friends who live next door and have some time together. Then, at midnight, we come back home and have our celebratory meal. We usually watch TV shows, listen to music, fool around, and, of course, give each other presents.
As for me, I like both giving presents and getting them. Both actions are very enjoying. But honestly speaking, I like getting presents more because now I don’t have enough money for giving them.
Staying at home with your family is not the only way to celebrate New Year. You can visit city celebrations which include fairs, contests, concerts, and fireworks. The culmination of the New Year celebration in our city is setting up fireworks. It is just awesome!
In conclusion, I’d like to emphasise the fact that every holiday is a great time, and I wish there were as many holidays as possible.
Монолог “Travelling”
Задание
Remember to say:
· why most people like travelling;
· which season is the best for travelling in your opinion;
· what means of transport is the best, and why.
You have to talk continuously.
Задание
(вариант 2)
You are going to give a talk about travelling. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· why most people enjoy travelling;
· what people like doing while travelling;
· what place you would like to go to, and why.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный ответ
Nowadays, people have a great variety to rest and relax: going to the cinema, playing sports, and so on. But the most popular option remains travelling.
People like travelling for a number of reasons. Firstly, travelling is a good way to focus away from work and study and, so to say, to recharge batteries. I mean people can replenish their inner supplies of energy and refresh emotions. Secondly, travelling is a good way to broaden the mind and gain knowledge. If you go to a foreign country, you can learn its customs and traditions, see the sights, make friends with local citizens.
While travelling, people like to do different things. It depends upon the place and purpose of your visit. If you travel to a resort town, you usually swim in the sea and bake in the sun. If you travel on business, you’re supposed to establish contacts, carry on talks, making contracts, and so on. If you travel for educational reasons, you attend lessons, go on excursions, gain knowledge and develop your skills.
In my opinion, summer is the best season for travelling. Most adults are on leave in this period and children have holidays, that’s why summer is the optimal time when you can start on a journey.
As to means of transport, each one has its pluses and minuses. If you travel by train, you can admire beautiful landscapes and you feel safe. But it takes more time to get to the destination. Travelling by plane saves time but deprives you the chance to enjoy the nature outside, and what is more, fills you with misgivings about the flight.
As to me, I have already travelled to many places, but my dream is to visit Tokyo. This is the place I would like to go to because it is one of the world leaders in business, culture, science and technology. Besides, I plan to learn Japanese in the future, so, visiting Japan can help me to do that.
In conclusion, I’d like to emphasize the fact that travelling plays an important part in our life and everybody should travel as much as possible.
Монолог “Career plans”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about your career plans. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· what job you want to do in the future;
· what two subjects you think are the most important for your future job, and why;
· whether your family approve of your career choice or not.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный ответ
All people have to work in order to make a living. It is very important that a person has a job according to his or her abilities and wishes.
As for me, I’d like to be an interpreter in the future. I like foreign languages very much, and, frankly speaking, I’m very good at them. Nowadays, I do my best to learn English and Spanish because they are the languages that are widely spoken and popular with lots of people.
I think that English and Geography are the most important subjects for my future job. They are two subjects that help me learn much about other countries, their customs and traditions. English and Geography also help me understand native people of other countries, respect their culture and communicate with them in the most effective way.
All the members of my family approve my career choice because they strongly believe that interpreting is an exciting and well-paid job. Frankly speaking, my family just want me to be happy and they support any decision of mine.
In conclusion, I’d like to emphasize the fact that every teenager shouldn’t procrastinate in deciding about his or her job because a successful career requires much time and efforts.
Монолог “Books”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about books. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· whether reading is still popular with teenagers, and why, or why not;
· what kind of books you like reading;
· why many people prefer e-books to paper books.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный ответ
Well, I am going to give a talk about books.
To begin with, I’d like to say that there are a lot of ways to spend free time: doing sports, watching TV, going to the cinema, playing games, and so on. And, of course, you can just read a book.
Frankly speaking, reading books is losing its popularity with teenagers making way for more exciting activities, such as watching blockbusters in 3-D, playing computer games, social networking, arranging parties. If a teenager has to choose between reading a book and playing a brand new computer game, he or she will definitely show preference for the game. Modern games excel books in all aspects. Firstly, modern games make a tremendous visual impact. The game world looks extremely realistic. Secondly, when playing a game, you are not an outsider. You are an active insider participating in everything that happens in the game world.
As for me, I have to confess that I am not only a gamer, but also a regular reader. Yes, I like reading very much! Science fiction is my favourite kind of literature because it gives a different view of our reality. It doesn’t present our world as it is but as it could be. I think that science fiction is much deeper than, say, detective stories. The problems science fiction deals with are more global and serious.
If you take a closer look at reading people, you will notice that they usually read e-books. There is a number of reasons why many people prefer e-books to paper books. The main reason is that you can download unlimited e-books for free from the Internet. In addition to it, e-books are more comfortable to read. There is a variety of devices that can store e-books: computers, tablets, smartphones.
In conclusion, I’d like to say that modern world is full of exciting things like sports, TV, parties and so on. Nevertheless, books shouldn’t be forgotten.
Монолог “School homework”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about your school homework. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· how long it takes you to do your homework;
· what subject you usually start with, and why;
· whether schoolchildren should be given more or less homework, and why.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный ответ
Well, I am going to give a talk about my school homework.
To begin with, I’d like to say that school homework is an essential part of school education. Almost everyone who goes to school is given hometasks.
As for me, duration of doing my homework depends on many factors. For example, our teachers of Literature and History are in the habit of giving a lot of homework, which involves reading many pages of textbooks, writing synopses, making presentations, and so on. If you are not ready with all this stuff, you get a bad mark. As I don’t want to get bad marks, I have to spend long hours to prepare for the lessons. It may take me 3 or even 4 hours to finish the school homework. But to tell the truth, there are teachers who spare pupils’ time and don’t give much work. They organize their lessons so that there is little left for home.
As to sequence of subjects, I usually start with Literature because this is the most voluminous subject including many works of fiction, critique, philosophy, and the like. I prefer to get rid of the most boring subject in the first place and then start doing something that is more interesting.
I strongly believe that schoolchildren should be given less homework. I don’t understand teachers who give their pupils too much homework and are sure that they do them good. Teachers should know that our brain can effectively process a limited amount of information. The rest of information vanishes into thin air. If you keep trying to remember everything you are given by teachers, you will most likely go crazy.
In conclusion, I’d like to appeal to teachers and make them remember their own school life. Teachers should never forget that they were pupils in the past and, like today’s young people, had difficulties with the homework.
Монолог “TV”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about TV. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· whether watching TV is still a popular pastime with teenagers, and why, or why not;
· how many hours a week you watch TV;
· what you dislike most about TV.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный ответ
Well, I am going to give a talk about TV.
To begin with, I’d like to say that TV is one of the greatest inventions of all times. It is impossible to imagine days when people lived without TV.
In my opinion, watching TV is losing its popularity with teenagers. The reason is that teenagers prefer the Internet to TV. Not long ago, TV used to be the main source of information and entertainment. It is no longer the case. Now, if you want to know what is happening in the world, you launch a browser, do some clicks and get innumerable quantity of information. If you want to watch something entertaining, you don’t need TV. There are lots of youtube channels providing clips, shows, interviews with celebrities, and the like. You can start watching a video, pause it for any time and then start again. You can’t do the same trick with television.
As for me, I don’t watch TV very often. I usually do it when new episodes of my favourite serials appear. So, I watch TV approximately 3 of 4 hours a week. Sometimes it happens that there are no new episodes of my favourite serials, so I spend no time at all.
There are a lot of things I dislike about TV. But endless blocks of commercials drive me really crazy! It goes without saying that advertising gives money for producing new content, but there should be some limits to advertising.
In conclusion, I’d like to acknowledge great importance of television, but at the same time, I’d like to state the fact that TV gradually abandons its absolute position making way for the Internet.
Монолог “Free time”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about your free time. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· whether you have a lot of free time, and why, or why not;
· what you enjoy doing in your free time;
· what your Sunday afternoons are like.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный ответ
Well, I am going to give a talk about my free time.
To begin with, I’d like to say that people have to work more and more in the modern world to make a career, earn a living, and become successful. This also holds true for teenagers, because they have to study a lot. So, both adults and teenagers don’t have much free time.
As for me, I don’t have much free time either, because I am faced with a number of important exams this year. As I don’t want to fail them, I make every effort to learn the necessary material. I read a lot of textbooks and additional articles, do innumerable exercises, attend preparation courses, and so on.
In spite of the fact that I have to work a lot, I try to find some time for recreation and fun. Frankly speaking, I enjoy doing many things in my free time. I like to take walks, come to see my friends, watch TV, surf the Internet, and so on. My favourite pastime is going to a swimming pool. I am keen on having a healthy lifestyle, and swimming helps me to keep fit.
As to my Sunday afternoons, I should confess that they are just for doing nothing active. I usually take my tablet, sink into the sofa, and watch videos on youtube or communicate in social nets. Sunday afternoons are the period when I don’t overload myself with activities, because I need to collect my strength for Monday, which is my busiest weekday.
In conclusion, I’d like to say that it is very important to not only have free time but also give it to your hobbies and interests.
Монолог “Weather and seasons”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about weather and seasons. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· which of the four seasons you like most, and why;
· how the Earth’s climate has changed recently;
· whether you trust the weather forecast, and why.
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный ответ
Well, I am going to give a talk about weather and seasons.
To begin with, I’d like to say that there are four seasons in a year: winter, spring, summer, and autumn.
As for me, I like summer most of all, because this is the period when we have vacations. And vacations mean freedom. Absolutely! We have no need to get up early and be in a hurry to leave for school. It is not necessary to spend long hours doing school homework. The only thing we have to do in summer is relaxing to the max. In addition to it, the weather is awesome in summer! As a rule, it is warm and sunny.
By the way, the Earth’s climate has changed recently. If you take a closer look at what’s happening in the world, you see natural phenomena that never took place before. Melting arctic ice is one of numerous examples. It gradually fills the ocean with huge amounts of additional water that makes the water level higher and causes ecological disasters. In addition to it, mass media often give information about disastrous hurricanes and severe droughts that occur in unexpected time and place.
As to the weather forecast, I don’t trust it if it is given for the longer period of time. I don’t believe that man can predict what is going to be in a week or fortnight. Nevertheless, I think that the weather forecast for one or two days is most likely to be correct, and you should trust it.
In conclusion, I’d like to say that weather is an interesting subject, which is worth studying and paying attention to.
Монолог “Photography”
Задание
You are going to give a talk about photography. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
· why people like taking pictures
· why taking photos is more popular today than it was in the past
· what the best photo you have ever taken is
You have to talk continuously.
Примерный ответ
Well, I am going to give a talk about photography.
To begin with, I’d like to say that people have always wanted beautiful moments of life to last forever. Photography helps them to make it happen.
People like taking pictures for a number of reasons. As I have just mentioned, people want to save beautiful moments of life forever. For example, while visiting an exotic country, you see lots of things that don’t exist in your own area. You never see a coconut tree in Siberia and heaps of snow somewhere in the south. Why not to take a picture? In addition to it, people take pictures not only for fun but also for fixing details of an occurrence. It is often the case when pictures help to investigate a crime.
It is really a fact that taking photos is more popular today than it was in the past. The main reason is that taking photos has become much easier today. You just take a smartphone, do a click and that’s it. It has also become easier to share photos with friends. You can upload it
on your profile in a social net and let everyone see it.
As for me, I like taking photos very much. Frankly speaking, I have many good photos, but the best one was taken last year in the Altai Mountains. My friends and I effected an ascent of a mountain and took a picture on the very top of it. The picture is just awesome! When I look at it, I admire wonderful nature and remember my friends.
In conclusion, I’d like to say that taking pictures is a never-ending hobby, which will carry away more and more people.
