Night school– a special educational institution that provides everyone who wishes to acquire a general secondary education. The main students are working adults, so classes are held in the evening. Some naively believe that evening school education- a relic of the Soviet era that has completely lost its relevance. In fact, on the contrary, this type educational institutions has never lost its importance and popularity: many people sign up for classes every year!
Who visits it?
All citizens who for some reason have not received secondary education can study at evening school. As a rule, adults over 20 years of age who have only 9 grades behind them, and sometimes even less, seek help. Often, students become young people who have completed military service in the army and decided to enter universities. In such cases, they will be able to master the missing program and confidently submit documents to the admissions committee. In addition, working people who need a promotion come to improve their education, and their work schedule does not allow them to study during the day. Since most employers insist that employees have general education, this group of students, as a rule, prevails numerically. Evening school becomes a real opportunity for them to improve working conditions and achieve career growth.
Features of training
The main feature that distinguishes these institutions from traditional schools is their opening hours. Classes begin at 16-17 hours, when many students already come from work. Lessons end late in the evening - around 20 - 20.30.
The operating hours of an evening educational institution, as a rule, do not include daily classes. They are conducted several times a week, and the hourly load per subject is significantly less than in a regular school.
Another distinctive feature is the “diverse” composition of the students. The class consists of an audience of very different ages, which makes the learning process quite difficult.
Problems of evening schools
Despite the great importance of this educational link, evening institutions face a considerable range of problems. Let's consider the most significant aspects.
Financing. Special status, unfortunately, “plays” against institutions: they receive much less money from the state than regular schools. Sometimes management is forced not only to cut wages teachers, but is not ready to add additional specialists to the staff. Of course, this affects not only the salaries of employees, but also the quality of the educational process as a whole. The lack of funds for timely repairs, replacement and updating of equipment and computerization makes the learning process uncomfortable and significantly reduces its effectiveness.
Lack of methodological basis. Teachers at these institutions do not have special teaching aids. Therefore, the whole process is built according to the usual school principles and on the same material. The teacher has to not only adapt school curriculum under new conditions, but also be able to “squeeze” the material into a short time frame. It is worth noting that in simple schools the number of hours allocated to a topic is often not enough for proper study. In evening school this time turns out to be even less! Thus, most questions are left for independent study.
Evening school is an opportunity to make up for the gap in education, come to your senses, think about the prospects, combining it with work activity educational process. Such educational institutions are of particular importance in the domestic education system.
Specifics of activity
Evening comprehensive school occupies an intermediate position between regular daytime educational institutions and additional education. Information about the accessibility of education appears on television screens. IN real life Depending on various factors, some high school students are forced to leave their home school and look for a way to earn money.
Evening school is a chance to acquire an education, without which it is difficult to count on moving up the career ladder. Every citizen at any age has the opportunity to receive a complete secondary education. Then a graduate of such an institution can continue his studies at a higher-level educational institution.
Evening schools are not only a way to fill missing gaps in education, but also an excellent reason to think about the near future, combining education with work.
Who can attend night school
During the existence Soviet Union Such educational institutions were in demand among working youth far from school age. Currently, the situation has changed radically. Now the evening school students are teenagers from dysfunctional families who are unable to study in regular educational institutions. Approximately a third of the students are young people who have left school age and work in various companies. Of course, we are not talking about the fact that every high school student has the right to quit high school and replace it with an evening course. According to the legislation operating in the Russian Federation, only teenagers who have received permission from the commission on juvenile affairs have the right to transfer to such an educational institution.
Who else can be “sheltered” by evening school? After this, the guys can work under a contract in the ranks of the RF Armed Forces, because without secondary education this is impossible.
Also, athletes who, due to constant travel to competitions, cannot cope with the program of a regular comprehensive school, become evening school students.
Evening school problems
Evening school in Moscow is a common occurrence these days. These educational institutions have a lot of problems caused by the reform of the domestic educational system. Let's list some of them:
- financing of material, technical, methodological parts, as well as staff on a residual basis;
- lack of special training programs;
- low status of the teacher.
Among other educational institutions, due to minimal funding, it is the evening school that remains without high-quality cosmetic repairs and teaching materials. The city does not always allocate material resources to solve such a problem.
Difficulties also arise with staffing such an educational institution. There are not enough methodologists, social educators, psychologists, and educators here.
Evening school is a special option educational organizations, in which special teaching aids. Due to insufficient funding, teachers are forced to independently rework standard curricula, adjusting them to the number of hours allocated in evening schools.
Specifics of training
According to the educational standards established in Russian Federation, the duration of study in evening schools is three years. Increasing the training period is a necessary measure, since classes in these educational institutions They do not take place every day, and the number of training sessions is significantly less than in day schools.
Based on the name of this educational institution, one can understand that training sessions held in the evenings. Most evening schools operate from 16 to 20 hours. Students can choose an individual schedule for attending classes, having previously agreed with the teaching staff that they will complete some of the lessons independently, without attending evening school.
Day form
Currently, there are also evening schools that offer full-time education. Lessons in such educational institutions begin at 9 am and end at 15-16 hours. With this form, students attend school four times a week. The main contingent consists of teenagers from disadvantaged families who were unable to study in regular secondary schools. Teachers are quite loyal to such students and use them in their professional activity differentiated approach.
Among distinctive features In modern evening schools, it is also possible to distinguish the composition of the class of different ages. Both an older person and a teenager can sit at one desk here.
Prospects for existence
Over the course of several recent years In our country there is an active discussion of the issue regarding the existence of evening schools. Some experts are convinced that modern society Such educational institutions are not needed. Proponents of this idea argue their point of view by saying that secondary education today can be obtained both in a regular school and remotely. But the results of numerous statistical research they say that in Lately The population's demand for this form of education has increased significantly. Many modern people they want to receive secondary education without interrupting their work, and they have 10-15 years of work experience.
Reasons for the demand for evening schools
Where do so many citizens come from who want to receive secondary education in evening schools? According to UNESCO, in Russia today there are more than a million illiterate children and adolescents. Instead of studying at desks, they lead a wandering lifestyle.
Among the reasons for the demand for evening education, experts also highlight the optimization process, which involves the closure of small-scale educational institutions. Not all children have the opportunity to travel to other settlements to continue their education, so often evening school remains the only way not only to get an education, but also to become a full-fledged member of society.
Conclusion
Considering the demand for evening schools among teenagers and working youth, the issue of closing them is currently suspended. Despite the complex and diverse age group, these educational institutions conduct not only educational classes, but also a variety of events.
Not every person managed to receive at least a general education on time. There is no need to think that evening school students are losers or narrow-minded people. Anything could happen in their lives - some in their youth did not understand how important education is and were idle in class, some got married early, sometimes even in childhood, some were forced to work.
Features of evening schools
In the evening general education school, students study in the evening. Hence the name. You can get an education there for free if you do not need an intensive, shortened course of study. Then the price of training is set according to an agreement drawn up by the school administration. Thanks to the class schedule, you can combine study with work or other studies, and also acquire a profession at the same time.
Anyone who is already 15 years old can become a student at this school. Graduates of evening schools are given certificates the same as those issued in ordinary schools. Classes are not held every day. Because of this, the program of a regular high school school (10-11) is taught in evening schools for 3 years.
What does evening school give?
At evening school, a student can receive a general secondary education if he is serious and has good self-control. After the new Education Law came into force in 2014, evening schools teach according to the general standards existing in regular day schools. To graduate, all students must pass the Unified State Exam (unified State exam).
Procedure for admission to evening school
To enroll in evening school, you need the following documents:
- passport;
- parental consent (if under 18 years of age);
- certificate of basic education;
- photos;
- medical insurance;
- statement.
Sometimes schools have additional requirements, such as requiring a medical certificate of health.
If you lost your certificate and were unable to restore it, you will be given an interview or an entrance test, based on the results of which you will be admitted.
Among the evening school students there are working adults, young and mothers of many children, people who have arrived from other countries who want to get an education in Russian standards. Mature people who have realized the value of education, but who find it difficult to find time to study, sometimes amaze teachers with their thirst for knowledge, their serious approach and the results of their studies.
Like any educational institution, evening school has its pros and cons.
Pros:
- Classes are not held every day. Lessons take place several times a week. At the same time, the load per lesson is less than in a regular secondary school;
- it's free. According to Article 43 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, everyone has the right to receive basic general education, therefore no one will demand money for studying at evening school;
- can be combined with work. Classes usually start at 17:00. Therefore, after work it is quite possible to catch classes.
Minuses:
- classes with students of different ages. Both young people and older people can study in the class. Therefore, the pace of the teacher’s presentation of the material can be either very fast or very slow; you will have to adapt to your classmates;
- schematic presentation of material. Due to the fact that the programs follow an accelerated course, it is not always possible for the teacher to focus on a particular topic for a long time;
- it's not obligatory. Most often, evening schools are attended by adults who have lived enough time without any education and are accustomed to it. So those who have problems with self-discipline will find it difficult to force themselves to attend classes regularly.
As we said above, upon completion of evening school, the student is given a certificate of complete secondary education if he has completed 11 grades, or a certificate of incomplete secondary education if he has completed a 9-year course of study. The certificate is a state document and is no different from what is issued in a day school. Therefore, after the “evening” you can continue your studies at any institution.
You can get a profession after 9th grade at a college, technical school or college. To do this, it is necessary that the results of the OGE (main state exam) are not negative. The applicant will need to provide the admissions committee with a copy of his passport, a certificate of incomplete secondary education, a certificate with the results of the OGE, an insurance policy, a medical certificate and 3x4 photographs. You also need to write an application for admission to this educational institution. As a rule, admission to the budget is carried out on the basis of the results of the OGE and grades for school exams in the certificate. Some specialties require passing an additional internal exam at the educational institution itself. The grade received for it is also taken into account when admitting an applicant to the university.
After 11 classes, a graduate of an evening school can enter any higher educational institution. To do this, you must pass the Unified State Exam (Unified State Exam) in subjects that are mandatory for the chosen profession, Russian language and mathematics. The websites of universities always contain a list of subjects required for admission. IN admissions committee you need to bring a certificate of complete secondary education, a certificate with Unified State Exam results, a copy of your passport, 6 photographs and an application for admission.
Therefore, you should not be afraid or worry that finishing evening school will somehow affect the continuation of your studies. Graduates of these schools have all the same rights as students of day schools.
No matter how difficult life may be, self-confidence and hard work will help you in your studies and give you a chance to make your working career successful.
A classic free state NIGHT SCHOOL will help you get the missing education starting from the 6th grade. You will choose your own convenient training schedule: full-time, part-time or part-time. correspondence form getting an education.
The main task of the school:
ensuring equal opportunity to realize the constitutional right to education for all citizens of Russia, in accordance with their interests and inclinations, regardless of material wealth, place of residence, regardless of educational, national, age qualifications and physical ailments. The school implements this task on the basis of versatility, multifunctionality, flexibility of forms and operating modes. The school should become a guarantor of accessibility and truly democratic education for EVERYONE, but especially for those who, for various reasons, cannot study in a regular school, provide the opportunity to study for everyone of any age, both working and not working, in a convenient form and in convenient time. The school should promote through education social protection and psychological and pedagogical rehabilitation of school students. The school should become an effective Center for the socialization of students' personalities.
Basics of the school::
- recognition of the right to education at any age as one of the most important fundamental human rights;
- orientation of education towards universal human values and ideals of humanism;
- promoting the harmonization of the interests of students’ individuals and society as a whole;
- ensuring access to quality education and enlightenment for every citizen;
- taking into account the specific educational needs of various categories of evening school students
formation of an integral system of universal knowledge, abilities, skills, and experience independent activity and personal responsibility of students, that is, key competencies that determine the modern quality of educational content.
Education as a top priority in education is an organic component pedagogical activity integrated into the overall learning and development process.
The most important tasks of education are the formation in schoolchildren of civic responsibility and legal self-awareness, spirituality and culture, initiative, independence, tolerance, the ability to successfully socialize in society and actively adapt to the labor market.
Who are the students of the school today:
- The desire to quickly finish high school (teenagers choose an external form of education)
- Conflicts with students or teachers at the school where they previously studied
Difficult financial situation in the family, forcing a teenager to either go to work and combine work with study in the evening, or, in parallel with secondary education at evening school, receive vocational education
So-called “difficult” teenagers, from whom mass day schools are trying to get rid of either because of their deviant behavior or because they are lagging behind in their studies.
Adult students who have a long break from their studies, work, and therefore are forced to receive education in the evening. This category of students includes people who have completed the 9th grade of secondary school, are working and have realized that without a complete secondary education, further career growth is impossible. This category also includes housewives caring for children, as well as pregnant women.
Military personnel undergoing compulsory military service in the Dzerzhinsky Division, as well as conscripts and contract soldiers transferred to the reserve, incl. and from hot spots. The motivations of these students are very different, from gaining knowledge and continuing their education at universities to simply receiving a document on education.
Young people who have graduated vocational schools without secondary education, as well as expelled from colleges and schools for various reasons. The school has an agreement with secondary vocational colleges “College of Automation and Radioelectronics” No. 27 and State Educational Institution Secondary Professional Education Technological College No. 28 on the transfer of students expelled from there directly to our school.
Migrants and emigrants receiving education under the Russian Language School program of the Moscow government. Under this program, official migrants and emigrants coming to the country receive an intensive Russian language course for 1 academic year to enable further education in state educational institutions. Upon completion of the Russian Language School, they become students of the ethnocultural class of our school. Currently, refugees from Afghanistan are studying in the school's ethnocultural class.
Teenagers, by various reasons not having the opportunity to continue their education in a public school. Among the reasons for the inability to continue studying in a public school, the following prevail:
People with physical disabilities, disabled people, including military personnel, undergoing treatment after injuries received in hot spots at the Burdenko Hospital
Persons under investigation in pre-trial detention center No. 6. These are girls and young women who are highly motivated to study, because bitterly realized the mistakes they had made. It is school activities, regular and serious, that help them not to lose themselves as individuals.
The topic of evening schools is rarely raised in the press. There is still an opinion that this form of education is for losers and poor students. Nevertheless, several thousand Russian citizens annually receive secondary education in such educational institutions.
It was in the evening: the pros and cons of evening school
Life turned out in such a way that I did not receive a complete secondary education on time. The need to continue education in secondary and then in higher school arose recently. Of course, I heard about evening schools, but I was never specifically interested in this form of education. Therefore, all the information had to be collected from scratch.
My work is based on constant travel, I don’t sit in one place. Therefore, it was very important to find a school located close to home, so as not to waste time and energy on the road.
The first thing I did was call the district department of the education department of my district and get the addresses and phone numbers of nearby schools. I outlined the main selection criteria for myself.
+ evening schools
- opportunity to study not every day;
- free education;
- a schedule convenient for combining with other studies or work;
- variety of forms of education
- multi-age classes;
- schematic presentation of material in some forms of training;
- not suitable for people with poor self-control
Firstly, I am the only breadwinner in the family, there is no “extra” money. Education shouldn't cost too much. Secondly, I was interested in studying in which I would need to do a minimum of homework - there was very little free time. Thirdly, the number of classes per week and their start time are important. We are ready to leave work early, but not every day.
Having weighed my desires and possibilities, I began calling educational institutions.
In two years: accelerated receipt of a certificate
The first thing I did was apply to a school that offered external training. Accelerated full-time and correspondence education is available in every second “evening”. Graduates of ninth grades can take the last two school year for one. At first glance, this is very convenient for “adult” schoolchildren: they don’t have to wait long for the desired certificate.
But after talking in more detail, I realized that the intensive course was not suitable for me. The program is very rich. Most topics have to be actively worked on at home. A schematic system of presentation predominates: teachers give lectures, as in an institute. All Additional information the student obtains it himself: prepares reports, studies textbooks and additional literature. After each block the topics are test papers. You also need to prepare for them.
At the end of the year you will have to take all (!) general education subjects. And there are many of them: algebra, geometry, physics, chemistry, literature, etc. It is very difficult for a person who works a lot to prepare for so many tests. At a minimum, you need to take a vacation.
I was also confused by the issue of payment. There is no free intensive. School fees range from $500 to $1,000 per year. You must pay for each additional consultation with teachers.
For adults
At the next school on the list I decided to find out about regular, non-abbreviated programs. It turns out that according to the standards, the period of study in an evening general education institution is at the third level ( high school) is three years. The fact is that classes are not held every day (three times a week - study, one day - tests). The number of teaching hours per week is significantly less than in a regular school (23 instead of 36). The increased duration of training is a necessary measure, otherwise you will not have time to complete the required program.
By the way, the thematic content of classes in day and evening schools is the same. The exception is physical education and the so-called aesthetic cycle subjects: drawing, drawing, etc. Not all evening schools have computer science.
Classes are held in the evenings, from 16.00 to 20.30. For those who cannot take time off from work three times a week, an individual schedule is provided: by agreement with the teachers, you can skip part of the lessons by completing assignments at home.
At the end of the training, final exams are taken according to the same system as in a regular school. Two subjects are compulsory (composition, algebra), two more are optional from other school disciplines. Those who graduate from school are issued a state-issued certificate, exactly the same as in a regular secondary school.
Do you want to take the Unified State Exam? If there are enough applicants, the unified state exam is held centrally. If not, graduates can sign up for the Unified State Exam on their own.
Golden mean
“If there is a short and a long program, perhaps there is also a medium one,” I thought and continued collecting information.
There really is such an option. True, you will have to study... in the morning. The full name of the "evening" is State educational institution evening shift general education school. It turns out that there are not only evening shifts, but also morning ones. Lessons start at 9 am and end almost like in a regular school - after lunch. "What's the difference then?" - I asked.
Firstly, you will have to study four days a week, not five. This regime suits children who left regular school to begin actively preparing for admission to university. An additional free day appears for visiting or preparatory courses. Secondly, such training is also suitable for the opposite category of students - those who had problems with their studies at their previous school. In the “evening”, teachers are more attentive, if necessary, provide additional training, and practice a differentiated approach. Those in need psychological assistance(for example, children from disadvantaged families) can use the free services of a psychologist or social educator.
The third plus is the opportunity to simultaneously acquire a profession. In some schools (in particular, GOU VSOSH 51), special classes in computer science are organized for full-time students, upon completion of which a certificate is issued for the acquired profession of a laboratory programmer.
In the mornings, school-age children (14-16 years old) often study. There are few adults - at this time everyone is at work.
In the morning groups, students’ leisure time is thought out: free trips to the theater and museums, bus excursions around Moscow and the nearest Moscow region are organized. There are clubs and sections (for example, theater or music).
By the way, some evening schools accept students without basic general education. Classes are organized for ninth or even eighth grades. True, you cannot come to such a school on a general basis: a conclusion from the commission on early expulsion is required, indicating the reasons that forced you to leave your previous place of study.
Sitting at a desk
After analyzing the information collected, I came to the conclusion: I will stick to the traditional three-year system. The loss of time is compensated by a convenient class schedule, small homework, and detailed presentation. I chose the school closest to my home that offered this form of education.
To enroll in an evening school, it is enough to bring a certificate of basic school education(9 classes). If for some reason you cannot present this document, although you have completed nine classes, there is a way out. According to the regulations on evening schools, in this case a special subject commission is assembled. Its representatives examine the applicant in basic school disciplines. If you can demonstrate a sufficient level of knowledge, you will be admitted to the school. Such cases do happen. For example, one of the young people lost his certificate during the move. Since he studied in another city, there was no time to restore the document. I had to take an exam!
All other applicants are exempt from entrance examinations, testing or even interviews. Evening schools accept everyone without any pre-selection.
There were 26 people in my class; there are more young men than girls. Most of the students are students from a nearby school. This situation is widespread in evening schools. Professional education Guys get it in school or college, full secondary school - in VSOSH. The schedule turns out to be intense: in the morning - professional classes, in the evening - general education subjects. But after three years, students receive both a certificate and a diploma.
Several classmates are people my age - in their early twenties. They all work during the day. According to the observations of teachers, the older the student, the more seriously he approaches the matter. Such students went on to study further consciously and do not want to waste time just like that.
I'm rewriting the schedule. Every day there are five to six lessons. Before the first lesson, I’m worried - what if I don’t understand anything from the teacher’s explanation? Still, a long break in classes can make itself felt... I’m especially worried about algebra and geometry - these subjects were never good for me.
At first I really had a hard time: while I got into the rhythm, I remembered the necessary formulas and rules... Then it became easier. The teachers were very helpful - they additionally explained what I didn’t understand and helped me concentrate. After all, teaching a group of different ages is much more difficult than a class that has become “used to” over the years of joint education: each “evening” student has his own motivation for classes, his own gaps in knowledge, his own difficulties... One gets tired at work and therefore falls asleep in class, the other too I am far behind the program, the third has all his thoughts occupied with his family or parallel studies.
One of the teachers said that the most difficult period in work is September. During this month, most students undergo adaptation. Failures are possible: unfortunately, not everyone who enrolls graduates from school.
But you shouldn’t think that evening school students are complete losers. For example, last year 24% of VSOSH 51 graduates entered universities, including state ones. The profiles of the institutes are very different, as are the students themselves, and the reasons that brought them to the threshold of the “evening”.
