How to apply for the Unified State Exam for past graduates. Everything you need to know about the Unified State Exam in computer science What you need to do to pass the Unified State Exam

Which is mandatory in 2018. In this material we will consider the rules for successful preparation for the specialized Unified State Exam in mathematics.

The profile exam in mathematics consists of two parts. The first includes eight basic short-answer questions to test practical and basic knowledge of mathematics. Students who have chosen a specialized exam in mathematics must learn to solve them very quickly; according to calculations by methodologists of the Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements, each task should take from 3 to 5 minutes. The second part contains tasks of an increased level of complexity: four tasks with a short answer and seven with a detailed answer. The last three tasks should be paid special attention to by graduates who plan to enroll in best universities countries with specialized mathematics.

The exam lasts 3 hours 55 minutes. The exam is assessed on a 100-point scale for admission to higher education. educational institution in 2017, you had to score at least 27 points. The tasks are divided into three modules: “Practice-oriented tasks”, “Algebra and principles mathematical analysis" and "Geometry".

Who should take the profile exam?

The profile exam in mathematics is an elective subject. If mathematics is listed among the subjects required for admission, choose only the specialized exam. If a graduate is not confident in his abilities or is taking mathematics just in case, he should sign up for the specialized and basic exams. Study the list carefully entrance examinations to selected higher education institutions. If mathematics is included among the subjects, then you must pass a specialized exam. In the list of entrance exams, specialized mathematics may appear not only in technical and mathematical specialties. Increased requirements for knowledge of mathematics are imposed in the natural sciences: for example, when entering the fields of “Clinical Psychology”, “Chemistry”, “Biology”, “Ecology”. Knowledge of mathematics is also needed for some humanities specialties, for example, when applying for the “Fundamental and Applied Linguistics” program at Moscow State University. In the first half of the academic year, it is necessary to carefully study the requirements for admission to educational institutions of interest.

What tasks are difficult?

During the exam, graduates make mistakes common to all tasks. One of the most common is inattentive reading of the assignment. In 2017, 16% of people made a mistake in the task below because they did not read the conditions properly.

Task 11. A motor ship, whose speed in still water is 27 km/h, travels some distance along the river and, after stopping, returns to its starting point. The current speed is 1 km/h, the stay lasts 5 hours, and the ship returns to its starting point 32 hours after departure. How many kilometers does the ship travel during the entire voyage?

Graduates found the distance between departure and stop points, instead of determining the duration of the entire flight. This is a stupid mistake that may cost you the required points. As a rule, graduates do not carefully read the text of the assignment due to fear of not having time to complete it and anxiety due to the exam situation. Teacher of the Unified State Exam and Unified State Exam in mathematics in pairs TwoStu Maria recommends that after reading the conditions of the problem for the first time, make notes about what is given and what needs to be found, then read the problem again and start solving it.

Up to 57% of those who took the specialized Unified State Examination in mathematics made mistakes in tasks on stereometry. To successfully solve problems in stereometry in the Unified State Exam, you must:

perform arithmetic transformations of numeric and literal expressions;
be able to carry out additional construction and proof of the correctness of these constructions;
know the basic formulas for finding the values of geometric quantities of spatial figures.

FIPI methodologists note the low graphic culture of graduates, which is also the cause of errors when solving geometric tasks. Drawing classes will help develop graphic culture, the teacher of the Unified State Exam and Unified State Exam courses in the TwoStu pair shares advice.

When preparing for the specialized Unified State Examination in mathematics, be sure to carefully study the following topics:

determining the sign of a trigonometric function;
formulas of trigonometric equations;
knowledge of the trigonometric circle;
knowledge of the algorithm for solving inequalities;
solving a system of logarithmic inequalities;
solution of fractional rational inequality.

It was in these topics that graduates made mistakes most often when solving tasks for the Unified State Exam in 2017.

How to prepare

FIPI methodologists do not recommend preparing for the Unified State Exam in specialized mathematics only using test options from collections. This way you can practice solving tasks of the same type, which will not be at all similar to those that will appear on the exam. It's best to decide a large number of tasks for each exam topic, from simple to complex tasks. Current problems on exam topics can be found in the open Unified State Exam task bank on the FIPI website; tests and thematic problems can be solved on the Yandex.Unified State Exam portal.

The main advice for graduates is to start preparing for the exam right now. If the student’s level of knowledge is high, he successfully studies mathematics in a specialized class for at least 6-7 hours a week and solves Olympiad-level tasks, it may be enough for him to prepare independently using Internet resources and manuals. At the same time, it is necessary to constantly monitor your progress and ability to meet the allotted time, solve 2-3 options of the Unified State Exam in mathematics weekly.

An excellent student in a school with a low level of mathematics teaching and a good student in a specialized class should think about studying in preparation courses for the Unified State Exam in mathematics. There, students will discuss questions that cause difficulties from year to year and will be taught how to solve Olympiad-level tasks.

Individual or paired lessons with a tutor in preparation for the specialized Unified State Exam in mathematics will help to identify what the student’s main problem is and thoroughly analyze the methods solutions of three the latest assignments - the most important for admission to the country's leading universities.

When preparing for the Unified State Exam, it is important to remain calm and carry it through to the exams, because mistakes are made not only due to a lack of knowledge, but also as a result of panic. Regular preparation and the intention to enter a higher educational institution are the best assistants in preparing for the specialized Unified State Exam in mathematics.

Graduates, are you going to take a specialized exam in mathematics? Which tasks cause the most problems?

Preparing for the Unified State University is not easy for all graduates, but each of them is interested in the question: what you need to know to pass the Unified State Exam in literature. To make the exam preparation process easier, there are a few things you need to take into account.

Stages of preparation for the Unified State Exam in literature

The first step is to familiarize yourself with the list of works that you should read.

The second stage is to carefully study the requirements for the exam and the structure of the Unified State Examination.

The third stage is to become familiar with the theory of literature.

The fourth step is to become familiar with the Part C criteria and practice writing.

How to prepare for the Unified State Exam in Literature?

After reviewing literary theory, work through each text listed in the Codifier. Then you need to repeat the writer’s biography from the textbook and write down the main dates on a special card. Each work must be re-read, after which you need to formulate the essence of the plot and conflict in two or three sentences. After thinking about the problem, write down all the wording on a separate card. Should be written separately full names main characters.

The next stage of preparation will be working with textbooks and additional literature. While reading, you need to make short notes.

After mastering all the training material, use the FIPI notebooks prepared by E.L. Erokhin and S.A. Zinin.

Part B needs to be worked on independently, but to prepare for part C, you need the help of a teacher who can evaluate what you have written, give advice, and sort out mistakes.

Another important point in preparing for the Unified State Exam in literature is that you need to set a goal for yourself, how many points you should score. To do this, make a list of 5-6 educational institutions that are suitable for you and find out from the admissions committee what they were like last year.

If you are interested in the question of what you need to know to prepare for the Unified State Exam in Literature, use the following study guides:

Two-volume book “Russian literature of the 19th-20th centuries. Tutorial for those entering universities”, publication of the Faculty of Philology of Moscow State University;

N.M. Azarov “Text. A manual on Russian literature of the 19th century" (any edition). Azarova’s method is considered the most effective for preparing for the Unified State Exam;

L. A. Skubachevskaya, N. V. Slautina, T. V. Nadozirnaya and others. “Unified State Exam. Literature. Universal reference book" (Eksmo publishing house);

Book “Unified State Exam. Literature: exam assignments", prepared by S. A. Zinin;

E. L. Erokhina. "Literature. Thematic workbook FIPI", publishing house "Exam".

Which programming language to choose, which tasks to focus on and how to allocate time during the exam

Teaches computer science at Foxford

Different universities require different entrance exams for IT areas. Somewhere you need to take physics, somewhere you need to take computer science. It’s up to you to decide which exam to prepare for, but it’s worth keeping in mind that the competition for specialties where you need to take physics is usually lower than for specialties where the Unified State Exam in computer science is required, i.e. the likelihood of enrolling “through physics” is greater.

Why then take the Unified State Exam in computer science?

It is faster and easier to prepare for it than for physics.
You will be able to choose from more specialties.
It will be easier for you to study in your chosen specialty.

What you need to know about the Unified State Exam in computer science

The Unified State Examination in computer science consists of two parts. The first part contains 23 problems with a short answer, the second - 4 problems with a detailed answer. The first part of the exam contains 12 basic level tasks, 10 advanced level tasks and 1 high level task. In the second part there is 1 task of an advanced level and 3 tasks of a high level.

Solving the problems from the first part allows you to score 23 primary points - one point for each completed task. Solving the problems of the second part adds 12 primary points (3, 2, 3 and 4 points for each problem, respectively). Thus, the maximum primary points that can be obtained for solving all tasks is 35.

Primary scores are converted into test scores, which are the result of the Unified State Examination. 35 raw points = 100 test points for the exam. At the same time, more test points are awarded for solving problems from the second part of the exam than for answering problems in the first part. Each primary score received for the second part of the Unified State Exam, will give you 3 or 4 test points, which adds up to about 40 final exam points.

This means that when completing the Unified State Exam in computer science, it is necessary to pay special attention to solving problems with a detailed answer: No. 24, 25, 26 and 27. Their successful completion will allow you to score more final points. But the cost of a mistake during their implementation is higher - the loss of each initial point is fraught with the fact that you will not pass the competition, because 3-4 final points for the Unified State Exam with high competition in IT specialties can become decisive.

How to prepare to solve problems from the first part

Pay special attention to tasks No. 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 18, 20, 23. These tasks, according to the analysis of the results of past years, are especially difficult. Difficulties in solving these problems are experienced not only by those who have total score for the Unified State Exam in computer science it turned out to be low, but both “good” and “excellent”.
Memorize the table of powers of the number 2.
Remember that KBytes in tasks means kibibytes, not kilobytes. 1 kibibyte = 1024 bytes. This will help avoid errors in calculations.
Study carefully Unified State Exam options previous years. The computer science exam is one of the most stable, which means that you can safely use the Unified State Exam options from the last 3-4 years for preparation.
Get to know the different options for wording assignments. Remember that minor changes in wording will always lead to worse exam results.
Read the task conditions carefully. Most errors when completing tasks are due to an incorrect understanding of the condition.
Learn to independently check completed assignments and find errors in answers.

What you need to know about solving long-answer problems

Task 24 - to find an error

Problem 25 requires writing a simple program

Problem 26 - game theory

Task 27 - you need to program a complex program

The main difficulty in the exam is problem 27. It can only be decided60-70% of those writing the Unified State Exam in computer science. Its peculiarity is that it is impossible to prepare for it in advance. Every year a fundamentally new task is presented for the exam. When solving problem No. 27, not a single semantic error can be made.

How to calculate time in an exam

Refer to the data given in the specification of control measuring materials for the Unified State Exam in computer science. It indicates the approximate time allotted for completing the tasks of the first and second parts of the exam.

The Unified State Examination in computer science lasts 235 minutes.

Of these, 90 minutes are allocated to solving problems from the first part. On average, each task from the first part takes from 3 to 5 minutes. It takes 10 minutes to solve problem No. 23.

There are 145 minutes left to solve the tasks of the second part of the exam, while solving the last problem No. 27 will require at least 55 minutes. These calculations were carried out by specialists from the Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements and are based on the results of previous years' exams, so they should be taken seriously and used as a guide for the exam.

Programming languages - which one to choose

BASIC. This is an outdated language, and although it is still taught in schools, there is no point in wasting time on mastering it.
School algorithmic programming language. It is designed specifically for early education programming, is convenient for mastering initial algorithms, but contains virtually no depth, there is no room for development.
Pascal. It is still one of the most common programming languages for teaching in schools and universities, but its capabilities are also very limited. Pascal is quite suitable as a language for writing the Unified State Exam.
C++. A universal language, one of the fastest programming languages. It is difficult to learn, but in practical application its possibilities are very wide.
Python. It's easy to learn at entry level, the only thing required is knowledge in English. At the same time, with in-depth study, Python provides the programmer with no less opportunities than C++. Having started studying Python in school, you will continue to use it in the future; you will not have to relearn another language in order to achieve new horizons in programming. To pass the Unified State Exam, it is enough to know Python at a basic level.

Good to know

Computer science papers are assessed by two experts. If the experts' assessment results differ by 1 point, the higher of the two points is assigned. If the discrepancy is 2 points or more, the work is rechecked by a third expert.
A useful site for preparing for the Unified State Exam in computer science -

Roman Shirokiy

Reading time: 5 minutes

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The Unified State Exam is a centralized exam conducted in Russian educational institutions. Thanks to control measuring materials it helps to assess the quality of students' preparation. In this article we will learn how to pass the Unified State Exam, which exams to take and how to get 100 points.

Since 2009, the Unified State Exam has been a form of final exams at a lyceum or school, as well as a form of entrance exams to universities. The list of compulsory disciplines is represented by mathematics and the Russian language. Other items are chosen at your discretion. This could be a foreign language, literature, computer science, physics, geography and others.

The number of optional subjects selected for delivery is not limited. When compiling a list of disciplines, students are guided by the requirements of the higher educational institution chosen for admission.

They take the Unified State Exam from May to June. The legislation provides for early and additional periods of delivery. The first occurs in April, and the second in July. Graduates of the current year who:

Conscripted into the army;
Going to a Russian or international Olympiad;
Are sent for treatment abroad;
They graduate from a Russian-language school in a country with a difficult climate.

The additional period provides for the delivery Unified State Exam by foreign citizens, graduates of previous years, graduates of primary vocational education.

On Russian territory, the conduct of the state exam is controlled by federal Service for supervision in the field of science and education with the support of executive authorities Russian subjects. If testing is carried out abroad, the founders participate in the procedure in addition to Rosobrnadzor educational institution, past state accreditation.

The evaluation of the final certification results is based on a 100-point system. For each discipline, a minimum score is set, the overcoming of which confirms that the student has mastered the school educational program. Unified State Exam results are considered valid for 4 years following the year in which the student received them.

If the result of a participant in the final certification according to mandatory academic discipline does not reach the established minimum level, re-taking is provided in an additional period. If the second pass was unsatisfactory, you are allowed to try your luck again, but in the fall. In the case of an elective subject, everything is more complicated. A certification participant who does not score the minimum number of points is forced to wait a year to retake the exam.

Important! Participants in state testing who were removed from the audience for violation of discipline, cheating, or using mobile phone, are punished severely. Their results are canceled, as is the right to retake an additional period. Re-taking is allowed after a year. So there is no point in cheating in the exam.

How to pass the Unified State Exam if you don’t know anything

Pedagogical practice shows that schoolchildren, instead of preparing for exams, relax and chat with friends. In the old days, in the absence of knowledge, quickly made cheat sheets came to the rescue of lazy schoolchildren.

The introduction of the Unified State Exam has significantly complicated the procedure for passing state testing. Commission members closely monitor each student, and the use of cheat sheets and electronics is severely punished. How to successfully pass certification if during the preparatory period things did not come to study? I have some advice on this matter.

If before doomsday a few more weeks, start preparing. Use the services of a tutor and pay special attention to solving trial tasks. Learning the basics is the key to success if you don't know anything.
If the test is in a few days and you don’t have time to study the material, skim the pages of the textbook. It is possible that at an important moment he will come to the rescue visual memory. I talked about how to improve memory in one of the articles.
When test day arrives, stay confident, grab your pass, passport, some pens and pencils, a ruler and eraser, and go. Also make sure that you have a bottle of mineral water and a chocolate bar in your backpack.
Once in the classroom, choose a seat you like, sit comfortably at the table and take a few deep breaths. Don't worry. You attended classes throughout the year and probably something remained in your memory.
After receiving the package with forms and assignments, slowly fill out the registration information. When the teachers give the go-ahead, get down to business. You have 4 hours at your disposal.
Start with what you know. Having completed easy tasks, switch to more complex tasks. Even if there are difficulties with the decision, do not rush to leave the audience. Sit until the last minute. There are often cases when the correct answer comes at the last moment.

People who are well acquainted with the procedure for passing the final certification claim that many schoolchildren greatly exaggerate the complexity of the situation and lower their level of knowledge in their thoughts. It's all to blame severe stress. If you strive to achieve a goal, curb your panic, calm down and get ready to work. This is the secret of success.

What Unified State Examinations are taken in 11th grade in 2020?

According to available information, to obtain a certificate in 2020, passing tests in 11th grade in mathematics and the Russian language is not enough. Now you need to pass an additional optional exam.
If you do not plan to study at university, opt for a simple school discipline.

Full list The subjects available for choice are represented by literature, chemistry, physics, history, geography, social studies, computer science and foreign languages.

Among the innovations in 2020 is the absence of a test part, with the exception of foreign languages. Therefore, prepare responsibly, as the written exam more difficult than the test with multiple answer options.

There have been rumors that in 2020, grades for the Unified State Examination will affect the grades on the certificate, either down or up. There are also plans to make the Russian language exam more difficult. This year, graduates will face more challenging assignments. As for the essay and its evaluation criteria, there are no changes provided.

A list of the most popular exams in universities is presented exact sciences, including computer science, chemistry and physics. This is due to a shortage of qualified engineers in the country and a surplus of economists and financiers.

Periodically visit the portal of the Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements. Documents related to passing the Unified State Exam are regularly published here. There is also a table of changes that will help you get a complete impression of the innovations.

Which Unified State Exams do you need to take for admission to universities?

Enter an institute or university without a certificate passing the Unified State Exam impossible. It is important that a graduate planning to become a student at one of the universities must pass exams to enroll. In this part of the material I will consider several popular areas and help in choosing school subjects to take. And remember that mathematics and Russian are compulsory.

If you are planning to enroll in medical school, prepare to take the Unified State Exam in chemistry and biology. Dentists need to pass a physics exam. Some universities require a foreign language test.
Those who want to study to become a psychologist need to pass an exam in biology, which is considered a major subject. Depending on the chosen direction, sometimes you need Unified State Examination results in a foreign language. It all depends on the university.
If you see yourself as a teacher, prepare to take the relevant subject. In particular, to enroll in physics and mathematics, in addition to the main exams, you need physics. For a chemist-biologist, there is a test in chemistry and biology, and so on.
There are many faculties available to graduates who want to study at Moscow State University. For example, if you choose the department of “Recreational Geography and Tourism”, take the Unified State Exam in Geography, and the department of “Philosophy” will require natural science.
MIPT also has requirements. To enter this university you need computer science or physics. It all depends on the direction chosen by the graduate.
Educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs have special requirements for applicants. They give preference to graduates who have passed the Unified State Exam in social studies, history, physics or biology, depending on the field. Each graduate will also have to pass sports standards.
For those who want to become a student at the Military Space Academy, I recommend concentrating on preparing to take the Unified State Exam in physics. Without this major subject, as well as without sports standards, the university will not accept you.

In conclusion, I would like to add that each educational institution has its own requirements for Unified State Exam results. If you have already decided on the university and faculty, contact admissions committee for detailed information. This will protect you from a life-changing mistake.

What you need to know to pass the Unified State Exam with 100 points

Graduates seeking to enter the university prepare to take the Unified State Exam with all responsibility. Many aim to achieve 100 marks in all subjects. It is not surprising, because the maximum score indicates that the graduate has knowledge from school curriculum on the highest level. Such results open the way to any of the universities.

Many people believe that it is impossible to pass the Unified State Exam with 100 points. In reality this is not the case. With timely and proper preparation, any student has the opportunity to pass tests and get the highest score.

Let's look at the nuances of pre-exam preparation. This set of simple recommendations will help you pass the Unified State Exam with 100 points in the following subjects: social studies, biology, history, Russian and foreign languages, mathematics, physics and chemistry. Let's get started.

Stock up on textbooks for the subjects you have chosen to take from sixth to eleventh grade. During preparation, pay special attention to the topics that cause the most difficulty.
Study the exam questions to get an idea of the questions you will face in the exam. Keep a diary, make a preparation schedule. For each item of your plan, allocate enough time to study the material in depth.
Take notes. When reading textbooks, write down basic concepts and terms. Drawings and diagrams will increase the efficiency of memorization. Between the outlined topics, leave free space to record new or additional information on important issues.
Teachers like it when students talk. Learn to give detailed answers, give arguments, give explanations, use terms. Meaningful answers will increase your chances of receiving the highest score.
Visualize new information. As practice shows, cramming is a pointless waste of time. Delve into the topic you are studying, take advantage of associative memory, and imagine images.
Get a test guide for your chosen subjects and spend a lot of time working on them. Self-preparation will help you master the material and hone your skills in solving standard problems.
Start preparing early. Regardless of the subject you choose, you will have to study a huge amount of information. It takes time to master such a volume. Start preparing at least a year in advance. To improve the quality of knowledge, I advise you to use the services of a tutor or sign up for thematic courses.
Harness time. For testing by school subjects a certain amount of time is allotted. Complete all tasks if you take into account the time frame. At the same time, in pursuit of 100 points, you will have to solve problems quickly and correctly. To improve your skills, I recommend using the demo version of the Unified State Exam on the department’s website.

If you have set a goal of 100 points in all subjects, be prepared for labor-intensive and lengthy preparation. The recommendations outlined will make your life easier and will be a good help.

Answers on questions

Do I need to take the Unified State Exam after college or technical school?

At the initial stage of its introduction, the Unified State Exam evoked a lot of different emotions among college and technical school graduates. This is justified by state testing receiving the status of entrance exams to Russian higher educational institutions. What does it mean?

Having a certificate of passing the final certification opens the way to any university if the test results meet the requirements established by the university. People who graduated from school before 2009 do not have such a document. And if they continued their studies at a college or technical school, after graduation they are interested in whether they need to pass the Unified State Exam to enter a university? The further development of the situation has two scenarios.

A graduate of a college or technical school who wishes to continue studying at a university in accordance with the specialty received will not have to pass the state exam. To enroll in a university, it is enough to pass a specialized exam.
If a student received one specialty in college or technical school, and at the university wants to master another profession, there are two ways to solve the problem. The first involves passing the Unified State Exam, and the second involves passing entrance exams, as was the case before.

The introduction of new rules deprived graduates of technical schools and colleges of some advantages that help them to be guaranteed admission to university. But having a diploma from a secondary educational institution still gives the student more confidence.

How to pass the Unified State Exam for a graduate of previous years

There are often cases when a desire to undergo state certification arises from a graduate who graduated from school in previous years. It's good, because getting a diploma higher education it's never too late. In this part of the material we will talk about the intricacies of passing the Unified State Exam by graduates of previous years.

Passing the Unified State Exam for a former graduate has a special feature - you don’t have to take compulsory subjects, except in cases where mathematics and Russian are required for enrollment in the chosen specialty.

Graduates of previous years take the Unified State Exam ahead of schedule or along with the main wave. To do this, an application to take the exam is submitted in advance to the municipal education authority, indicating the main and additional disciplines, a passport and a certificate.

Besides personal information, if you studied for a long time, the application indicates the name of the completed educational institution, details, form of study and date of receipt of the diploma. Graduates from other countries who wish to continue their studies at a Russian university must present a foreign passport, the original document of education with a certified translation from foreign language.

To obtain admission to the final certification, an essay is written. This innovation does not apply to graduates of previous years. The work is written solely at will. However, some universities award several points for an essay upon admission.

Graduates of previous years take the Unified State Exam at the place of application. If you live in another city, you do not need to return to your hometown locality for the sake of obtaining a certificate.

In the article, we looked at how to pass the Unified State Exam if you don’t know anything, gave tips for getting 100 points and answered popular questions. Rational preparation combined with a positive psychological attitude, strong motivation and absolute calm will help you get the best results.

Don't panic, and on the morning before the certification, concentrate on mental preparation, and not on skimming through textbooks. Such actions only escalate the situation.

Go to the exam as if it were a holiday, and a good mood will serve as a reliable ally. And remember, passing the Unified State Exam is the first step in building a successful career. Good luck!

One of the two compulsory and, by far, the most difficult is the mathematics exam. And although there are relatively few tasks (20), and the time to solve them is a little less than 4 hours (3 hours 55 minutes), most school graduates face difficulties during the exam. This is due to both the incorrect distribution of time when solving tasks and some gaps in the main sections of school mathematics. How to most correctly and rationally prepare for the exam in mathematics in the form of the Unified State Exam?

To begin with, you just need to remember a number of basic things. You must be able to add, subtract, divide and multiply both whole and fractional numbers. It is very important to remember what a power of a number is, especially with negative and fractional values. You can rearrange parts of a sum, but not differences! You must clearly be able to open the brackets, remembering what it means to multiply a negative number by a negative number, or a negative number by a positive number. This will also help to reduce similar terms. We must remember the rules for calculating proportions. All these basic knowledge and skills are mandatory and without them it will be extremely difficult to pass mathematics (and completely impossible to study at a university).

B

If everything is in order with basic knowledge, then you should pay attention to the tasks from block B. They are relatively simple and mainly consist of tasks from the algebra course. The answers are either integers or decimals. There are 14 tasks in total in the block. Therefore, without solving most of them, you should not move on to block C. The following types of tasks are usually presented.

This is necessarily a simple task on finding percentages of a given number, as well as tasks on the ability to use ready-made graphs - you just need to solve it once on your own, these are very simple tasks. Usually there is also a task on simple logic, where you need to add, multiply, compare some integers. You need to know the basic trigonometric formula relating the square of the sine to the square of the cosine:

Since there is always a task to use this formula. There is always a fairly simple task of determining the logarithm, usually in the form of a simple logarithmic equation or exponential equation. For example:

The answer is, of course, x= 95. There is a task on the basic properties of the derivative of a function - you will have to remember these properties. Thus, half of the tasks in block B are on knowledge of basic things and involve the simplest skills.

Most complex tasks block B are word problems. You will have to seriously think about them. We must take the unknown quantity as x and try to express the conditions of the problem through this unknown. Problems can also be of a geometric nature, in which case it is necessary to use formulas for the area of a certain figure or the volume of a body. Usually the geometric problem is even simpler. The task can also be of a physical nature, for example, on the speed of movement. In addition, some text problems with a physical meaning are solved without introducing any x at all, since the equation of motion has already been given - in such cases it is necessary to find the derivative of this function. We remember that the derivative of distance with respect to time is velocity, and velocity with respect to time is acceleration. The ability to find the derivative is always a challenge. There are quite a lot of formulas and rules for finding derivatives - you need to remember them. Finally, there are purely geometric problems. Usually one is devoted to the properties of figures on a plane, and the other to the properties of bodies in space. Be sure to know the Pythagorean theorem:

Square of the hypotenuse right triangle equal to the sum squares of legs:

At least half of the geometric problems in the Unified State Exam are solved with its help! A large number of theorems and properties are studied in the geometry course. different figures- it is not necessary to know them all, many things can be guessed, since they are often obvious - only the answer is written down.

C

Block C contains only 6 buildings, but they are more complex and varied. Two or even three problems are geometric. The highest number of points depends on solving these problems. The score depends on the completeness and correctness of the solution. By and large, the whole difficulty of the Unified State Examination in mathematics lies in solving this block of tasks. You must have at least 2 hours to complete these tasks.

Must be able to solve trigonometric equations and inequalities. The main insidiousness of these tasks is that often to simplify the task you need to know trigonometric formulas, and there are many of them - you need to remember at least the basic ones. There is a problem to be solved various systems equations or inequalities, usually of a mixed nature, that is, containing both exponential, logarithmic equations, and ordinary ones. You must carefully determine the domains of definition of these functions and be able to transform the equations; often, after transformations, you can introduce a new variable, which simplifies the solution. Geometric problems require knowledge of the properties of figures on a plane and bodies in space. Problems on a plane require the ability to competently construct a drawing, from which it is clear what is missing to obtain the answer. Additional constructions may be required. It is also necessary to remember the extended Pythagorean theorem (cosine theorem), the theorem of sines. Often there are problems on the properties of a circle and the figures that are inscribed (described) in it. Spatial problems can be solved 90% with a correctly made drawing; usually it is enough to know some properties of triangles and the theorems listed above. Example of a geometric problem:

Lengths of edges AB, AA 1 and AD rectangular parallelepiped ABCDA 1 B 1 C 1 D 1 are 12, 16 and 15 respectively. Find the distance from the vertex A 1 to the line BD 1.

The most complex problems are problems with parameters; there are many types of such problems. It is difficult to give any general recommendations; to solve such tasks you need to train specifically. Finally, there are tasks for different kinds progressions and sequences in general. Here you need to remember the formulas of arithmetic and geometric progression, and also try to formulate the conditions of the task in the form of an equation. Here is an example of a system with a parameter: